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Title of proposed article: Lawrence W. Coffee

Lawrence William Coffee Sr (March 5, 1876—December 28, 1957) was a native of Denmark, migrated to the United States with his parents at the age of 6, and became a prominent California real estate developer during the first half of the 20th-century. He specialized in the subdivision of land, managing many different subdivisions throughout the State, including; Pullman–Pueblo in Richmond, Rock Ridge Terrace in Oakland, Balboa Island in Newport Beach, Electric Park in Los Angeles, and Capistrano Beach in Dana Point.

Coffee is most often noted for founding the town of Desert Hot Springs in Riverside County, California, although he had substantial assistance in that effort from his second wife Lillian E. Coffee and his friend and benefactor Aubrey Wardman.

Early years
The oldest of seven children, Coffee was born in 1876 to Peter and Maggie (Larson) Kofod in Rønne, Bornholm, Denmark, and baptized under the name Lorents Wilhelm Peter Kofod. The family adopted the surname Coffee when they emigrated to the United States in 1882. In a 1993 interview with the Santa Cruz Sentinel, Coffee′s son said the newly adopted name was a result of a misunderstanding when the family arrived at Ellis Island. Initially the family settled in Stockton, California, but moved to Stanislaus County where Coffee′s father took up farming.

Coffee went to school in Oakdale and worked on a thoroughbred horse ranch, owned by Colonel Caleb Dorsey, just outside Oakdale. Dorsey had been a State Legislator in the California State Assembly in 1877 and 78. During Coffee′s time with Colonel Dorsey, he also became acquainted with Lucky Baldwin, a pioneer of California business and original developer of the Santa Anita thoroughbred racetrack. According to his obituary in the Riverside Independent Enterprise these associations gave Coffee a lifelong interest in horses. After the Colonel′s death, Coffee became a manager for Stockton Hay and Grain Company for a brief time, then went to San Francisco where he worked in the shoe business before moving into real estate.

Land development
Coffee′s first job in real estate was with G. H. Umpson & Company where he worked in the subdivision department. In 1905 he went to work in the country and suburban branch of J. W. Wright & Company, located at 630 Market Street in San Francisco. The following year, on February 25, the company announced their move to 238 Bush Street, just eight weeks before the earthquake of 1906. In his biography Coffee stated that the firm was the first to return to Downtown San Francisco after the quake, their new location at 125 Sutter Street.

San Francisco Bay area
Richmond: While working with J. W. Wright, Coffee helped sell some of the first subdivisions in Richmond, California, including; Soito′s Addition in 1907, Emeric No. 2 in 1908, and Central Richmond in 1909. He worked on the Pullman–Pueblo tract in 1910 with McKenzie & Hogg. Coffee advertised extensively to promote Richmond, referring to it as "the Pittsburgh of the West". He offered free excursions to Richmond and organized various activities to help attract prospective buyers. On March 6, 1910, during aviations pioneer era, he sponsored one of the earliest airplane exhibitions in California at the Central Richmond tract. The event featured the O'Brien–Hudson Monoplane, or Richmond Monoplane, built by local ″inventors″ Clifton O'Brien and John W. Hudson, and piloted by O'Brien. The event attracted several thousand people, but ended in disappointment when the cylinder head blew off before takeoff.


 * Add photo of Coffee with Hudson & O'Brien
 * partially motived to build homes for "homeless" San Franciscans?

Glen Arbor: In 1909 Coffee developed the Glen Arbor subdivision in the San Lorenzo Valley of Santa Cruz County. Today the community falls within the Ben Lomond Census Designated Place. Coffee, with his wife and son, made their home in the development. To support the subdivision Coffee built a train depot on the Southern Pacific railroad line, and a clubhouse designed by architect L. D. Esty. One of the incentives Coffee used to draw interest in the development was a competition for naming the new community. In keeping with other Scottish naming conventions in the area, started by the early settler John Burns, Glen Arbor was the winning entry. Heidelberg, Monte Cruz, and Portola Heights were other top contenders.


 * 1909 May, Ordway Tract map filed See.
 * In addition to the Richmond and Glen Arbor, and while still with J. W. Wright, Coffee also worked on the subdivisions of Sans Souci Heights on Lake Tahoe and Rock Ridge Terrace near Oakland. Sans Souci Heights became part of Homeland, California.
 * 1919 May 22, death of J. B. Olsen who help establish Gen Arbor, first subdivision in San Lorenzo Valley.See.
 * contest See.
 * Need source for "first development in San Lorenzo Valley".

Balboa Island
Balboa Island: In 1912 Coffee went to Southern California to work for the Balboa Island Realty Company where he worked on the subdivision and promotion of Balboa Island. He again advertised and sponsored many free excursions to entice prospective buyers. In May Coffee used another aviation pioneer to help attract attention. This time arrangements were made to display Glenn Martin's "hydroaeroplane" which had recently set an over–water record, flying from Balboa Island to Santa Catalina Island and back. Also in May Coffee opened the company′s first branch office in Southern California′s Inland Empire region, on E Street in San Bernardino. By July he had made arrangements for a special train from Redlands and San Bernardino that could accommodate 1,000 people. When the Newport Bay Investment Company sold its holdings and dissolved the company at the end of October, Coffee left the Balboa Island Realty business. He still had a lein on the land for unpaid commissions of nearly $13,000.

Outside California
Guaymas, Mexico: In September, 1912, Coffee had spent a month touring Sonora, Mexico, and was convinced the land was ripe for development, noting the planned opening of the Panama Canal. After he left Balboa Island Realty he made a second trip to Mexico in November. Newspaper accounts sated he was working with the Los Angeles firm of Riccardi & Lacy to find land in Guaymas, Mexico. Riccardi was described as someone who specialized in "colonizing European people in new countries". Coffee was helping the firm locate land in Mexico for settling up to 250 Italian families.

1915
 * March, living in Martinez; See.

1916
 * 1916 Mar, founded Glen Arbor lives in Martinez see
 * 1916 Sep, South Ogden, Utah, Sunset Heights Sales Manager see
 * 1916 Sep 4, (20 years ago) developed for agricultural purposes

1917
 * June, living in Ontario, CA? See.
 * 717 S Flower St, Employer: Ville De Paris, Salesman

1918
 * March, L. W. Coffee of Phoenix; See.

Oil Development: Newspaper accounts show that Coffee had organized, and was president of, the Consolidated Oil Development Company. The company had purchased 19,900 acres of land south of Tucson, Arizona. The intent of the operation was to sell land, rather than shares in the oil company. A portion of each acre of land sold would contribute to a drilling fund, and each land owner would share in the profits from any oil or water discovered. In June, 1919, Coffee and the company began selling lots. By July the company had began drilling its first well.
 * 1919 Jun 8, mention of Coffee of LA visiting friends, formerly business in Tucson and Nogales. See.
 * 1919 Jun 8, President of "Consolidated Oil Development Co", drilling in near Tucson. See.
 * 1919 Jun 16, Additional drilling. See.
 * 1919 Jun 23, Additional drilling. See.
 * Book by Hunt; claimed he made and lost several fortunes in Texas.
 * During his days in Desert Hot Springs Coffee claimed he had, "made and lost fourteen fortunes back in Texas", but the particulars of such a fortune are not known.

