User:Paju~enwiki/Sand1

Testing adding countries / Template Covid-19 testing
 

National public health institutes (NPHI)

 * create articles
 * also regional organications like Africa CDC, see fi:Africa CDC
 * check + update WD item + sources + web pages
 * does institute have COVID_19 status page - total in country, regions/states, map? If so, collect link, consider adding this link to !
 * List of NPHI's in Europe, Africa, Asia, Americas, ... - create missing ones, like
 * fi:Sambian kansanterveyslaitos, i.e. Zambia National Public Health Institute (ZNPHI)
 * fi:Tansanian kansallinen lääketieteellinen tutkimuslaitos, i.e. National Institute for Medical Research (Tanzania) (NIMR)

List of IANPHI members, from article International Association of National Public Health Institutes

 * change as links, instead of external links, add min. source (also 1-2 non-institutional ones if possible), for each red link

Full Members

 * organisoi sorttaavaksi listaksi maanosittain?
 * organisoi alapalkiksi tms mallineeksi

List of known NPHI / Europe

 * 1) Albania: Public Health Institute
 * 2) Belgium: Sciensano
 * 3) Croatia: Croatian Institute for Public Health
 * 4) Czech Republic: National Institute of Public Health
 * 5) Denmark: National Institute of Public Health (Statens Institut for Folkesundhed) National Institute of Public Health
 * 6) England: Public Health England
 * 7) Estonia: National Institute for Health and Development
 * 8) Finland: National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)
 * 9) France: French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS)
 * 10) Georgia: Georgia National Center for Disease Control and Public Health (NCDC)
 * 11) Germany: Robert Koch Institute
 * 12) Iceland: The Directorate of Health
 * 13) Ireland: The Institute of Public Health in Ireland
 * 14) Italy: National Institute of Health
 * 15) Macedonia: Republic Institute for Health Protection
 * 16) Moldova: National Center of Public Health
 * 17) Netherlands: Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
 * 18) Norway: General National Institute of Public Health
 * 19) Poland : National Institute of Public Health
 * 20) Portugal: Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
 * 21) Portugal: National Institute of Health INSA
 * 22) Russia, see Asia
 * 23) Serbia: Institute of Public Health of Serbia
 * 24) Slovenia: Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia
 * 25) Spain: Carlos III Health Institute
 * 26) Sweden: National Institute of Public Health
 * 27) Ukraine: Public Health Center of Ukraine
 * 28) Wales: Public Health Wales

List of known NPHI / Asia

 * 1) Afghanistan: Afghan Public Health Institute
 * 2) Armenia: National Center for Disease Control
 * 3) Armenia: Armenian National Institute of Health
 * 4) Bangladesh: Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control & Research - IEDCR
 * 5) Cambodia : National Institute of Public Health
 * 6) China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
 * 7) China: Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong
 * 8) India: National Centre for Disease Control National Centre for Disease Control
 * 9) Iran: outdated, isntitute name (in English) should be 'Institute of Public Health Research based on IANPHI, instead of National Institute of Public Health Research
 * 10) Japan: National Institute of Public Health of Japan
 * 11) Mongolia : National Center for Public Health
 * 12) Myanmar: National Health Laboratory
 * 13) Pakistan: Institute of Public Health
 * 14) Pakistan: Pakistan National Institute of Health
 * 15) Republic of Korea: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
 * 16) Russia Federation: National Research Center for Preventive Medicine
 * 17) Thailand: National Institute of Health, Dept. of Medical Sciences
 * 18) Turkey: Refik Saydam Hygiene Center
 * 19) Vietnam: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology - NIHE

List of known NPHI / Africa

 * 1) Angola: National Institute of Public Health
 * 2) Burundi: National Institute of Public Health
 * 3) Cape Verde: National Institute of Public Health
 * 4) Côte d'Ivoire : National Institute of Public Health
 * 5) Ethiopia : Ethiopian Public Health Institute, see fi:Etiopian kansanterveyslaitos, Ethiopian Public Health Institute
 * 6) Ghana: Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research
 * 7) Guinea: National Institute of Public Health Guinea (Guinea NPHI)
 * 8) Guinea Bissau: National Institute of Public Health (INASA)# Guatemala: Guatemalan National Science Center
 * 9) Kenya: Kenya Medical Research Institute
 * 10) Libya: Libya National Centre for Disease Control
 * 11) Malawi: Public Health Institute of Malawi
 * 12) Morocco: Pasteur Institute of Morocco
 * 13) Morocco: National Institute of Hygiene
 * 14) Mozambique: National Institute of Health
 * 15) Nigeria: Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)
 * 16) Nigeria: Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), see [[:fi:Nigerian tautikeskus, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control
 * 17) Rwanda: Institute of HIV/AIDS, Diseases Prevention and Control
 * 18) South Africa: National Institute for Communicable Diseases - NICD
 * 19) Sudan: National Public Health Institute
 * 20) Togo: National Institute of Hygiene
 * 21) Tunisia: National Institute of Health
 * 22) Tanzania: National Institute for Medical Research - NIMR
 * 23) Uganda: Uganda Virus Research Institute UVRI

List of known NPHI / Americas

 * 1) Argentina: National Laboratories and Health Institutes Administration (ANLIS)
 * 2) Brazil: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ
 * 3) Canada: Public Health Agency of Canada
 * 4) Chile: National Institute of Public Health
 * 5) Colombia: National Institute of Public Health
 * 6) Costa Rica: National Institute for Research on Nutrition and Health
 * 7) Cuba: Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri"
 * 8) Ecuador: National Institute of Public Health Research
 * 9) Mexico: National Institute of Public Health
 * 10) Panama: Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies
 * 11) Peru : Peruvian National Institute of Health
 * 12) United States: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

List of known NPHI / elsewhere (Oceania etc)
Australia... ? New Zealand... ? ...

