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This article documents tornadoes, including waves of tornadoes that have occurred in Brazil since the 19th century (by Federal Unit). In ancient times, records of these convective events are underestimated due to the scarcity of data. Gustnados are also documented, although they are different phenomena.

Contrary to popular belief that tornadoes do not occur in Brazil, the Río de la Plata Basin is characterized by medium tornado activity and very high very severe convection activity (intense downward gusts >120 km/h, torrential precipitation, bow-echoes/derechoes and large hail >5 cm). This region includes countries such as Argentina, Central-South Bolivia, all of Central-South Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay.

The annual frequency of tornadoes in the Río de la Plata Basin is unknown, due to the scarcity of data and studies on the topic. However, the frequency of severe storms has been estimated at over 400 hours (>17 days) per year in the Río de la Plata Basin, the second largest in the world.