Southern California
LOS ANGELES
 * In 1919 opened real estate office in LA.
 * 1920 Mar, Planned excursion to Burbank, with Victor Girard: See.

Electric Park: Unlike many towns, where Electric Park was an amusement park, the Los Angeles Electric Park was the name of Coffee's subdivision located at the junction of five trolley lines; four Pacific Electric Railway lines and one Los Angeles Railway line. Coffee's obituary in the Riverside Press Enterprise states that Coffee built 359 homes at Electric Park, ″... at a rate of one completed each day.″ The subdivision was about halfway between Downtown Los Angeles and the San Pedro Harbor. Advertised as ″the path of development″ between the city and the harbor, the phrase would prove prophetic. The residential blocks mentioned in the September 23, 1920 ad for Electric Park, on 116th and 117th streets between Figueroa and Moneta (now Broadway), are today the location of the Harbor Freeway and Century Freeway interchange. The portion of the subdivision west of the Harbor Freeway is in the Vermont Vista neighborhood of Los Angeles, and the eastern portion is in the Broadway-Manchester neighborhood.


 * 1920 Oct, Electric Park, LA
 * Sep 23, Coffee & Stiller, Electric Park at "Athens on the Hill", business at Figueroa and Moneta and residential 116th and 117th: See. USED
 * Moneta renamed Broadway in 1925; See.
 * Oct 11, earliest ad, between Broadway and Figueroa See.
 * Oct 11, working for "Title Insurance and Trust Company" See.
 * Oct 18, List of red car and yellow car lines See.
 * Oct 23, Mentions "South Los Angeles" new town See.
 * Oct 30, Map of Electric Park See.
 * Oct 11, Coffee coordinates with Dover Rice for sales in Santa Maria Valley & Electric Park
 * Nov 1, photo of white building, See.
 * 1924 Apr 3, Last ad mentioning Coffee & Stiller; See.
 * 1924 Jul 9, Possible new town to include Electric Park See.
 * Los Angeles neighborhood map; See.
 * Vermont Vista neighborhood See. USED
 * Broadway-Manchester neighborhood See USED

1921
 * In Grosse bldg See.

Capistrano Beach: In November, 1924, Coffee organized the Capistrano Beach Syndicate. The syndicate purchased three miles of ocean-front land to establish the Capistrano Beach resort and club. They purchased one thousand acres from John and Frank Forster, sons of Marcus A. Forster who had purchased Rancho Boca de la Playa in 1886. In May, Coffee and the sales agent, Joseph Arthur Waldy, staged a large automobile parade through many Southern California cities to advertise the town using the slogan Birth of a City. After the first 200 acre phase was sold, the syndicate voted to replace Coffee with Charles Piers to manage the development.
 * Possible photo of parade
 * photos of Capistrano Beach See.
 * Description of tract in relation to beach See.
 * Description of parade route See.
 * Large ad about live radio at "Birth of a City": See.
 * Ref uses 10,000 acres

LA Office
 * 1927 Apr, Flower Street Income Properties, owned in part b coffee See.
 * 1928 Jan, Photo of Coffee see
 * 1928 Jan, Move to new building from Grosse bldg to Pac Nat Bank on 9th and Hill see
 * 1928 Feb, Part of LA City planning committee. See.

Serra: In May, 1928, L. W. Coffee & Company, Inc. started offering lots for sale in the Serra business district near Capistrano Beach. The lots followed the original town layed out by the Pacific Improvement Company in 1888.
 * See.

Azusa
 * 1929 Feb, Azusa Lawsuit See.

Wheeler Hot Springs: In June, 1929, Coffee started making arrangements to purchase Wheeler Hot Springs in the Ojai Valley of Ventura County. His plan was to form a syndicate of interested businessmen to further develop the hot springs resort, and to subdivide some of the land for homes. By August it was announced that L. W. Coffee and Associates had purchased the hot springs, which he planned to operate under the name Wheeler Hot Springs Corporation. One hundred and twenty acres would be subdivided for developing mountain resort homes. Two months later came the Wall Street Crash of 1929, triggering the Great Depression, and Coffee′s plans did not move forward. By January, 1930, it was announced that Wheelers Hot Springs corporation had been reorganized and the resort was back under control of the Wilcox and Blumberg families, who Coffee had purchased the springs from. Although no longer part of the reorganized business, Coffee's plan to subdivide some of the property for home sites proceeded without him.
 * Additional Wheeler article, See.
 * 1929 Oct, Coffee develops geology skills, See.

1944 Oct 19, Desc of coffees plans (15 years ago)

DHS
 * 1932, Founded DHS [San Francisco obituary.
 * 1955 Aug 15, Closed LA office See.

List of subdivisions managed or sold by L. W. Coffee
Coffee was advertised as the subdivision manager, and/or selling agent, for subdivisions listed below. His biography describes him as the "originator, founder and developer" of Desert Hot Springs.

Clara E. Coffee
In 1897 Coffee married his first wife, Clara Ellen DeVoll (1873–1957), a native of Stockton, California. They had one son in 1904 and named him Lawrence William Coffee Jr. The Coffees made their home in Glen Arbor after 1910, locating on a right angle turn on Glen Arbor Road that locally came to be known as Coffee′s Curve. Clara was appointed Postmaster of Glen Arbor in 1914.

Clara was granted a divorce on October 31, 1921, after claiming her husband had left her and their child in 1915, and failed to provide support. Along with custody of their child, she was awarded their Glen Arbor home near Ben Lomond, California, and $3,000 for care and education of their son.

After their divorce she remained in the Glen Arbor home, keeping the surname Coffee, for the rest of her life. She died four months before Coffee on August 27, 1957 at the age of 83. Their son Lawrence also lived in the home in his final years, and died there in 1997.

1942 Jul 16, discussion of Mr & Mrs L W Coffee jr's garden in Salinas

1993 Aug 4, Interview with L W Coffee Jr See.

Redirects
 * §REDIRECT Lawrence W. Coffee
 * Clara Coffee
 * Clara E. Coffee
 * Categories


 * Category:California postmasters
 * Category:People from Stockton, California
 * Category:People from Santa Cruz County, California
 * Category:1873 births
 * Category:1957 deaths
 * Links:
 * none
 * Disambiguation:
 * Coffee (surname)
 * Clara E. Coffee (1873–1957), first wife of Lawrence E. Coffee
 * Clara (given name)
 * Clara E. Coffee (1873–1957), first wife of Lawrence E. Coffee

Lillian E. Coffee
Coffee married his second wife, Lillian E Selak (1872–1952), in 1921 in Santa Ana, California. Lillian was born May 31, 1872, in Denver, Colorado to Albert and Elizabeth Selak, who had emigrated to the United States from Bohemia. She married her first husband, Richard W. Thomas, in 1888, and they had one daughter, Grace A. Thomas, in 1889. After the couple moved to Humboldt, Arizona, the marriage ended in divorce. Lillian married her second husband, Charles L. Riley, in Los Angeles in 1913, but that marriage also ended in divorce. She then married Coffee on November 21, 1921 in Santa Ana, California. Grace was Lillian′s only child, and in 1908 Grace married Benjamin Mowday, a Deputy Sherriff and Justice of the Peace in Yavapai County, Arizona, who would later serve as a city councilman and mayor of Albany, California.