Associate Members

 * 1) Bolivia: Health Laboratories National Institute (INLASA)
 * 2) Cameroon: Department of Disease Control
 * 3) Canada: Public Health Expertise and Reference Center
 * 4) CARICOM Region: Caribbean Public Health Agency
 * 5) El Salvador: National Institute of Public Health
 * 6) Ghana: Ghana Health Service
 * 7) Jordan: Jordan Ministry of Health
 * 8) Kenya: Kenya National Public Health Institute
 * 9) Madagascar: Direction de la Veille Sanitaire et de la Surveillance Epidémiologique
 * 10) Morocco: Direction of Epidemiology and Disease Control
 * 11) Myanmar: Ministry of Health and Sports
 * 12) Nepal: School of Public Health and Community Medicine B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
 * 13) Nigeria: National Primary Health Care Development Agency
 * 14) Pakistan: Punjab Public Health Agency
 * 15) Palestine Palestinian National Institute of Public Health
 * 16) Papua New Guinea: National Department of Health
 * 17) Saudi Arabia: Centers for Disease Control
 * 18) Sierra Leone: Ministry of Health and Sanitation, National Public Health Agency (NPHA)
 * 19) Somalia: National Institute of Health National Public Health Laboratory
 * 20) Syria: Center for Strategic Health Studies
 * 21) Timor Leste: National Institute of Public Health
 * 22) Uganda: Uganda National Institute of Public Health
 * 23) Zambia: Zambian National Public Health Institute

Update NPHI articles

 * update articles like Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, ...
 * check & add web sites, FB/Twitter links, as servers of some organisations like Africa CDC seem to overload
 * add pictures to/via Commons from websites of govermental organizations like CDC
 * ask support from THL, Secretariat of IANPHI in France and other relevant national public health institutes
 * https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/where-we-work, Urgent IT & HW support for those NPHIs in need?

To be started: Kirsi Stjerna, professor of church history
Kirsi Irmeli Stjerna (b. ) is Finnish church historian who works as professor of Lutheran history and theology at... California Lutheran University
 * https://www.callutheran.edu/faculty/profile.html?id=kstjerna
 * currently: First Lutheran, Los Angeles/Southwest California Synod Professor of Lutheran History and Theology, Chair, Pacific Lutheran Theological Seminary, Berkeley. 2015-ongoing.
 * Core Doctoral Faculty, Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley: Theology, Spirituality, History. 2016-ongoing.
 * Docent, Theological Faculty, University of Helsinki, Finland: History of Christianity and Gender; Theology and Luther. 2014-ongoing.
 * An ordained pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of America and of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland. 1989-ongoing.

Early life and education
...

Academic career
Ministry ...Personal life... (if published)

Thoughts, Opinions
...https://www.livinglutheran.org/2017/10/30-more-ways-the-reformation-still-impacts-elca-leaders/

Selected works

 * Her publications include several ...scholarly... books, e.g.
 * Kirsi Stjerna (2008) Women and the Reformation, ISBN: 978-1-405-11422-6, Wiley-Blackwell, 280 pp. link
 * reviewed by (Oxford Univ. professor?)..., add as ref. https://academic.oup.com/jts/article-abstract/61/1/407/1673845?redirectedFrom=fulltext Women and the Reformation, By Kirsi Stjerna. Pp. 269

. Malden, MA and Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 2009. ISBN 978 1 4051 1423 3. Paper £19.99. reviewed by Cathy Hampton, The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 61, Issue 1, 1 April 2010, Pages 407–409, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/flp133, Published: 21 October 2009


 * Google Scholar:
 * https://www.amazon.com/Kirsi-Irmeli-Stjerna/e/B001JS1HI6
 * https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2122115.Kirsi_Stjerna
 * https://www.linkedin.com/in/kirsi-stjerna-71b27327/

Add/Translate:Ingrid Wu
Ingrid Chunyuan Wu (b. 1970; Changzhou, China) is a Chinese entrepreneur, business executive and billionaire, who moved to U.S. in 1996 and later received U.S. citizenship. She founded a company called Shenzhen Yuanyu in 1993 with her husband Pan Zhengmin... followed with AAC Technologies Holdings (in HKEx since 2005...)
 * add on the article's talk page

AAC Technologies manufactures e.g. miniature loudspeakers, receivers and MEMS microphones for Apple and Samsung mobile devices. Company is located in Shenzhen, China. It's sales were $2.3 billion in 2016, and the group employed over 52,000 people. Wu owns about 26 percent of the group. In April 2018, based on Bloomberg estimation included 21% of shares owned directly or through a Hong Kong holding company, plus half of the 9% holding of the family. Her shares were worth $6,25 billion.

Make it even better: Valerie Mars
Valerie Anne Mars (b. Jan. 1959) is an American heiress, businesswoman and billionaire. Since 2014 she has served as a board member of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles.

Valerie Mars is a fourth generation member of the Mars family. Her father was late Forrest Mars Jr. (1931–2016). She has three sisters: Marijke Mars, Pamela Mars-Wright and Victoria B. Mars.

She graduated (B.A./B.Sc.) from Yale University and has MBA from Columbia University. She is married.

She inherited about 8 percent stake of Mars Inc. in 2016, which made her a billionaire. According to Forbes, her shares were valued worth of 5.9 billion USD (March 2018). Also her three siblings are billionaires.

Potential articles
Why some of these have and others dot not an article?

Subset of American billionaires/ Forbes 2018

 * 1) 382 	Ronda Stryker 	$5.1 B 	63 	medical equipment 	United States, heiress, philanthropist, director (more precisely: board member or more?)
 * 2) 388 	Martha Ingram 	$5 B 	82 	book distribution, transportation 	United States
 * 3) 388 	Karen Pritzker 	$5 B 	60 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * #791 Gigi Pritzker (Jean (Gigi) Pritzker) 	$3 B 	55 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * #859 Penny Pritzker 	$2.8 B 	58 	hotels, investments 	United States, United States Secretary of Commerce by Obama
 * #1284 Jennifer Pritzker 	$1.9 B 	67 	hotels, investments 	United States, 	First transgender billionaire
 * #1339 Linda Pritzker 	$1.8 B 	64 	hotels, investments 	United States, e.g. lama + writer


