User:OctopusGarden91/Sustainable livelihood

Sustainable Livelihood

Sustainable livelihood approach emerges in the 1950's through the evolution of discussions around developmental concepts  and environmental studies to offer a new way to think about work, especially the work of vulnerable populations (e.g., low income population living in the bottom of the pyramid, indigenous communities, etc.). The term reflects a concern with extending the focus of poverty studies beyond the physical manifestations of poverty to include also vulnerability and social exclusion.

The term "Sustainable" refers to an individual's ability to provide for themselves in such a manner that is viably long. "Sustainability" also refers to the ability to undergo external shocks or stresses and recover from such traumas through maintaining or improving one's livelihood. The sustainable livelihood framework provides a structure for holistic poverty alleviation action. Common adaptations of a sustainable livelihood framework focus on dynamic, human-centered programs aimed at reducing poverty. As a model for alleviating poverty, SL is an approach, not a theory whose framework comprises five principles deriving from a bottom-up developmental approach. People Center, focuses on studying what people have, such as land resources and readiness to adapt to developmental change. Participatory and responsive emphasizes that locals must be the beneficiaries of the work and implementation of the SL framework. Dynamics, use to explain the livelihoods are not static and can be influenced by internal and external factors beyond the control of people or institutions. Multi-level, tern use to describe that issues of poverty are multi-levels and must be address at all levels, community, regional, national and transnational. And Holistic, which reinforces the notion that sustainable livelihood is interconnected needs can work independently from stakeholders within a community. In a like manner Scholars Chamber and Conway defines the five principles in simpler terms (1)Well-being,(2)livelihood security,(3)capability,(4)equity, and (5)sustainability. terminology use to describe SL approach varies, nonetheless, they all share a common goal which is rooted on sustainable development. Sustainable livelihood as an approach recognizes the people engage in a number of activities regarding their livelihoods and emphasizes that none of those activities is more valuable than others. Due to the extensive literature on Sustainable Livelihood and United nations global recognition new model have arise such as  Rural Sustainable livelihood Approach, Community Development sustainable livelihood approach, rural development Livelihood approach, Sustainable Rural Livelihood amongst others.

Lead
Teresa C. H. Tao & Geoffrey Wall (2009) A Livelihood Approach to Sustainability, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 14:2, 137-152, DOI: 10.1080/10941660902847187

Lee-Ann Small PhD (2007) The Sustainable Rural Livelihoods Approach: A Critical Review, Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement, 28:1, 27-38, DOI: 10.1080/02255189.2007.9669186

Community Development Journal, Volume 38, Issue 3, 1 July 2003, Pages 255–265, https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/38.3.255

Community Development Journal, Volume 38, Issue 3, 1 July 2003, Pages 185–198, https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/38.3.185

Sibonginkosi Mazibuko (2013) Understanding underdevelopment through the sustainable livelihoods approach, Community Development, 44:2, 173-187, DOI: 10.1080/15575330.2012.683798