The Coffees purchased a home in Azusa, California, and when Lawrence established a real estate office in Los Angeles, L. W. Coffee & Company, Inc., Lillian became one of the board members. see

When the city celebrated installed street lights on March 19, 1949, Lillian, referred to as the "Little Queen of Desert Hot Springs", was given the honor of throwing the switch.see see

Lillian was active in the development and promotion of Desert Hot Springs. Upon her death on June 20, 1952, the community paid tribute to her with a lengthy article in the Desert Sentinel. The article recognized her many contributions to the community, and referred to her as, "the power behind the throne of its success". Her remains were interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.

1924 Oct, composed song "Morning Smiles" see

Redirects:
 * §REDIRECT Lawrence W. Coffee
 * Lillian Coffee
 * Lillian E. Coffee
 * Categories:


 * Category:People from Denver, Colorado
 * Category:People from Desert Hot Springs, California
 * Category:American people of Bohemian descent
 * Category:History of Riverside County, California
 * Category:1872 births
 * Category:1952 deaths
 * Links:
 * Desert Hot Springs
 * Riverside County, California
 * Coachella Valley
 * Disambiguation:
 * Coffee (surname)
 * Lillian E. Coffee (1872–1952), second wife of Lawrence E. Coffee
 * Lillian (name)
 * Lillian E. Coffee (1872–1952), second wife of Lawrence E. Coffee

The ″Hermit of Grand Lake″ murder
In 1926 Coffee was credited for solving the murder of the ″Hermit of Grand Lake″ in Grand Lake, Colorado. The ″Hermit″, Fred N. Selak, was Coffee′s brother–in–law. When Coffee and his wife were notified that Fred was missing, they went to Colorado to assist in locating her brother. The two suspects that would confess to Selak′s murder were identified in large part through Coffee′s efforts. The intrigue surrounding the hermit and his wealth made the crime mystery a national story.

Selak lived alone in a small log cabin about 3 miles outside of Grand Lake. Though he lived as a miserly hermit, he was said to have become a man of some means by operating saloons and other businesses during the early development of the Grand Lake area, and was known for lending money to many of the local people. Rumors circulated that Selak had up to $500 thousand stashed on his property. After friends became concerned they had not seen Selak for over a week, they checked on him, found his house had been ransacked, floorboards torn up, and Selak nowhere to be found. An investigation by the local Sherriff was unable to identify any leads.

The two men Coffee helped identify had hanged Selak on July 21 in retaliation related to a fencing dispute. When found on August 17, Selak′s remains were still hanging from the pine tree where he was killed almost a month earlier. Selak′s murderers said they only found $75 and some old coins when they searched Selak′s property. It was the coins that alerted Coffee as to who the perpetrators might be.

The two perpetrators, Arthur Osborn, 22 at the time of the murder, and his cousin, Ray Noakes, 21, were found guilty and given the death penalty. Like the man they killed, they themselves were hanged. They were executed in Cañon City, Colorado on March 30, 1928.


 * See User:OvertAnalyzer/Sandbox5 below.

Cabot Yerxa & Bill Anderson
In 1913 Cabot Yerxa established a homestead in the area of what would become Desert Hot Springs on a promontory he named Miracle Hill, just to the east of a small palm grove that surveyors had previously named Two Bunch Palms. Yerxa hand dug a well to about 30 feet, and found hot mineral water. He dug a second well on the other side of the hill and found a cold water supply. In May, 1917, Yerxa left the desert to join the Army and fight in World War I. After the war Yerxa operated a general store and was a postmaster in Fertilla, north of Blythe, California, until 1924, then traveled extensively in Europe and other locations before settling in Moorpark, California where he operated a retail business.

A. Muller, Yerxa's bookkeeper and clerk, had mentioned Yerxa's hot and cold water discovery to Coffee in several letters. In November, 1932, Coffee stopped in Moorpark, visited his friend Muller, and Muller introduced Coffee to Yerxa. Yerxa encouraged Coffee to visit the area, and provided Coffee with a map and a letter of introduction to Bill Anderson, another homesteader still living in the area. Coffee and his wife Lillian took a train to visit the site a few days later, just before Thanksgiving. Upon arriving at the Garnet station, the couple had to walk several miles through the desert to reach Yerxa's abandoned dwelling, and then to Bill Anderson's home. Anderson told the Coffees of his experience homesteading in the desert, and expressed his interest and thoughts about possibly developing the area. Anderson's excitement convinced Coffee that there were possibilities, if a good source of hot mineral water could be developed.

While Anderson expressed an interest in developing a community, as Coffee learned more, he began to develop the idea of using the hot springs to establish not just a community, but also a world-class health center. Later he would suggest that Desert Hot Springs could be the Baden Baden of America. After spending about 4 weeks studying the area, Coffee was convinced to move forward with development.

The Trust
Coffee's plan was to form a trust with interested landowners in the area. The owners would mutually share in the profits from development of the land. Since most of the landowners had moved away, it took some effort to locate the individuals and to organize the trust, but with Bill Anderson's assistance Coffee was successful, and the trust was formed in about four months time, with The Pioneer Title and Trust Company of San Bernardino as the trustee. The beneficiaries of the trust included early homesteaders Mrs. Lucy P. Milliken-Woods and Willard G. "Bill" Anderson, Aubrey Wardman, who had gained possession of the Ford I. Beebe homestead, and Leo Pierson, who had originally purchased his land from the Southern Pacific Land Company.

In May, 1933, Coffee began drilling to identify a good source of water, and by late 1933 Coffee had began selling 1 acre lots in the new Desert Hot Springs subdivision. By February, 1934, it was announced that construction had been started on the Desert Hot Springs subdivision, which was to include a hot spring bathhouse and plunge,. In April of that year Frank W. and Edith E. Chandler purchased Bill Anderson's interest in the trust. Chandler was a well known dentist who at the time was living in Mentone, California. Chandler was intent on breaking the trust, and Woods and Pierson sided with him. Wardman attempted to convince them to stay in the trust.

Coffee continued developing the subdivision, bathhouse and some guest cottages, but the trust was eventually dissolved in 1936, and the land rights reverted to the original owners. Bill Anderson died in an automobile accident on Dec 28, 1937, and Chandler's interest in the trust was not resolved until 1938, at which time Coffee had to relinquish any interest he had in the trust. After the dissolution, Chandler purchased an additional 80 acres of the Woods tract, which included the original bathhouse and cottages that Coffee had already built. Given that Coffee was not one of the original owners of the trust land, Coffee no longer had any control or financial interest in the development.

