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Types of Cranes:

Mobile crane: A mobile crane is a type of crane that is mounted on a mobile platform, such as a truck or a crawler. This allows the crane to be easily transported to different locations and maneuvered into position. Mobile cranes typically have a telescoping boom that can be extended or retracted to reach different heights and distances. Tower crane: a tower crane is a machine equipped with a hoist rope, chains, or sheaves, and used to lower, lift, and move heavy or bulk construction materials around. They're great for speeding up construction, keeping you on schedule, and cutting costs of time and manpower in the process.

Types of Elevators used in Construction Sites.

There are many types of elevators in construction, such as Construction Elevators, Portable Elevators, Rack and Pinion Elevators. They all play a different role on the site. The most common types of elevators used in a construction site are Material Hoists and Personnel Hoists.

Material Hoists: These elevators are designed to transport construction materials, such as tools, equipment, and building materials. They are often mounted outside a building and can be operated manually or with a motorized system.

Personnel Hoists: These elevators are used to transport workers to various levels of a construction site. They are often enclosed and have safety features such as guardrails and emergency stop buttons.

Requirements To Operate Cranes

Operating a crane is a skilled job that requires specialized training, experience, and certification. Here are some of the requirements to operate a crane: Certification: Crane operators must have certification from a recognized training program that meets the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards. This includes passing a written exam and a practical skills test.

Age: Crane operators must be at least 18 years old.

Vision: Crane operators must have good vision, including depth perception, and the ability to see colors.

Physical fitness: Crane operators must be physically fit and able to perform the tasks required of the job. They may need to climb ladders, work at heights, and operate controls for extended periods of time.

Knowledge: Crane operators must have a good understanding of the equipment they are operating, including its load capacity, operating limits, and safety features.

Communication skills: Crane operators must be able to communicate effectively with other workers on the job site and follow instructions from supervisors.

Ongoing training: Crane operators must participate in ongoing training to stay up-to-date with new technology, safety procedures, and regulations.

It's important to note that the specific requirements for crane operators can vary depending on the country, state, or local regulations.

Inspections Of Cranes

Regular inspections of cranes are essential to ensure their safe and efficient operation. Here are some of the inspections that are typically done on cranes. Many inspections are done including Daily inspections, Pre-use inspections, Monthly inspections, Annual inspections, and Load testing. It's important to note that the specific inspections required for a crane can vary depending on its type, manufacturer, age, and other factors. The inspections should always be performed by a qualified and experienced inspector who has the necessary training and expertise to identify potential safety hazards and recommend appropriate corrective actions.

Here are the steps to set up a crawler-mounted crane:

1. The first step is to choose a suitable location for the crane. The area should be flat, stable, and able to support the weight of the crane and the load it will be lifting. It should also be free from any obstacles that could interfere with the operation of the crane.

2. The next step is to position the crawler tracks of the crane. The tracks should be aligned with the direction of the lift and the crane should be levelled. This will ensure that the crane remains stable during operation.

3. Next: Install the counterweights: Once the crawler tracks are in position, the counterweights should be installed. These are heavyweights that are used to balance the crane and prevent it from tipping over during lifting. The counterweights are usually installed at the rear of the crane and are attached using bolts.

4. The next step is to extend the boom of the crane. The boom is the long arm of the crane that is used to lift the load. The boom is extended using a hydraulic system that is controlled from the operator's cab. The operator should position the boom so that it is aligned with the lift and ensure that it is stable.

5. Install the hook and load line: Once the boom is extended, the hook and load line should be installed. The hook is attached to the load line and is used to lift the load. The load line is then run through the boom and attached to the winch. The winch is used to lift and lower the load.

6. Test the crane: Once the crane is set up, it should be tested to ensure that it is working properly. The operator should test the controls, the winch, and the brakes to make sure that everything is functioning correctly. It is important to ensure that the crane is stable and balanced before lifting any loads.

Types Of Cranes Used In Project 2

In the Four Story Office Building, there were only 2 types of cranes utilized.

The crawler-mounted crane needs to be set up onsite.

A mobile crane that has the ability to move around from Point A to Point B.

There was no elevator installed in the project since the designer did not request it.

The Cranes were utilized to move heavy construction materials such as Steel Beams and Concrete.