User:Paul August/Tmolus (son of Ares)

Tmolus (son of Ares)

=To Do=
 * Oxford Classical Dictionary
 * Tripp
 * Grimal
 * Parada
 * Smith
 * Gantz
 * Hard
 * Fowler
 * Loeb search
 * LIMC

=New text= Tmolus (Τμῶλος, Tmōlos) was a mythical Greek king of Lydia and husband to Omphale. In Greek mythology, he figures as a mountain god, a son of Ares and Theogone and he judged the musical contest between Pan and Apollo. When Tmolus was gored to death by a bull on the mountain that bears his name, his widow, Omphale, became queen-regnant of Lydia. Through her, Lydian reign passed into the hands of the Tylonid (Heraclid) dynasty. He is almost certainly the same as the Tmolus who was the father of Tantalus by Plouto according to a scholion to Euripides Orestes 5.


 * Mountain god, judge of musical contest. [Hard, p. 157; OCD, s.v. Timolus; Parada, s.v. Tmolus; Ov. Met 11.146-193]


 * Husband of Omphale. [Hard, p. 274; Parada, s.v. Tmolus; Apd. 2.6.3]


 * A son of Ares, namesake of Mt. Tmolus in Lydia. [Grimal, s.v. Tmolus 2; Pseudo-Plutarch, 7.5

Hyginus
Fabulae
 * 191
 * § 191 KING MIDAS: Midas, Mygdonian king, son of the Mother goddess from Timolus . . . was taken [as judge] at the time when Apollo contested with Marsyas, or Pan, on the pipes. When Timolus gave the victory to Apollo, Midas said it should rather have been given to Marsyas. Then Apollo angrily said to Midas: "You will have ears to match the mind you have in judging", and with these words he caused him to have ass's ears. At the time when Father Liber was leading his army into India, Silenus wandered away; Midas entertained him generously, and gave him a guide to conduct him to Liber's company. Because of this favour, Father Liber gave Midas the privilege of asking him for whatever he wanted. Midas asked that whatever he touched should become gold. When he had been granted the wish, and came to his palace, whatever he touched became gold. When now he was being tortured with hunger, he begged Liber to take away the splendid gift. Liber bade him bathe in the River Pactolus, and when his body touched the water it became a golden colour. The river in Lydia is now called Chrysorrhoas.

Ovid
Metamorphoses
 * 11.146–193

Pseudo-Plutarch
7.5
 * Situated nearby is Mount Tmolus, full of all sorts of beasts. Formerly it was called Carmanorius, from Carmanorus, child of Dionysus and Alexiorrhoea, who, hunting, died, wounded by a boar. Later it was renamed Tmolus for a reason of this sort. Tmolus, son of Ares and Theogone, king of Lydia, when he was hunting on Carmanorius and beheld Arrhippe, a maiden living with Artemis, fell into a yearning for her and, gripped by desire, pursued her, wanting to force himself upon her. Overtaken, she fled to the sanctuary of Artemis. Having disdained religious feeling, the tyrant despoiled the maiden in the precinct. Overcome with despair, she marked the end of her life with a noose. Indignant by what had been done, the goddess caused a raging bull to fall upon the aforementioned, tossed in the air by which and having come down on points, he died in agony. Theoclymenus, child of the aforementioned, when he had buried his parent, renamed the mountain from him.

Bell
s.v. Pluto 1
 * was a daughter of Cronus or Himantes (also called Mimas[?] but thought to be a surname of Atlas). She slept with Zeus and became the mother of Tantalus. Some said his father was Tmolus, a Lydian king. If so, this could not be the same Tmolus who was married to Omphale, since his grandson Pelops would need to be contemporary with Perseus, instead of five generations later as in the latter case.

Grimal
s.v. Tmolus
 * (Τμῶλος)
 * 1 Omphale's widowed husband.
 * [Apd. 2.6.3]
 * 2 A son of Ares and Theogone, king of Lydia, who assaulted a companion of Artemis called Arripe. The goddess had him killed by an enraged bull. His son Theoclymenus, buried him on the mountain which was thereafter known as Tmolus.
 * [Pseudo-Plutarch, De Fluv. 7.5]

Hard
p. 157
 * In another tale of this kind, also set in Asia Minor, Apollo engaged in a musical contest with the deity Pan. Tmolos, the god of the Lydian mountain of that name, acted as judge, and the ... Tmolos judged in favor of Apollo, ... 79

p. 274
 * Omphale, daughter of Iardanos (or Iardanes), was a widow who had assumed power in Lydia on the west coast of Asia Minor after the death of her husband Tmolos. ...159

p. 622
 * 79 Ov. Met. 11.146–143

p. 638
 * 159

p. 741
 * Tmolos, god of Mt Tmolos in Lydia 157.
 * Tmolos, husband of Omphale 274.

Oxford Classical Dictionary
s.v. Tmolus
 * Tmolus (Τμῶλος), the deity of the Lydian mountain so named (see lydia). He appears, with *Midas(1), as judge of the contest between *Apollo and *Pan (Ov.Met. 11. 156 ff.), and as a coin-figure.

Parada
s.v. Tmolus
 * Τμῶλος
 * Gave the government to his wife at the death of her father, the king. He was the judge of a musical contest between Pan and Apollo.


 * ••Omphale
 * ••Omphale


 * D..Ov.Met.11.156, Apd.2.6.3. ••Apd.2.6.3