 * 1) 480 	Tamara Gustavson 	$4.4 B 	56 	self storage 	United States, heiress
 * 2) 550 	Dagmar Dolby 	$4 B 	76 	Dolby Laboratories 	United States, heiress
 * Cargill-miljardöörejä: tyng näistä:
 * #1215 Alexandra Daitch 	$2 B 	55 	Cargill 	United States
 * #1215 Sarah MacMillan 	$2 B 	64 	Cargill 	United States
 * #1215 Lucy Stitzer 	$2 B 	58 	Cargill 	United States
 * #1215 Katherine Tanner 	$2 B 	62 	Cargill 	United States, university professor of theology

European billionaires/ Forbes 2018

 * 1) 18 	Francoise Bettencourt Meyers 	$42.2 B 	64 	L'Oreal 	France
 * 2) 86 	Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken 	$15.8 B 	63 	Heineken 	Netherlands
 * 3) 196 	Massimiliana Landini Aleotti 	$7.9 B 	75 	pharmaceuticals 	Italy
 * 4) 217 	Carrie Perrodo 	$7.2 B 	67 	oil 	France
 * 5) 237 	Sandra Ortega Mera 	$6.9 B 	49 	Zara 	Spain
 * 6) 251 	Kirsten Rausing 	$6.6 B 	65 	packaging 	Sweden
 * 7) 274 	Antonia Johnson 	$6.3 B 	74 	diversified 	Sweden
 * 8) 274 	Maria-Elisabeth Schaeffler-Thumann 	$6.3 B 	76 	auto parts 	Germany
 * 9) 321 	Friede Springer 	$5.6 B 	75 	publishing 	Germany
 * 10) 334 	Rahel Blocher 	$5.5 B 	42 	chemicals 	Switzerland
 * 11) 334 	Magdalena Martullo-Blocher 	$5.5 B 	49 	chemicals 	Switzerland
 * 12) 351 	Marie Besnier Beauvalot 	$5.4 B 	37 	cheese 	France
 * 13) 351 	Sofie Kirk Kristiansen 	$5.4 B 	42 	Lego 	Denmark
 * 14) 351 	Margarita Louis-Dreyfus 	$5.4 B 	55 	commodities 	Switzerland
 * 15) 351 	Agnete Kirk Thinggaard 	$5.4 B 	- 	Lego 	Denmark
 * 16) 372 	Elisabeth Mohn 	$5.2 B 	77 	publishing 	Germany
 * 17) 382 	Maria Fernanda Amorim 	$5.1 B 	83 	energy, investments 	Portugal
 * 18) 388 	Denise Coates 	$5 B 	50 	online gambling 	United Kingdom
 * 19) 388 	Gabriella Meister 	$5 B 	69 	appliances 	Germany
 * 20) 441 	Alexandra Schörghuber 	$4.7 B 	59 	real estate 	Germany
 * 21) 456 	Dona Bertarelli 	$4.6 B 	50 	biotech 	Switzerland
 * 22) 480 	Renate Reimann-Haas 	$4.4 B 	66 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 23) 550 	Ursula Bechtolsheimer-Kipp 	$4 B 	- 	retail 	Germany
 * 24) 550 	Traudl Engelhorn 	$4 B 	91 	pharmaceuticals, medical equipment 	Germany
 * 25) 572 	Daniela Herz 	$3.9 B 	64 	coffee 	Germany
 * 26) 588 	Katharina Otto-Bernstein 	$3.8 B 	- 	real estate 	Germany
 * 27) 629 	Gabriele Volkmann 	$3.6 B 	- 	auto parts 	Germany
 * 28) 652 	Giuliana Benetton 	$3.5 B 	80 	fashion retail, investments 	Italy
 * 29) 652 	Maren Otto 	$3.5 B 	- 	retail, real estate 	Germany
 * 30) 679 	Heidi Horten 	$3.4 B 	77 	retail 	Austria
 * 31) 729 	Yvonne Bauer 	$3.2 B 	41 	media 	Germany
 * 32) 729 	Dinara Kulibaeva 	$3.2 B 	50 	banking 	Kazakhstan
 * 33) 729 	Miuccia Prada 	$3.2 B 	68 	luxury goods 	Italy
 * 34) 791 	Anne Beaufour 	$3 B 	54 	pharmaceuticals 	France
 * 35) 822 	Smita Crishna-Godrej 	$2.9 B 	67 	consumer goods 	India
 * 36) 822 	Hedda im Brahm-Droege 	$2.9 B 	63 	consulting 	Germany
 * 37) 822 	Alicia Koplowitz 	$2.9 B 	64 	construction, investments 	Spain
 * 38) 859 	Caroline Hagen Kjos 	$2.8 B 	34 	conglomerate 	Norway
 * 39) 887 	Helena Revoredo 	$2.7 B 	71 	security services 	Spain
 * 40) 924 	Hanni Toosbuy Kasprzak 	$2.6 B 	60 	shoes 	Denmark
 * 41) 965 	Maritsa Lazari 	$2.5 B 	73 	real estate 	United Kingdom
 * 42) 965 	Lottie Tham 	$2.5 B 	68 	H&M 	Sweden
 * 43) 1020 	Bergit Douglas 	$2.4 B 	71 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 44) 1020 	Hortensia Herrero 	$2.4 B 	67 	supermarkets 	Spain
 * 45) 1020 	Julia Oetker 	$2.4 B 	39 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 46) 1020 	Rosely Schweizer 	$2.4 B 	77 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 47) 1070 	Eva Maria Bucher-Haefner 	$2.3 B 	61 	Computer Associates 	Switzerland
 * 48) 1103 	Tatiana Casiraghi 	$2.2 B 	34 	beer 	Monaco
 * 49) 1103 	Maria Franca Fissolo 	$2.2 B 	83 	Nutella, chocolates 	Italy
 * 50) 1157 	Maja Oeri 	$2.1 B 	63 	Roche Holding 	Switzerland
 * 51) 1157 	Sylvia Stroeher 	$2.1 B 	62 	cosmetics 	Germany
 * 52) 1215 	Eva Maria Braun-Luedicke 	$2 B 	31 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 53) 1215 	Friederike Braun-Luedicke 	$2 B 	34 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 54) 1284 	Miriam Baumann-Blocher 	$1.9 B 	43 	chemicals 	Switzerland
 * 55) 1284 	Susanne Zimmermann von Siefart 	$1.9 B 	61 	vacuums, home cleaning products 	Germany
 * 56) 1339 	Anna Maria Braun 	$1.8 B 	39 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 57) 1339 	Johanna Braun 	$1.8 B 	38 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 58) 1339 	Julia Stoschek 	$1.8 B 	42 	auto parts 	Germany
 * 59) 1394 	Regine Leibinger 	$1.7 B 	55 	machine tools 	Germany
 * 60) 1477 	Charlotte Soderstrom 	$1.6 B 	41 	H&M 	Sweden
 * 61) 1561 	Ilona Herlin 	$1.5 B 	53 	elevators, escalators 	Finland
 * 62) 1561 	Nicola Leibinger-Kammueller 	$1.5 B 	58 	manufacturing 	Germany
 * 63) 1561 	Madeleine Olsson Ericksson 	$1.5 B 	73 	diversified 	Sweden
 * 64) 1561 	Monika Schoeller 	$1.5 B 	79 	publishing 	Germany
 * 65) 1650 	Alexandra Andresen 	$1.4 B 	21 	investments 	Norway
 * 66) 1650 	Katharina Andresen 	$1.4 B 	22 	investments 	Norway
 * 67) 1650 	Maria Del Pino y Calvo-Sotelo 	$1.4 B 	62 	construction 	Spain
 * 68) 1650 	Marina Prada 	$1.4 B 	- 	luxury goods 	Italy
 * 69) 1756 	Clelia Haji-Ioannou 	$1.3 B 	47 	EasyJet 	Cyprus
 * 70) 1756 	Louise Lindh 	$1.3 B 	38 	investments 	Sweden
 * 71) 1756 	Katarina Martinson 	$1.3 B 	36 	investments 	Sweden
 * 72) 1756 	Lily Safra 	$1.3 B 	80 	banking 	Monaco
 * 73) 1756 	Karin Schick 	$1.3 B 	- 	information technology 	Germany
 * 74) 1867 	Elena Baturina 	$1.2 B 	55 	investments, real estate 	Russia
 * 75) 1867 	Sol Daurella 	$1.2 B 	52 	Coca-Cola 	Spain
 * 76) 1867 	Gudrun Heine 	$1.2 B 	63 	medical devices 	Germany
 * 77) 1867 	Helga Kellerhals 	$1.2 B 	77 	electronics retailer 	Germany
 * 78) 1867 	Sybill Storz 	$1.2 B 	80 	medical devices 	Germany
 * 79) 1999 	Emanuella Barilla 	$1.1 B 	51 	Barilla pasta 	Italy
 * 80) 1999 	Jenny Lindén Urnes 	$1.1 B 	47 	powdered metal 	Sweden

