User:Otuyelu/SAMPA chart for yoruba

SAMPA charts of consonants and vowels

Note that you will need a font that supports the Unicode IPA Extensions to see the IPA characters.

Warning: this chart is an attempt to gather information of national'' SAMPA subcharts: the charts here contain conflicting characters. Most of the information here is therefore only valid for English and some other European languages. For a unified, general ASCII representation of the IPA symbols X-SAMPA should be used.''

Consonants
Note: It is common, especially in Spanish and Italian, to represent the alveolar trill with [rr] and the alveolar flap with [r]. In Spanish, too, [jj] is used to represent the palatal fricative against the semivowel [j]. It has been proposed to use [4] for the alveolar flap, in which case [r] can be used to represent the trill (as its equivalent in the IPA system), and [j\] for the palatal fricative, keeping in this way the policy of using one letter per one IPA symbol (and a backslash for alternative symbols).

Consonant modifiers:
 * [ ` ] after a consonant indicates retroflex.
 * [ <tt>_a</tt> ] apical (IPA subscript inverted bridge): [s_a] apical 's'
 * [ <tt>_d</tt> ] dental (IPA subscript bridge)
 * [ <tt>_G</tt> ] velarized diacritic (IPA superscript gamma)
 * [ <tt>_h</tt> ] aspirated diacritic (IPA superscript h)
 * [ <tt>_j</tt>, <tt>'</tt> ] palatalized. (IPA superscript j)
 * [ <tt>_m</tt> ] laminal (IPA subscript box)
 * [ <tt>_w</tt> ] labialized diacritic (IPA superscript w)
 * [ <tt>_<</tt> ] implosive (voiced stops) (IPA hooktop)
 * [ <tt>_></tt> ] ejective (voiceless stops)
 * [ <tt>_=</tt>, <tt>=</tt> ] syllabic, as in US bird [<tt>b=r\d</tt>] (also written [<tt>b3`d</tt>]), bottle [<tt>"bOt=l</tt>], button [<tt>"bVt=n</tt>]

Vowels
Vowel modifiers:
 * [ <tt>~</tt>, <tt>_~</tt> ] after a vowel indicates that it is nasalised (e.g. French bon [<tt>bO~</tt>] ).
 * [ <tt>:</tt> ] after a vowel indicates that it is lengthened (e.g. Japanese shōshō [<tt>So:So:</tt>], English see [<tt>si:</tt>] ).
 * [ <tt>`</tt> ] after a vowel indicates rhoticity (e.g. US English bird [<tt>b3`d</tt>] ).
 * [ <tt>_^</tt> ] non syllabic vowel (IPA subscript arch)

Stress is indicated by [<tt>"</tt>] for primary stress, and [<tt>%</tt>] for secondary stress, placed before the stressed syllable.

SAMPA charts for specific languages

 * SAMPA chart for English sounds
 * SAMPA chart for Hungarian sounds (in the Hungarian Wikipedia)



SAMPA-Transkribierungscodes Symboles SAMPA SAMPA表