User:Pb1791

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@Wikipedia since 02/18/2008

The AHEAD ammunition (A dvanced Hit Efficiency And Destruction) is a Air burst munition (ABM). It was developed by Rheinmetall Air Defence - the former Oerlikon Contraves (a subsidiary of the German Rheinmetall Rheinmetall Defence). It is also known as KETF ammunition (Kinetic Energy T ime F uze) which describes the effect of the ammunition.

Application
The ammunition was developed for use against combat helicopters and combat aircraft as well as small air targets. These include UAVs, but also very fast and difficult to control small targets like  Rakete s,   Artillerie grenades or   Mörser ammunition ('RAM' '). It is also equally suitable for the destruction of small sea targets such as speedboat s for use against lightly armored or unarmored ground targets as armored personnel carrier, fortified positions and Infantry.

Design and mode
The bullet is (152-330 pieces) from a Wolfram alloy provided depending on the caliber and the variant with a different number of sub-projectiles. It leaves the barrel the projectile via an electric detonator programming coil with data from the fire control is supplied. The calculation of the fuse setting time is based on the measurement of muzzle velocity and inclusion of the target range and is programmed for each floor inductively at the muzzle. The muzzle is therefore both a measurement as programmer. Assuming a muzzle velocity of 740 & nbsp; m / s and a distance of 20 & nbsp; cm between the two institutions so that remains for measurement, calculation and programming only a total time of 270 & nbsp; microseconds.

The fight against the target is carried out by the multiple impact of spin stabilized heavy metal sub-projectiles passing through the programmed fuse just before the attacked target  (just  'ahead' 'of the target) '' be expelled from the bursting charge. The time resolution for the separation is less than 10 milliseconds. The effect on the decomposition is then comparable to the conical propagation of a shotgun blast. The operating principle uses with advanced control of the weapon system and accurate programming of the bursting charge used until the First World War, then a long time uncommon principle of shrapnel s on again. The effect on the target based solely on the kinetic energy of submunitions.

A brief burst produced by possible different ignition shielding the calculated target position by a  cloud  of sub-projectiles. The surface of the target will be hit by the sub-projectiles. Through these multiple puncture the target is destroyed or at least damaged to the extent that it is ineffective.

The propellant of the cartridge consists of monobasic nitrocellulose.

Verwendung
Das AHEAD-System hat die Zulassung der NATO und kann auf verschiedenen Waffensystemen und Geschützen verwendet werden.

In erster Linie kommt die Munition auf den weitverbreiteten Oerlikon-Geschützen wie den bekannten Oerlikon 35-mm-FlaK-Geschützen und der 35/1000-Revolverkanone oder der amerikanischen Bushmaster-III-Chain-Gun zum Einsatz. Im Geschoss des Kalibers 35 × 228 mm sind dabei 152 3,3 g schwere Subprojektile enthalten. Die Munition ist dabei als einzige ihres Kalibers in der Lage, in der Nahbereichsverteidigung (engl. Close-in-Weapon-System) Flugkörper in Entfernungen über 1000 m zu bekämpfen.

Die 30-mm-Variante der Munition (Kaliber 30 × 173 mm) ist als eine der Standardmunitionsarten beim neuen deutschen Schützenpanzer Puma vorgesehen. Sie wird dann in Kombination mit der Maschinenkanone MK 30-2/ABM von Rheinmetall verwendet, kann aber auch beispielsweise in der Mk 44 Bushmaster II eingesetzt werden. Sie enthält 162 Subprojektile mit einem Gewicht von je 1,24 Gramm und eine 0,5 Gramm schwere Zerlegerladung.

Für das Verschießen mit Granatmaschinengewehren (beispielsweise MK-19 oder HK GMW) wurde das Kaliber 40 × 53 mm entwickelt. Es enthält 330 Subprojektile.