Women billionaires listed by Forbes 2018

 * 1) 16 	Alice Walton 	$46 B 	68 	Walmart 	United States
 * 2) 18 	Francoise Bettencourt Meyers 	$42.2 B 	64 	L'Oreal 	France
 * 3) 32 	Susanne Klatten 	$25 B 	55 	BMW, pharmaceuticals 	Germany
 * 4) 34 	Jacqueline Mars 	$23.6 B 	78 	candy, pet food 	United States
 * 5) 43 	Yang Huiyan 	$21.9 B 	36 	real estate 	China
 * 6) 58 	Laurene Powell Jobs 	$18.8 B 	54 	Apple, Disney 	United States
 * 7) 69 	Gina Rinehart 	$17.4 B 	64 	mining 	Australia
 * 8) 80 	Iris Fontbona 	$16.3 B 	75 	mining 	Chile
 * 9) 83 	Abigail Johnson	$15.9 B 	56 	money management 	United States
 * 10) 86 	Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken 	$15.8 B 	63 	Heineken 	Netherlands
 * 11) 108 	Blair Parry-Okeden 	$13 B 	67 	media 	United States
 * 12) 176 	Savitri Jindal 	$8.8 B 	67 	steel 	India
 * 13) 178 	Katharine Rayner 	$8.7 B 	73 	media 	United States
 * 14) 178 	Margaretta Taylor 	$8.7 B 	75 	media 	United States
 * 15) 196 	Massimiliana Landini Aleotti 	$7.9 B 	75 	pharmaceuticals 	Italy
 * 16) 198 	Zhou Qunfei 	$7.8 B 	48 	smartphone screens 	Hong Kong
 * 17) 202 	Wu Yajun 	$7.7 B 	54 	real estate 	China
 * 18) 207 	Pauline MacMillan Keinath 	$7.4 B 	84 	Cargill 	United States
 * 19) 211 	Christy Walton 	$7.3 B 	69 	Walmart 	United States
 * 20) 217 	Carrie Perrodo 	$7.2 B 	67 	oil 	France
 * 21) 222 	Eva Gonda de Rivera 	$7.1 B 	- 	beverages 	Mexico
 * 22) 228 	Pollyanna Chu 	$7 B 	59 	financial services 	Hong Kong
 * 23) 237 	Sandra Ortega Mera 	$6.9 B 	49 	Zara 	Spain
 * 24) 242 	Chan Laiwa 	$6.8 B 	77 	real estate 	China
 * 25) 251 	Ann Walton Kroenke 	$6.6 B 	69 	Walmart 	United States
 * 26) 251 	Kirsten Rausing 	$6.6 B 	65 	packaging 	Sweden
 * 27) 274 	Antonia Johnson 	$6.3 B 	74 	diversified 	Sweden
 * 28) 274 	Maria-Elisabeth Schaeffler-Thumann 	$6.3 B 	76 	auto parts 	Germany
 * 29) 296 	Maria Asuncion Aramburuzabala 	$5.9 B 	54 	beer, investments 	Mexico
 * 30) 296 	Marijke Mars 	$5.9 B 	53 	candy, pet food 	United States
 * 31) 296 	Pamela Mars 	$5.9 B 	57 	candy, pet food 	United States
 * 32) 296 	Valerie Mars 	$5.9 B 	59 	candy, pet food 	United States
 * 33) 296 	Victoria Mars 	$5.9 B 	61 	candy, pet food 	United States
 * 34) 305 	Nancy Walton Laurie 	$5.8 B 	66 	Walmart 	United States
 * 35) 321 	Friede Springer 	$5.6 B 	75 	publishing 	Germany
 * 36) 334 	Shari Arison 	$5.5 B 	60 	Carnival Cruises 	Israel
 * 37) 334 	Dannine Avara 	$5.5 B 	54 	pipelines 	United States
 * 38) 334 	Rahel Blocher 	$5.5 B 	42 	chemicals 	Switzerland
 * 39) 334 	Milane Frantz 	$5.5 B 	48 	pipelines 	United States
 * 40) 334 	Diane Hendricks 	$5.5 B 	71 	roofing 	United States
 * 41) 334 	Magdalena Martullo-Blocher 	$5.5 B 	49 	chemicals 	Switzerland
 * 42) 334 	Randa Williams 	$5.5 B 	56 	pipelines 	United States
 * 43) 351 	Marie Besnier Beauvalot 	$5.4 B 	37 	cheese 	France
 * 44) 351 	Sofie Kirk Kristiansen 	$5.4 B 	42 	Lego 	Denmark
 * 45) 351 	Lam Wai Ying 	$5.4 B 	- 	smartphone screens 	Hong Kong
 * 46) 351 	Margarita Louis-Dreyfus 	$5.4 B 	55 	commodities 	Switzerland
 * 47) 351 	Agnete Kirk Thinggaard 	$5.4 B 	- 	Lego 	Denmark
 * 48) 365 	Pansy Ho 	$5.3 B 	55 	casinos 	Hong Kong
 * 49) 372 	Marian Ilitch 	$5.2 B 	85 	pizza, sports team 	United States
 * 50) 372 	Elisabeth Mohn 	$5.2 B 	77 	publishing 	Germany
 * 51) 382 	Maria Fernanda Amorim 	$5.1 B 	83 	energy, investments 	Portugal
 * 52) 382 	Ronda Stryker 	$5.1 B 	63 	medical equipment 	United States
 * 53) 388 	Denise Coates 	$5 B 	50 	online gambling 	United Kingdom
 * 54) 388 	Martha Ingram 	$5 B 	82 	book distribution, transportation 	United States
 * 55) 388 	Gabriella Meister 	$5 B 	69 	appliances 	Germany
 * 56) 388 	Karen Pritzker 	$5 B 	60 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * 57) 441 	Gwendolyn Sontheim Meyer 	$4.7 B 	56 	Cargill 	United States
 * 58) 441 	Alexandra Schoerghuber 	$4.7 B 	59 	real estate 	Germany
 * 59) 456 	Dona Bertarelli 	$4.6 B 	50 	biotech 	Switzerland
 * 60) 480 	Tamara Gustavson 	$4.4 B 	56 	self storage 	United States
 * 61) 480 	Renate Reimann-Haas 	$4.4 B 	66 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 62) 514 	Marianne Liebmann 	$4.2 B 	64 	Cargill 	United States