Aubrey Wardman
William John Aubrey Wardman (1877–1962) was a prominent businessman from Whittier, California. Wardman worked his way up in the local phone company, and eventually purchased controlling interest in both the Whittier and Downey telephone companies. In 1919 he invested in the Santa Fe Springs, California oil fields making him even wealthier, and during the depression years he started purchasing citrus groves and eventually owned over 1500 acres. Wardman was said to have obtained the Ford I. Beebe desert homestead through payment of a debt.

With the end of the trust in 1938, development activity in Desert Hot springs ceased. Coffee said his hope for building a great health center in the area had "gone down about 90 per cent", until early 1939 when Aubrey Wardman proposed to Coffee that they use Wardman's land and financing to start over. Coffee immediately agreed and signed a contract with Wardman to manage the project. Shortly afterwards, Leo Pierson sold 280 acres of his land to Wardman, and Wardman purchased another 320 acres, including Yerxa's holdings.

By January, 1940, Coffee had everything in place to begin selling lots. By January 1941 the foundation for the first commercial bathhouse was started, and on July 12th a grand opening of the new bathhouse (Palm Dr and 8th St) and facilities drew 3,000 people. Interest and sales continued to increase until December 7, 1941, when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor triggering U.S. involvement in World War II. Sales and construction nearly ceased at the start of the war, but slowly picked up until the original subdivision was sold out by the fall of 1943.

In June, 1951, Coffee purchased Wardman's remaining interest in Desert Hot Springs, and Wardman announced his retirement from further development in the town.

Wardmans:
 * USED
 * 
 * 

Redirects:
 * §REDIRECT Lawrence W. Coffee
 * Aubrey Wardman
 * Gus Wardman
 * William John Aubrey Wardman
 * Categories:


 * Category:People from Ontario
 * Category:People from Whittier, California
 * Category:People from Desert Hot Springs, California
 * Category:American people of Canadian descent
 * Category:History of Riverside County, California
 * Category:1877 births
 * Category:1961 deaths
 * Links:
 * Desert Hot Springs
 * Riverside County, California
 * Coachella Valley
 * List of people from Whittier, California
 * Whittier College
 * Whittier, California
 * Disambiguation:
 * Wardman
 * Aubrey Wardman (1877–1961), businessperson and cofounder of Desert Hot Springs, California
 * Aubrey
 * Aubrey Wardman (1877–1961), businessperson and cofounder of Desert Hot Springs, California

Coffee Contributions
PO Costs for first 2 years. (Hunt p. 109) Donated land for Baptist, Catholic and Methodist churches, Arroyo park, and Fire station.

Bill Anderson died in an automobile accident Dec 28, 1937. See. See.

Became official when map was filed in 1940.See.

1974: "Desert hot springs Why" articles

 * 0: Feb 14, Prelude USED


 * 1: Feb 21,


 * 2: Feb 28,


 * 3: Mar 7,


 * 4: Mar 14, USED


 * 5: Mar 21, USED


 * 6: Mar 28, USED


 * 7: Apr 4, USED


 * 8: Apr 11,
 * 9: Apr 18,
 * 10: Apr 25,
 * 11: May 2,
 * 12: May 9,
 * 13: May 16,
 * 14: May 30,
 * 15: Jun 27,
 * 16: Jul 4,
 * 17: Jul 18,
 * 18: Jul 25,
 * 19: Aug 1,

Trust members:

 * Leo Pierson (purchased from Southern Pacific Land Company), erected home of stone near railway, moved to Hollywood xx
 * 1936 Dec 10 purchased 180 acres by Desert Springs Holding Co, A. Wardman
 * Mrs. Lucy P Milliken (Walter) Woods (5/20/1920), moved to Hollywood xx
 * Mr. Ford I. Beebe (1/13/1921), lost homestead through financial difficulties, possibly moved to Hollywood
 * A Wardman xx
 * Willard G. "Bill" Anderson (11/11/1926) (one of two living in DHS when Coffee arrived) xx
 * Frank W Chandler bought Anderson's interest. Chandler died Apr 8, 1947.
 * Mrs. Edith E. Chandler, took possession in 1938

Other Homesteaders in the area:
 * Otto A. Dixon (5/4/1917)
 * Cabot Abram Yerxa (2/7/1918)
 * Robert V. Carr (11/1/1915)
 * Ira S. Chapman (6/18/1925)
 * Michael "Mike" Driscoll (9/11/1928) (one of two living in DHS area when Coffee arrived, no indication he was part of trust)
 * Frank C. Haughton (3/29/1930)
 * Otto Fred Opperman (1/6/1965)

Timeline
Undated sources
 * Timeline Timeline

1932 Nov: Timeline: L.W. Coffee meets Cabot Yerxa who was then operating a grocery store in Moorpark, Ventura County, California. A. Muller, Yerxa's bookkeeper introduced them. (19740221)
 * 1932 Coffee was introduced to Cabot Yerxa through a mutual friend in 1932. Yerxa told Coffee of his discovery of hot mineral water on his homestead north of Palm Springs. A short time later Coffee visited the area, and began developing a vision of of a new town devoted to health and wellness.


 * 1932 Nov (source says 1931): Visited W. B. Anderson (s/b W. G. Anderson) homestead, and decided then to build city. (19490930)

1933 Quote: Coffee organizes a trust whose beneficiaries are the various owners in the area that would become Desert Hot Springs. He begins to drill for water, leasing a small drilling rig and hiring Earl Howard, "a real well driller." Drilling proceeded from early May to late June, when they had "about 65 feet of water in the well at a temperature of 140°. The weather was warm, I was not accoustomed [sic] to it, so all activities ceased until November of the same year." Eventually the well was extended to a depth of 333 feet. (Timeline)

1934 Sep 1, DHS opened to public USED

1934 Sep 1, Coffee place the first advertisement for the opening of Desert Hot Springs. See.

1935 Sep 27, Coffees Mineral Springs, Frank Chandler recently buys part interest, lists mineral content of water See.

1935 Sep 27, Coffee's Hot Mineral Bath ad

1936 Apr 10, Chandler acquires in interest in Coffee Mineral Springs, list trust members, USED

1936 Dec 19, Leo Pierson sells land to Desert Springs Holding Co

1937 Timeline: Cabot Yerxa returns to DHS. He begins to build his pueblo in 1939 and continues working on it until his death in 1965.

1937 Jan 2, New York group to develop DHS

1938 Timeline: Coffee's trust falls apart after 5 years of litigation (nothing ever changes!). Everything halts.

1938 Nov 18, Coffee relinquishes rights to property to L.S.B. Ritchie USED

1940
 * 1940 Plat map recorded in 1940 laying out Cabin Sites. (19490930)
 * 1940 Coffee starts over by resurveying the area. Sells the first house lots at $95, taking a loss on every one. He builds a tank house containing an ordinary household bath tub at Palm Drive and Eighth. Due to the great demand he then builds a temporary concrete tub outside. (Timeline)


 * 1940 Aug 24, A. Wardman buys property from Marion T. Pierson

1940 Dec 13, Coffee subdivider, auto court and motels

1941 Timeline: Coffee builds and opens the first commercial bath house; 120 feet long, separate men's and women's sections. More than 2000 people show up for the grand opening on July 12 and partied until 2:30 AM. At the time Desert Hot Springs consists of only 1 cafe and less than a score of homes.

