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Genetics
Bone mineral density (BMD) is highly variable between individuals. While there has been many environmental factors that affect bone mineral density, genetic factors play a large role in BMD as well. Bone Mineral Density variation has been estimated to have 0.6-0.8 heritability factor, meaning that 60-80% of BMD variation is inherited from parents. Because of the heritability of Bone Mineral Density, family history of fractures is considered as a risk factor for osteoporosis (cite from risk factor paper above). Bone Mineral Density is polygenic and many of the genetic mechanisms still remain poorly understood.

Genetic Diseases Associated with Bone Mineral Density
There are several rare genetic diseases that have been associated with pathologic changes in bone mineral density. The table below summarizes these diseases:

1 - https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv.23.3.0464

2 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0282-7

3 - PMID: 25905357

4 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096719206001648?via%3Dihub

5 - https://doi.org/10.1530/eje-20-0299

6 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096719206001648?via%3Dihub