 * 63) 527 	Fan Hongwei 	$4.1 B 	51 	petrochemicals 	China
 * 64) 550 	Ursula Bechtolsheimer-Kipp 	$4 B 	- 	retail 	Germany
 * 65) 550 	Dagmar Dolby 	$4 B 	76 	Dolby Laboratories 	United States
 * 66) 550 	Traudl Engelhorn 	$4 B 	91 	pharmaceuticals, medical equipment 	Germany
 * 67) 572 	Daniela Herz 	$3.9 B 	64 	coffee 	Germany
 * 68) 588 	Katharina Otto-Bernstein 	$3.8 B 	- 	real estate 	Germany
 * 69) 588 	Zeng Fangqin 	$3.8 B 	52 	smartphone components 	China
 * 70) 606 	Imogene Powers Johnson 	$3.7 B 	87 	cleaning products 	United States
 * 71) 606 	Helen Johnson-Leipold 	$3.7 B 	61 	cleaning products 	United States
 * 72) 606 	Winifred Johnson-Marquart 	$3.7 B 	58 	cleaning products 	United States
 * 73) 606 	Angela Leong 	$3.7 B 	57 	casinos 	Hong Kong
 * 74) 629 	Elizabeth Johnson 	$3.6 B 	54 	money management 	United States
 * 75) 629 	Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw 	$3.6 B 	65 	biotech 	India
 * 76) 629 	Gabriele Volkmann 	$3.6 B 	- 	auto parts 	Germany
 * 77) 629 	Zhang Xin 	$3.6 B 	52 	real estate 	China
 * 78) 629 	Anita Zucker 	$3.6 B 	66 	chemicals 	United States
 * 79) 652 	Giuliana Benetton 	$3.5 B 	80 	fashion retail, investments 	Italy
 * 80) 652 	Judy Faulkner 	$3.5 B 	74 	health IT 	United States
 * 81) 652 	Maren Otto 	$3.5 B 	- 	retail, real estate 	Germany
 * 82) 679 	Heidi Horten 	$3.4 B 	77 	retail 	Austria
 * 83) 679 	Melissa Ma 	$3.4 B 	48 	internet search 	China
 * 84) 679 	Rita Tong Liu 	$3.4 B 	69 	real estate 	Hong Kong
 * 85) 703 	Mary Alice Dorrance Malone 	$3.3 B 	68 	Campbell Soup 	United States
 * 86) 703 	Pat Stryker 	$3.3 B 	61 	medical equipment 	United States
 * 87) 729 	Yvonne Bauer 	$3.2 B 	41 	media 	Germany
 * 88) 729 	Dinara Kulibaeva 	$3.2 B 	50 	banking 	Kazakhstan
 * 89) 729 	Miuccia Prada 	$3.2 B 	68 	luxury goods 	Italy
 * 90) 729 	Lynn Schusterman 	$3.2 B 	79 	oil & gas, investments 	United States
 * 91) 729 	Meg Whitman 	$3.2 B 	61 	eBay 	United States
 * 92) 766 	Cheng Cheung Ling 	$3.1 B 	54 	pharmaceuticals 	China
 * 93) 766 	Jane Goldman 	$3.1 B 	62 	real estate 	United States
 * 94) 766 	Amy Goldman Fowler 	$3.1 B 	63 	real estate 	United States
 * 95) 766 	Diane Kemper 	$3.1 B 	72 	real estate 	United States
 * 96) 766 	Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen 	$3.1 B 	47 	airlines 	Vietnam
 * 97) 791 	Anne Beaufour 	$3 B 	54 	pharmaceuticals 	France
 * 98) 791 	Johnelle Hunt 	$3 B 	86 	trucking 	United States
 * 99) 791 	Jean (Gigi) Pritzker 	$3 B 	55 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * 100) 822 	Smita Crishna-Godrej 	$2.9 B 	67 	consumer goods 	India
 * 101) 822 	Hedda im Brahm-Droege 	$2.9 B 	63 	consulting 	Germany
 * 102) 822 	Alicia Koplowitz 	$2.9 B 	64 	construction, investments 	Spain
 * 103) 822 	Wang Laichun 	$2.9 B 	50 	electronics components 	China
 * 104) 859 	Doris Fisher 	$2.8 B 	86 	Gap 	United States
 * 105) 859 	Caroline Hagen Kjos 	$2.8 B 	34 	conglomerate 	Norway
 * 106) 859 	Penny Pritzker 	$2.8 B 	58 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * 107) 887 	Fiona Geminder 	$2.7 B 	53 	manufacturing 	Australia
 * 108) 887 	Helena Revoredo 	$2.7 B 	71 	security services 	Spain
 * 109) 887 	Oprah Winfrey 	$2.7 B 	64 	TV shows 	United States
 * 110) 924 	Semahat Sevim Arsel 	$2.6 B 	89 	diversified 	Turkey
 * 111) 924 	Isabel dos Santos 	$2.6 B 	44 	investments 	Angola
 * 112) 924 	Maria Helena Moraes Scripilliti 	$2.6 B 	87 	diversified 	Brazil
 * 113) 924 	Hanni Toosbuy Kasprzak 	$2.6 B 	60 	shoes 	Denmark
 * 114) 965 	Jane Lauder 	$2.5 B 	45 	cosmetics 	United States
 * 115) 965 	Aerin Lauder Zinterhofer 	$2.5 B 	47 	cosmetics 	United States
 * 116) 965 	Maritsa Lazari 	$2.5 B 	73 	real estate 	United Kingdom
 * 117) 965 	Yoshiko Mori 	$2.5 B 	77 	real estate 	Japan
 * 118) 965 	Lottie Tham 	$2.5 B 	68 	H&M 	Sweden
 * 119) 965 	Elaine Wynn 	$2.5 B 	75 	casinos, hotels 	United States
 * 120) 965 	Denise York 	$2.5 B 	67 	San Francisco 49ers 	United States
 * 121) 1020 	Chen Jinxia 	$2.4 B 	50 	investments 	China