1941 Jul 7, DHS cabin sites, Coffee subdivider

1941 Jul 10, DHS Grand opening Jul 12th,

1941 Jul 11, Wardman tract opening, street lights to turn on Jul 12th,

1941 Jul 14, 3000 people at grand opening, white race only, plaque dedicated

1942 Apr 4, DHS first sunrise service

1945 Jan 25, Large add for Tract #3 with photo and description of town

1945 Feb 16, Tanner Motor Stage Company, 45 lots sold in Tract #3

1945 Feb 23, Article describing DHS, Wardman, and Coffee

1945 Mar 30, land donated for school

1945 Apr 6, 4th annual Easter Sunrise Service on Miracle Hill

1945 Jul 31, Chamber of Commerce formed and

1946 Jun 28, 4th of July celebration planned, fire fund, 2 bunch palms "worlds worst desert resort"

1946 oct 11, Fiesta Del Desierto (oct 1 -12), fire fund and

1946 Dec 10, Tract #5,

1947 Jan, Fire, $40,000, lack or fire dept. cited and

1947 Jan 24, rebuild soon, Coffee to meet with architects

1947 Apr 11, new $25K bath house to be built, target July 1 and

1947 May 23, Health first before sports and recreation

1947 Jun 13, Baptist church ground breaking

1947 Jul 22, Plaque commemorated

1947 Jul 29, Coffee donated lot for Methodist church

1947 Oct 24, second annual Fiesta del Desierto

1947 Dec 2, bathhouse to be completed by first of 1948

1848 Jan 8, Article by Coffee published in the Sentinel

1948 Mar 18, Find Desert Sentinel article on Wardman

1948 Oct 1, Coffee donated land for Catholic church

1948 Nov 30, Forms DHS realtor group

1949 Mar 18, Street lights, Easter sunrise services

1949 Sep 30, 49r celebration, map filed in 1940 made name official

1950 Apr 28, Therapeutic Pool added. 

1951 Mar 8, 11th annual Easter sunrise

1951 Jun 8, Coffee buys Wardman's interest in DHS USED

1951 Jun 28, tracts 4 and 6 open

1951 Jul 19: First Cabot Yerxa article, also 10 year DHS anniversary article. 

1951 Jul 26: mentions MacCargers

1951 Sep 6: Article honoring Wardman and discussing Coffee's book. Wardman retires. 

1952 Jan 31: In 1952 Coffee and his wife formed the L. W. and Lillian Coffee Foundation. The intent of the foundation was to help ensure the continuity of Desert Hot Springs after the Coffees were gone. Some of the profits from the bathhouse they developed would go to the town, and ownership of the bathhouse, along with other properties, would go to the town upon their deaths. See also

1952 Feb 7: Flood Control Dispute

1952 Apr 10; Angel View Park, Formed in 1947, deeded to Athletic Association 1951

1952 Apr 17; Easter sunrise at Angel View Park;

1952 Jun 12; Coffee announces additions to bath house and reasons for foundation

1952 Jun 22; Lillian Coffee obituary

1952 Jun 26; Lillian - Power behind the throne

1952 Oct 16; Coffee starts major sales campaign

1952 Oct 23; TV advertising; Baden-Baden of America

1952 Nov 2: By 1952 Desert Hot Springs was being billed as, "The fastest growing health center in the world."

1952 Nov 6; Additional Advertising campaign discussed

1952 Nov 27; More Advertising

1953 Jan 13; Coffee remarries

1953 Mar 12; largest subdivision in Riverside County history

1953 Apr 6; approval given for new subdivision to double size of DHS

1953 Aug 20; Coffees sister dies

1953 Sep 3; Coffee in Alhambra hospital for surgery

1953 Oct 8; Coffee recovers using "healing waters", and progress on major subdivision

1953 Nov 12; Discussion of water for Coffee's new project

1953 Dec 17; Coffee conflict with water board on new subdivision

1954 Feb 5; Desert Hot springs rated "Health city"

1954 Feb 11; DHS top spot in county for building permits

1954 Mar 15; Elected president of rotarians

1954 May 13; Ball park sold by coffee for only $1000 to community. 

1954 Jun 17; Additional subdivisions

1954 Jul 15; KPAL radio broadcast

STOPPED HERE, START 1954, Newspapers.com

1954: Moved to DHS in 1954.

1955 Aug 17, Coffee described DHS development plans See.

1956 Jul 26; Desert Hot Springs 10 years old, lists years tracts were opened, praises Lawrence & Lillian Coffee, part of article missing

1968: By 1968 over 100 wells had been drilled.

Bathhouse and health center
A major part of Coffee's vision for Desert Hot Springs was to develop a "health" community. Coffee saw the hot mineral water as a natural resource that had healing powers and ... "include quote here" ... When he initially formed the Desert Hot Springs trust, Coffee's first effort was to build a bathhouse, which at the time was primarily a plunge or swimming pool. After the trust was dissolved, Coffee lost control of the original bathhouse, but with the formation of his new enterprise with Aubrey Wardman, Coffee built a new bathhouse that included ... The new bathhouse was a wooden structure, and burned down in 1947 after a fire started in the laundry. After the fire Coffee quickly rebuilt the bathhouse, but used cement, stucco and tile, rather than wood. Over time he continued to expand the bathhouse promoting the health benefits of its waters. Initially known as the "Desert Hot Springs Mineral Baths", he renamed the bathhouse "Coffee's Mineral Baths" after he purchased Wardman's interest in Desert Hot Springs.

First bathhouse built in 1941 was a wooden structure.

Destroyed by fire in Jan 1947. see

Include quote on dedicatory tablet in Community Book? see also

Coffee and his wife developed a bathhouse in

Opening of Bathhouse - whites only

Background on bathhouse and remodel

Installation of Plaque at Bathhouse.

Coffee / Wardman business relationship.

Riverside County Hot Springs

Final years
After the 1952 death of Coffee′s second wife, Lillian, Coffee married Anna Jean Mosher of Santa Barbara, California about six months after the death of his second wife Lillian. It was Anna′s first marriage. The couple sold the Azusa residence and moved to Desert Hot Springs full time in January, 1953. The two continued promoting the community and the health benefits of its mineral spring waters.

Coffee died on December 27, 1957 after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage on October 14th. His remains were interred at the Forest Lawn Cemetery in Glendale alongside his second wife Lillian. His obituary in the Los Angeles Times noted he was an Honorary life member of Rotary International, and he was a founding member of the Desert Hot Springs Rotary Club. He was also a member of the California Chamber of Commerce, the Los Angeles Realty Board, and the Danish Lutheran Church, and while living in San Francisco, had been a Knights of the Maccabees member.

Categories, Links, etc (not part of article)
Redirect:
 * L. W. Coffee
 * Lawrence Coffee
 * Jean Mosher
 * Most of the subdivision names on the table should be redirected here.