 * 122) 1020 	Vivien Chen 	$2.4 B 	59 	real estate 	Hong Kong
 * 123) 1020 	Chu Lam Yiu 	$2.4 B 	48 	flavorings 	Hong Kong
 * 124) 1020 	Bergit Douglas 	$2.4 B 	71 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 125) 1020 	Hortensia Herrero 	$2.4 B 	67 	supermarkets 	Spain
 * 126) 1020 	Julia Oetker 	$2.4 B 	39 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 127) 1020 	Rosely Schweizer 	$2.4 B 	77 	consumer goods 	Germany
 * 128) 1020 	Leena Tewari 	$2.4 B 	60 	pharmaceuticals 	India
 * 129) 1070 	Eva Maria Bucher-Haefner 	$2.3 B 	61 	Computer Associates 	Switzerland
 * 130) 1070 	Filiz Sahenk 	$2.3 B 	51 	diversified 	Turkey
 * 131) 1103 	Lia Maria Aguiar 	$2.2 B 	80 	banking 	Brazil
 * 132) 1103 	Tatiana Casiraghi 	$2.2 B 	34 	beer 	Monaco
 * 133) 1103 	Chan Tan Ching-fen 	$2.2 B 	- 	real estate 	Hong Kong
 * 134) 1103 	Dulce Pugliese de Godoy Bueno 	$2.2 B 	70 	hospitals, health care 	Brazil
 * 135) 1103 	Ana Lucia de Mattos Barretto Villela 	$2.2 B 	44 	banking 	Brazil
 * 136) 1103 	Maria Franca Fissolo 	$2.2 B 	83 	Nutella, chocolates 	Italy
 * 137) 1103 	Vinod & Anil Rai Gupta 	$2.2 B 	72 	electrical equipment 	India
 * 138) 1103 	He Qiaonv 	$2.2 B 	52 	landscape architecture 	China
 * 139) 1103 	Suna Kirac 	$2.2 B 	76 	diversified 	Turkey
 * 140) 1157 	Patricia Angelini Rossi 	$2.1 B 	63 	forestry, mining 	Chile
 * 141) 1157 	Cheng Xue 	$2.1 B 	48 	soy sauce 	China
 * 142) 1157 	Catherine Lozick 	$2.1 B 	73 	valve manufacturing 	United States
 * 143) 1157 	Maja Oeri 	$2.1 B 	63 	Roche Holding 	Switzerland
 * 144) 1157 	Heloise Pratt 	$2.1 B 	55 	manufacturing, investment 	Australia
 * 145) 1157 	Sylvia Stroeher 	$2.1 B 	62 	cosmetics 	Germany
 * 146) 1215 	Eva Maria Braun-Luedicke 	$2 B 	31 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 147) 1215 	Friederike Braun-Luedicke 	$2 B 	34 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 148) 1215 	Alexandra Daitch 	$2 B 	55 	Cargill 	United States
 * 149) 1215 	Lee Boo-Jin 	$2 B 	47 	computer services, tourism 	South Korea
 * 150) 1215 	Sarah MacMillan 	$2 B 	64 	Cargill 	United States
 * 151) 1215 	Lucy Stitzer 	$2 B 	58 	Cargill 	United States
 * 152) 1215 	Su Suyu 	$2 B 	69 	utilities, real estate 	China
 * 153) 1215 	Katherine Tanner 	$2 B 	62 	Cargill 	United States
 * 154) 1215 	Amy Wyss 	$2 B 	47 	medical equipment 	United States
 * 155) 1284 	Miriam Baumann-Blocher 	$1.9 B 	43 	chemicals 	Switzerland
 * 156) 1284 	Lee Myung-Hee 	$1.9 B 	74 	retail 	South Korea
 * 157) 1284 	Lee Seo-Hyun 	$1.9 B 	44 	computer services, tourism 	South Korea
 * 158) 1284 	Jennifer Pritzker 	$1.9 B 	67 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * 159) 1284 	Zhou Xiaoguang 	$1.9 B 	56 	real estate 	China
 * 160) 1284 	Susanne Zimmermann von Siefart 	$1.9 B 	61 	vacuums, home cleaning products 	Germany
 * 161) 1339 	Anna Maria Braun 	$1.8 B 	39 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 162) 1339 	Johanna Braun 	$1.8 B 	38 	medical technology 	Germany
 * 163) 1339 	Cheung Yan 	$1.8 B 	61 	paper manufacturing 	China
 * 164) 1339 	Linda Pritzker 	$1.8 B 	64 	hotels, investments 	United States
 * 165) 1339 	Julia Stoschek 	$1.8 B 	42 	auto parts 	Germany
 * 166) 1339 	Wu Yulan 	$1.8 B 	48 	pharmaceuticals 	China
 * 167) 1394 	Angela Bennett 	$1.7 B 	74 	mining 	Australia
 * 168) 1394 	Regine Leibinger 	$1.7 B 	55 	machine tools 	Germany
 * 169) 1394 	Ma Xiuhui 	$1.7 B 	47 	LED lighting 	China
 * 170) 1394 	Zhang Xiaojuan 	$1.7 B 	48 	logistics 	China
 * 171) 1477 	Chen Xiaoying 	$1.6 B 	41 	package delivery 	China
 * 172) 1477 	Thai Lee 	$1.6 B 	59 	IT provider 	United States
 * 173) 1477 	Lei Jufang 	$1.6 B 	65 	pharmaceuticals 	China
 * 174) 1477 	Sheryl Sandberg 	$1.6 B 	48 	Facebook 	United States
 * 175) 1477 	Charlotte Soderstrom 	$1.6 B 	41 	H&M 	Sweden
 * 176) 1477 	Charlotte Colket Weber 	$1.6 B 	75 	Campbell Soup 	United States
 * 177) 1561 	Folorunsho Alakija 	$1.5 B 	67 	oil 	Nigeria
 * 178) 1561 	Susan Alfond 	$1.5 B 	72 	shoes 	United States
 * 179) 1561 	Carol Jenkins Barnett 	$1.5 B 	61 	Publix supermarkets 	United States
 * 180) 1561 	Ana Maria Brescia Cafferata 	$1.5 B 	93 	mining, banking 	Peru