Categories:


 * Category:Desert Hot Springs, California
 * Category:American real estate businesspeople
 * Category:American people of Danish descent
 * Category:People from Bornholm
 * Category:People from Desert Hot Springs, California
 * Category:People from Tuolumne County, California
 * Category:People from Santa Cruz County, California
 * Category:People from Azusa, California
 * Category:History of Contra Costa County, California
 * Category:History of Orange County, California
 * Category:History of Riverside County, California
 * Category:History of Santa Cruz County, California
 * Category:History of Los Angeles, California
 * Category:Rønne
 * Category:1876 births
 * Category:1957 deaths
 * Category:American Lutherans
 * Category:Danish Lutherans
 * Category:Rotary International
 * Category:Knights of the Maccabees

Links:
 * Aubrey Wardman (create page?)


 * Balboa Island
 * By 1911, discouragement permeated the island, and owners left, tired of inadequate services. Neglected homes dotted the island, and lot prices fell to as little as $325.
 * Add: ... In 1912 Lawrence W. Coffee, from the San Francisco area was brought in to manage sales. Coffee advertised and sponsored many free excursions to the island to entice prospective buyers. In May Coffee made arrangements to display Glenn Martin's hydroplane which had recently set an over–water record flying from Balboa Island to Santa Catalina Island and back. Also in May Coffee opened the company′s first branch office in Southern California′s Inland Empire region in San Bernardino. By July he had made arrangements for a special train from Redlands and San Bernardino that could accommodate 1,000 people, but left for other opportunities before the end of the year.


 * Ben Lomond, California (add notable people)
 * Clara E. Coffee wife of Lawrence and original postmaster of Glen Arbor
 * Lawrence W. Coffee original developer and an early resident of Glen Arbor


 * Bornholm
 * in "Business" section of "Notable Residents"
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876 in Rønne – 1957), California real estate developer and founder of Desert Hot Springs, California, baptized in Rønne Lorents Wilhelm Peter Kofod, emigrated to U.S. at age of 6


 * Broadway-Manchester, Los Angeles
 * See also
 * Electric Park tract subdivided by Lawrence W. Coffee


 * Cabot's Pueblo Museum (include new section for Cabot Yerxa and his association with Coffee)
 * Cabot was instrumental in founding the town of Desert Hot Springs. He met with Lawrence W. Coffee in November, 1932, in Monrovia, California, where Cabot operated a retail establishment. Cabot described to Coffee the hot and cold water aquifers he had discovered on his homestead in desert. This sparked Coffee′s interest in the area, and ultimately lead to Coffee founding Desert Hot Springs in 1941.


 * Capistrano Beach, Dana Point, California
 * The Capistrano Beach resort and Beach Club was founded in 1925 by the Capistrano Beach Syndicate, formed by Lawrence W. Coffee. The syndicate purchased three miles of beach-front land from John and Frank Forster, sons of Marcus Forster. In May, Coffee and the sales agent, J. A. Waldy, staged a large automobile parade through many Southern California cities to advertise the town using the slogan Birth of a City.


 * Dana Point, California
 * Lead by Lawrence W. Coffee, Capistrano Beach was founded and subdivided in 1925 by the Capistrano Beach Syndicate.


 * Desert Hot Springs
 * Current paragraphs reads: According to early homesteader and writer Cabot Yerxa in his newspaper columns published in The Desert Sentinel newspaper, the first homesteader in the area of the city of Desert Hot Springs was Hilda Maude Gray, who staked her claim in 1908.[13][14] Cabot Yerxa arrived in 1913 and soon discovered the hot water aquifer on Miracle Hill. Due to the Mission Creek Branch of the San Andreas Fault bisecting the area, one side is a cold water aquifer, the other has a hot water aquifer. His large Pueblo Revival Style architecture structure, hand built over 20 years, is now one of the oldest adobe-style buildings in Riverside County and houses Cabot's Pueblo Museum, designated a state historical site after his death in 1965. Cabot's Trading Post & Gallery opened there in February 2008.
 * The town was founded by L. W. Coffee on July 12, 1941. The original town site was centered at the intersection of Palm Drive and Pierson Boulevard and was only one square mile. Coffee chose the name Desert Hot Springs because of the area's natural hot springs.
 * New paragraphs:


 * Desert Hot Springs (thermal mineral springs)
 * Current paragraph reads: Later, in 1913, the homesteader, Cabot Abram Yerxa settled there, and he described the springs at Two Bunch Palms and at Seven Palms in his book, On the Desert Since 1913, and called the area Miracle Hill.[9] In the 1930s, Yerxa and fellow homesteader Bob Carr began developing the area, and in 1941 opened a bathhouse.[6] The area was later heavily developed with spa resorts and came to be known as the "Mineral Water Capital of the World".[10]
 * New paragraphs:


 * Electric Park (disambiguation)
 * Electric Park, a 1920 Los Angeles tract subdivided by Lawrence W. Coffee


 * Grand Lake, Colorado
 * Already in article, add link


 * Homewood, California
 * In 1907 Lawrence W. Coffee, with the San Francisco–based J. W. Wright & Company real estate firm, established the Sans Souci Heights subdivision; Sans souci meaning "without concern", or "carefree". Coffee coordinated excursions to visit the area, offering half–acre lots for $350 to $600.
 * Disambiguation Page: Sans souci
 * Sans Souci Heights, a subdivision of Homewood, California


 * Hudson & O'Brien (create stub page for aviators?)


 * List of burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale) (C)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), a California real estate developer and founder of Desert Hot Springs, California
 * Lillian E. Coffee (1872–1952), wife of Lawrence W. Coffee, and Desert Hot Springs, California city promoter


 * List of Danish Americans (Other)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), a California real estate developer and founder of Desert Hot Springs, California


 * List of people from Oakland, California (Business People and Industrialists)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), a California real estate developer and founder of Desert Hot Springs, California


 * List of people from Palm Springs, California (Coachella Valley residents; Desert Host Springs)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), a California real estate developer and founder of Desert Hot Springs, California


 * List of Riverside County, California, placename etymologies
 * Desert Hot Springs: Write description


 * List of Rotarians (C)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), a California real estate developer and founder of Desert Hot Springs, California


 * Palm Springs, California
 * Add link.


 * Pullman, Richmond, California
 * The residential subdivision of the Pullman development was named the Pullman–Pueblo tract. The Pullman company worked with several realtors to sell lots in the subdivision, including Lawrence. W. Coffee, with J. W. Wright & Company, who had developed the first subdivision in Richmond, Soito′s First Addition. To emphasize the development in the Richmond area, Coffee advertised Richmond as "The Pittsburgh of the West".