 * 181) 1561 	Martha Ford 	$1.5 B 	92 	Ford Motor 	United States
 * 182) 1561 	Ilona Herlin 	$1.5 B 	53 	elevators, escalators 	Finland
 * 183) 1561 	Nicola Leibinger-Kammueller 	$1.5 B 	58 	manufacturing 	Germany
 * 184) 1561 	Judith Neilson 	$1.5 B 	72 	investments 	Australia
 * 185) 1561 	Madeleine Olsson Ericksson 	$1.5 B 	73 	diversified 	Sweden
 * 186) 1561 	Eren Ozmen 	$1.5 B 	59 	aerospace 	United States
 * 187) 1561 	Monika Schoeller 	$1.5 B 	79 	publishing 	Germany
 * 188) 1561 	Tang Jianfang 	$1.5 B 	- 	packaged foods 	China
 * 189) 1650 	Anu Aga 	$1.4 B 	75 	engineering 	India
 * 190) 1650 	Alexandra Andresen 	$1.4 B 	21 	investments 	Norway
 * 191) 1650 	Katharina Andresen 	$1.4 B 	22 	investments 	Norway
 * 192) 1650 	Chen Liying 	$1.4 B 	42 	package delivery 	China
 * 193) 1650 	Chey Ki-Won 	$1.4 B 	53 	computer services, telecom 	South Korea
 * 194) 1650 	Maria Del Pino y Calvo-Sotelo 	$1.4 B 	62 	construction 	Spain
 * 195) 1650 	Marina Prada 	$1.4 B 	- 	luxury goods 	Italy
 * 196) 1756 	Anne Gittinger 	$1.3 B 	82 	Nordstrom department stores 	United States
 * 197) 1756 	Clelia Haji-Ioannou 	$1.3 B 	47 	EasyJet 	Cyprus
 * 198) 1756 	Louise Lindh 	$1.3 B 	38 	investments 	Sweden
 * 199) 1756 	Martha MacMillan 	$1.3 B 	66 	Cargill 	United States
 * 200) 1756 	Katarina Martinson 	$1.3 B 	36 	investments 	Sweden
 * 201) 1756 	Bianca Rinehart 	$1.3 B 	41 	trust fund 	Australia
 * 202) 1756 	Ginia Rinehart 	$1.3 B 	31 	trust fund 	Australia
 * 203) 1756 	Lily Safra 	$1.3 B 	80 	banking 	Monaco
 * 204) 1756 	Deniz Sahenk 	$1.3 B 	72 	diversified 	Turkey
 * 205) 1756 	Karin Schick 	$1.3 B 	- 	information technology 	Germany
 * 206) 1756 	Wilma Tisch 	$1.3 B 	90 	diversified 	United States
 * 207) 1756 	Jayshree Ullal 	$1.3 B 	57 	technology 	United States
 * 208) 1756 	Hope Welker 	$1.3 B 	32 	trust fund 	Australia
 * 209) 1756 	Wu Lanlan 	$1.3 B 	44 	packaging 	China
 * 210) 1756 	Yang Meirong 	$1.3 B 	- 	education 	China
 * 211) 1867 	Elena Baturina 	$1.2 B 	55 	investments, real estate 	Russia
 * 212) 1867 	Sol Daurella 	$1.2 B 	52 	Coca-Cola 	Spain
 * 213) 1867 	Gudrun Heine 	$1.2 B 	63 	medical devices 	Germany
 * 214) 1867 	Daisy Igel 	$1.2 B 	90 	gas, petrochemicals 	Brazil
 * 215) 1867 	Helga Kellerhals 	$1.2 B 	77 	electronics retailer 	Germany
 * 216) 1867 	Li Xuhui 	$1.2 B 	49 	soy sauce maker 	China
 * 217) 1867 	Ana Maria Marcondes Penido Sant'Anna 	$1.2 B 	62 	toll roads 	Brazil
 * 218) 1867 	Gail Miller 	$1.2 B 	74 	basketball, car dealers 	United States
 * 219) 1867 	Lynsi Snyder 	$1.2 B 	35 	In-N-Out Burger 	United States
 * 220) 1867 	Sybill Storz 	$1.2 B 	80 	medical devices 	Germany
 * 221) 1999 	Emanuella Barilla 	$1.1 B 	51 	Barilla pasta 	Italy
 * 222) 1999 	Bu Yang 	$1.1 B 	- 	retail 	China
 * 223) 1999 	Yupa Chiaravanond 	$1.1 B 	- 	diversified 	Thailand
 * 224) 1999 	Cui Lijie 	$1.1 B 	59 	gambling 	Hong Kong
 * 225) 1999 	Sheela Gautam 	$1.1 B 	86 	mattresses 	India
 * 226) 1999 	Madhu Kapur 	$1.1 B 	- 	banking 	India
 * 227) 1999 	Nancy Lerner 	$1.1 B 	57 	banking, credit cards 	United States
 * 228) 1999 	Norma Lerner 	$1.1 B 	82 	banking 	United States
 * 229) 1999 	Li Tan 	$1.1 B 	53 	pharmaceuticals 	China
 * 230) 1999 	Jenny Lindén Urnes 	$1.1 B 	47 	powdered metal 	Sweden
 * 231) 1999 	Liora Ofer 	$1.1 B 	64 	investments 	Israel
 * 232) 1999 	Gretel Packer 	$1.1 B 	52 	casinos 	Australia
 * 233) 1999 	Lucy Peng 	$1.1 B 	45 	e-commerce 	China
 * 234) 1999 	Andrea Reimann-Ciardelli 	$1.1 B 	61 	consumer goods 	United States
 * 235) 1999 	Yoshiko Shinohara 	$1.1 B 	83 	staffing 	Japan
 * 236) 1999 	Laurie Tisch 	$1.1 B 	67 	insurance, NFL team 	United States
 * 237) 1999 	Fatma Tuba Yazici 	$1.1 B 	44 	diversified 	Turkey
 * 238) 1999 	Zhao Yan 	$1.1 B 	51 	real estate, finance 	China
 * 239) 2124 	Sara Blakely 	$1 B 	47 	Spanx 	United States
 * 240) 2124 	Huang Xiaofen 	$1 B 	56 	printed circuit boards 	China
 * 241) 2124 	Carolyn Rafaelian 	$1 B 	51 	jewelry 	United States
 * 242) 2124 	Alice Schwartz 	$1 B 	91 	biotech 	United States
 * 243) 2124 	Zhuo Jun 	$1 B 	52 	printed circuit boards 	Hong Kong

To be created: Marijke Mars

 * waiting discussion of Articles for deletion/Valerie Mars

Marijke Elizabeth Mars (born 1965) is an American billionaire heiress and businesswoman. In March 2018 Forbes estimated her wealth to be $5.9 billion. She was ranked as the 30th richest woman in the world - a position shared with her three sisters.

Marijke Mars is a fourth generation member of the Mars family. Her father was late Forrest Mars Jr. (1931–2016). She has three sisters: Pamela Mars-Wright, Valerie Mars and Victoria B. Mars. She inherited about 8 percent stake of Mars Inc. in 2016, which made her a billionaire. According to Forbes, her shares were valued worth of $5.9 billion (March 2018).

She graduated (B.A./B.Sc.) from Duke University. After her graduation she has worked e.g. as a regional manager for Kal Kan Foods, one of Mars Inc.'s pet food companies. Nowadays she works at Mars Food. She married in 1991 but has later (2000) divorced.

To be created: Pamela Mars-Wright

 * waiting discussion of Articles for deletion/Valerie Mars

Pamela Diane Mars-Wright (b. Mars, 1960 ) is an American businesswoman and billionaire heiress. Previously, she has served as been e.g. the chairman of the board of Mars Inc.. Currently she works e.g. as a supervisory board member of Dutch brewing company Heineken International.

Mars-Wright is a fourth generation member of the Mars family. Her father was late Forrest Mars Jr. (1931–2016). She has three sisters: Marijke Mars, Valerie Mars and Victoria B. Mars. She inherited about 8 percent stake of Mars Inc. in 2016, which made her a billionaire. According to Forbes, her shares were valued worth of $5.9 billion (March 2018).

Mars-Wright graduated (B.A./B.Sc.) from Vassar College. She has held several roles within Mars Inc. She started as an operations suprevisor in 1986, then she became plant director manager at the company's petcare factory followed by a position as manufacturing director at Mars Australia. After a sabbatical she joined Mars Inc. as a member of the board of directors in 2001 and served also as the chairman of the board (2004–2008). She was a board member of Mars Inc. also in 2015 and was promoting sustainability. Today, she works as the family's ambassador to the Mars petcare division.

She is married and has three children.

About

 * Pamela "Pam" Mars-Wright (bloomberg.com)
 * Goodness, greatness, Mars (2014-7-15) (london.edu)

To be created: several other missing articles of top-500...top-1000 billionaires

 * waiting discussion of Articles for deletion/Valerie Mars
 * self made billionaires with lower monetary criteria?

To be created: Lucy Stitzer (Cargill billionaire heiress)
Lucy C. MacMillan Stitzer (born 1961) is an American billionaire heiress and business executive working in the field of finance... ...