 * Richmond, California
 * The city of Richmond was carved out of Rancho San Pablo, a Mexican era land grant from which the nearby town of San Pablo inherited its name. In 1823 Mexican Governor Luís Antonio Argüello gave a 17939 acre land grant to Francisco María Castro (1775–1831), a former soldier at the San Francisco Presidio and one–time alcalde of the Pueblo of San José. Legal title to the land was not confirmed until 1834, three years after Castro′s death, and after Castro had left half the land to his wife, and the other half divided between his ten children.
 * Confusion surrounding the post–death land confirmation, contested family wills, later land sales by Castro′s heirs, and squatters who moved into the area created ownership uncertainty. Consequently Richmond was developed later than surrounding towns. A number of lawsuits and counter suits resulted in what was dubbed The Great Land Case, which resulted in over 250 claimants, and 40 years of litigation. Claims were finally resolved in August, 1893, when all claims were finalized in the case of Emeric v. Alvarado. Once ownership claims were settled, development in Richmond proceeded more quickly. Some of the first housing subdivisions were offered in 1907 by Lawrence W. Coffee with J. W. Wright & Company. The Soito′s Addition and Emeric subdivisions, named for two of the awarded claimants in the land dispute, were followed by Central Richmond in 1909 and the Pullman–Pueblo tract in 1910.
 * Redirects:
 * The Great Land Case
 * The Great Land Case of 1893
 * Emeric v. Alvarado


 * South Ogden, Utah
 * In September, 1916, the first subdivision in the future city was Sunset Heights, named for the Sunset station on the Salt Lake and Ogden Railway. It was developed by the Davis and Weber Land Company, with sales managed by Lawrence W. Coffee.


 * Timeline of Oakland, California
 * 1909
 * Rock Ridge Terrace subdivision established by Lawrence W. Coffee


 * Topanga, California
 * In the 1920s, Topanga Canyon became a weekend getaway for Hollywood stars with several cottages built for that purpose.
 * In 1925 J. A. Waldy and Lawrence W. Coffee subdivided and started selling the Fernwood Park tract.


 * Vermont Vista, Los Angeles
 * See also
 * Electric Park tract subdivided by Lawrence W. Coffee


 * Wheeler Springs, California
 * Move to new paragraph: Webb Wilcox, Blumberg′s son-in-law, became the new owner and manager, and renamed the resort Wheeler Hot Springs. ...
 * In March, 1927, Wilcox sold the resort to Wheelers Hot Springs, Inc., headed by R. J. Just. Wilcox retained a twelfth interest and remained actively involved in resort operations. The new corporation intended to spend up to $500 thousand to build a new health-focused facility, or sanatorium, at the hot springs, while also retaining the recreational component. The plans were never realized. Two years later, Lawrence W. Coffee, who would later found Desert Hot Springs,California, formed a syndicate to purchase the facility with plans to expand the resort, and to subdivide a portion of the land for home development. Two months later the Wall Street Crash of 1929 occurred, triggering the Great Depression, and Coffee′s plans did not move forward either.

Disambiguation:
 * Coffee (surname)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), founder of Desert Hot Springs, California


 * Lawrence (given name) (Other)
 * Lawrence W. Coffee (1876–1957), founder of Desert Hot Springs, California

Projects:
 * {WikiProjectBannerShell|1=
 * {WikiProject California|class=B|importance=low |southerncalifornia=yes |southerncalifornia-importance=mid|inland-empire=yes |inland-empire-importance=mid}}
 * {WikiProject Biography |class =B|living =no |needs-infobox=no |needs-photo =no |listas =Coffee, Lawrence William}}
 * }

Templates:

Hook

 * ...that the man who founded Desert Hot Springs, California, Lawrence W. Coffee, was born on the island of Bornholm in Denmark?
 * ...that the man who founded Desert Hot Springs, California, Lawrence W. Coffee, helped solve The Hermit of Grand Lake murder mystery?
 * ...that the man who founded Desert Hot Springs, California, Lawrence W. Coffee, was born in Bornholm, Denmark, and helped solve "The Hermit of Grand Lake" murder mystery in Colorado?

To Do

 * Review Desert Magazine
 * Review other sources
 * Add remaining links to newspaper.com clippings.
 * Remove temporary links to Geneaology.com
 * Specialized in resorts?
 * Emphasis on health resort?
 * Most often shown as L. W. Coffee.
 * Final check on use of "agency" and "work" (replace with magazine)
 * Insert Convert template where needed; acres, feet, miles, etc.
 * Final check on uses of ' (apostrophe) and other punctuation
 * L W Coffee Jr, marriages, but no children

Hold
Pittsburgh of the west.

1893 Aug, Disputed land settled including Richmond (Emeric and Soito). See.

1907 Prior to earthquake J. W. Wright located at 2448 california st

1910 Richmond Monoplane built by Clifton O'Brien and J. W. Hudson promotional event See See see aviation exposition exposition2

1909 Land speculation for cement plant development see

1911 Best known real estate man on the west coast see

1911 File batter charges against B. C. Wilson see

1911 BBQ with Odd Fellows see

1912 Balboa Island to Catalina aviation record:
 * More detail of Martin's trip: See.
 * More detail of Martin's trip: See.

1912 Opens office in SB for Balboa Island realty see

1912 Special train with over 1000 passengers schedule to Balboa Island from SB

Mexico:

1912 Sep, Visits Mexico, one month in Sonora, still with Balboa, includes photo, See.

1912 Nov, Returns to Mexico, "formerly with Balboa", arranging to to open 24,000 acres. See.

1912 Nov, Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico. See.

1912 Dec, Explore Mexico, associated with Riccardi & Lacy in LA, looking to place 250 Italian families See.

1912 Nov, Coffee leaves Balboa realty goes to Mexico to sell land see

1911 Return from selling campaign see]

1912 Takes tour to Sonora, Mexico (includes photo of Coffee) see

OTHER:

Description of tract near river. See.

1909 May 22, Opening of Glen Arbor. See.

Citations for external section
Add to Grand Lake, Colorado article.

Fred Selak murder, ″The Hermit of Grand Lake″
Frederick Nicholas Selak (1865–1926) was an early pioneer of the Grand Lake area. He operated a stage line with his brother as well as saloons and other businesses in the early days of Grand Lake. When he died he owned 300 acres of land in and around Grand Lake as well as interest in two mining operations.

In 1926 Selak lived alone in a small log cabin about 3 miles outside of Grand Lake. He was referred to as a hermit, but was known to have loaned money to locals, and rumored to have stashed up to $500 thousand on his property. After friends became concerned they had not seen Selak for over a week, they checked on him, found his house had been ransacked, floorboards torn up, and Selak nowhere to be found. An investigation by the local Sherriff was unable to identify any leads. The intrigue surrounding the hermit and his wealth made the crime mystery a national story. An article in True Detective Mysteries magazine described the crime in the June, 1930 issue. The article had the title Echo Mountain′s Hanging Spectre and was written by A. G. Gertz of The Denver Post.

Selak's sister in California, and her husband, Lillian and Lawrence W. Coffee, were notified when Selak went missing. The two traveled to Colorado to assist in locating her brother. Lawrence Coffee assisted with the investigation, and was credited for helping identify the two suspects that would later confess to Selak′s murder.

The two men had hanged Selak July 21 as retaliation related to a fencing dispute. When found on August 17, Selak′s remains were still hanging from the pine tree where he was killed almost a month earlier. Selak′s murderers said they only found $75 and some old coins when they searched Selak′s property. It was the coins that alerted Coffee as to who the perpetrators might be. Rumors of the hidden cash persisted. In March, 1927, convinced there must be more valuables or cash stashed somewhere on the property, the townspeople planned a search of his property as soon as the snow cleared.

The two perpetrators, Arthur Osborn, 22 at the time of the murder, and his cousin, Ray Noakes, 21, were found guilty and given the death penalty. Like the man they killed, they themselves were hanged. They were executed in Cañon City, Colorado on March 30, 1928.

Redirects:
 * §REDIRECT Grand Lake, Colorado
 * Frederick N. Selak
 * Hermit of Grand Lake
 * The Hermit of Grand Lake
 * The Hermit of Grand Lake murder
 * Categories:


 * Category:Grand Lake, Colorado
 * Category:Crimes in Colorado
 * Fred N. Selak
 * Categories:


 * Category:Grand Lake, Colorado
 * Category:1926 murders in the United States
 * Category:Lynching deaths in Colorado
 * Category:American hermits
 * Category:1865 births
 * Category:1926 deaths
 * Links:
 * List of lynching victims in the United States
 * Selak, Fred N. || 61 || White || Grand Lake || Grand || Colorado || 1926 || None || Murdered in part because of a fencing dispute, but also to steal money thought to be stashed on his property.
 * Disambiguation:
 * Selak
 * Template
 * x{Lynching in the United States}} (Group2)
 * Fred N. Selak (1926)
 * Fred N. Selak (1926)


 * Arthur A. Osborn
 * Arthur Alonzo Osborn
 * Arthur Osborn
 * Categories:


 * Category:People executed by Colorado by hanging
 * Category:Executed people from Colorado
 * Category:20th-century executions by Colorado
 * Category:20th-century executions of American people
 * Category:American people executed for murder
 * Category:1905 births
 * Category:1928 deaths
 * Links
 * Add to List of people executed in Colorado
 * Disambiguation
 * §Arthur Osborn (1905–1928), Murdered Frederick N. Selak, the Hermit of Grand Lake, Colorado
 * Arthur (disambiguation)
 * Osborn (surname)


 * Raymond Noakes
 * Ray Noakes
 * Categories:


 * Category:People executed by Colorado by hanging
 * Category:Executed people from Colorado
 * Category:20th-century executions by Colorado
 * Category:20th-century executions of American people
 * Category:American people executed for murder
 * Category:1906 births
 * Category:1928 deaths
 * Links
 * Add to List of people executed in Colorado
 * Disambiguation
 * §Raymond Noakes (1906–1928), Murdered Frederick N. Selak, the Hermit of Grand Lake, Colorado
 * Raymond include in section "Given Name"
 * Noakes

Hudson & O'Brien (aviators)
Title of proposed article: Hudson & O'Brien

John W. Hudson and Clifton O'Brien were early inventor aviators from San Francisco, California.

January 1, 1909, Hudson & O'Brien working on plane north of Stege in Contra Costa County. See.

June 20, 1909, John W. Hudson & Clifton O'Brien, members Pacific Aero Club Los Angeles, Bi-plane 40x6, wheels with automatic balance, 35-37 HP. See.

Dec 15, 1909, C. O'Brien and J. W. Hudson plan to participate in Pacific Aero Club event. See.

Dec 21, 1909; San Franciscan in SF built flying machine hope to be the first to cross bay to Oakland. 36 long 28 wide, 600 lbs, chassis of white spruce braced with ribbon of steel mounted on bicycle wheels. Wings (planes) white spruce with varnished muslin. 125 Beale St, $3,000, plan similar to Bleriot design, engine is their own design. plan to build factory in SF to build engines. Engines weight about 124 pounds and generate 36 HP. (existing average 24 HP and weight 250 pounds) Indludes more detail about engine. See.

December 23, 1909; worked 2 years on design. 38 feet wing span. Engine weighs 124 lbs. Speed of 70 MPH. Fuel tank 10 hour trip. 100 mile flight before christmas. See.

December 23, 1909; 1,500 revolutions per minute. Much the same as others, but includes photo.

December 24, 1909; First flight planned, but delayed delay in assembling and broken wheel. 7-cylinder rotary engine eliminates flywheel. See. See.

December 28, 1909; More details of plane See.

December 28, 1909; referred to as "gyroscopic aeroplane See.

December 28, 1909: 1000 mile trip expected See.

December 28, 1909; design prevents machine from "turning turtle" (turning over or capsizing) See.

December 29, 1909; Detailed description of attempts on the previous day. Failure attributed to lack of smooth runway. Photos included. See.

Dec 29, 1909; 4-cylindar disigned by Hudson. Assisted by W. A. Ross, S. Blumenthol, j. Larkin and R. C. Higgens. See.

Dec 29, 1909; detailed description of events. See.

January 25, 1910 at Point Richmond: second attempt to fly monoplane also failed. Crashed into a telegraph poles severely damaging the wings, framework and engine. See

March 1, 1910; New flight planned for March 6. Free exhibition. Claimed two successful flights in private. L. W. Coffee promoting. See.

March 3, 1910; Photos of Hudson, Obrien, Coffee and monoplane. Details of plane and comparison to others. See.

March 6, 1910, at Central Richmond tract: Five-cylinder rotary motor. Cylinder head blew off. L. W. Coffee Manager. 2,000 people gathered. See.
 * Clifford O'Brien and J. W. Hudson. 5,000 people attended. Claimed "lightest plane ever constructed", 25 feet long by 26 feet wide, 5 cylinder, 80 pound motor, 36 horsepower, 7 foot propeller, resembles Bleriot aeroplane, except triangular instead of square framework, each wing 12 sq ft of space. 350 pounds when fully tank of gasoline and wings attached, one third the weight of Paulhan at Tanforan. See.

June 30, 1910; Contest from Emeryville to SF. Cliff O'Brien one of the contestants. See.

Other sources:
 * Clifford O'Brien
 * List of Hudson & O'Brien planes
 * Adams-Farwell Rotary Engine

Links:
 * Lawrence W. Coffee

Redirects: Hudson & O'Brien monoplane Hudson & O'Brien biplane
 * Hudson and O'Brien
 * O'Brien & Hudson
 * O'Brien and Hudson
 * Clifton O'Brien
 * Clifford O'Brien
 * J. W. Hudson
 * John W. Hudson

Photos:
 * Photo of monoplane
 * Photo with L. W. Coffee

Cabot Yerxa
Archive of donation to Berkeley:
 * Original page:
 * Wikipedia page: Gopherus
 * Mentioned in article:
 * Found on Carr Ranch?

1939, Feb 13:
 * Louis Sobol’s “New York Cavalcade” column included communications he had with Cabot Yerxa on life in the desert. The following comes from Sobol’s “American Cavacade,” published in the February 13, 1939, edition of San Francisco Examiner and relating his visit to the B-Bar-H Ranch near Cabot’s homestead.
 * Also see

Mesaville
33.6942°N, -114.6499°W