User:PenangLion/Politics sandbox

Presidents of the Beiyang government
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center; font-size:95% " ! scope="col" | !Portrait ! colspan="1" scope="col" |TitlePresident (Lifespan) ! colspan="3" scope="col" |Term of office & mandate Duration in years and days !Party ! colspan="2" |Vice President !Governments
 * colspan="10" |
 * colspan="10" |

Presidents of the Provisional Government (1912–1913)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | (Republican) ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#031096" style="color:white" |
 * rowspan="2" |Sun_Yat_Sen_portrait_2_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="2" |Father of the Republic of ChinaSun Yat-sen孫文(1886–1925)
 * 1 January1912
 * 1 April1912
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1911
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Tongmenghui
 * bgcolor="" rowspan="2" |
 * rowspan="2" |Li Yuanhong (Beiyang clique)
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" style="font-weight:normal" |Nanking Provisional
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" style="font-weight:normal" |Nanking Provisional
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#CD853F" style="color:white" |
 * rowspan="6" |Yuan_Shikai_in_uniform_(closeup,_9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="6" |GeneralissimoYuan Shikai袁世凯(1859–1916)
 * rowspan="5" |1 April1912
 * rowspan="5" |10 October1913
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |1912
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Beiyang clique (military) 
 * bgcolor="" rowspan="6" |
 * rowspan="6" |Li Yuanhong
 * rowspan="6" |Li Yuanhong
 * Tang I
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Aloof
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhao
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Duan Provisional
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Talented
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Duan Provisional
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Talented
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Talented
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Talented
 * colspan="9" |
 * colspan="9" |

Presidents of the Beiyang government (1913–1915, 1916–1928)
 (military)  (Progressive) ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 12 December 1915–22 March 1916, Yuan Shikai proclaimed an empire and was declared as the Hongxian Emperor.  (military)   (military)  (Progressive) ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 17 July 1917–10 October 1918, then-incumbent Vice President General Feng Guozhang (Zhili clique) became Acting President. ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 2–11 June 1922, former Finance Minister Zhou Ziqi (Communications clique) became Acting President. ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 14 June–10 October 1923, then-incumbent Premier Gao Lingwei (Zhili clique) became Acting President. ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 2–24 November 1924, then-incumbent Acting Premier Huang Fu (Zhili clique) became Acting President. ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 20 April–13 May 1926, former Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Hu Weide (Zhili clique) assumed the positions of both Premier and President as Acting Provisional Chief Executive. ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 13 May–22 June 1926, former Premier Yan Huiqing (Anhui clique) assumed the position of both Acting Premier and Acting President. ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 22 June–1 October 1926, Admiral Du Xigui (Zhili clique) assumed the position of both Acting Premier and Acting President. ! colspan="4" rowspan="2" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 1 October 1926–17 June 1927, former Premier Wellington Koo (nonpartisan) assumed the position of both Acting Premier and Acting President. (resigned) ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" |
 * rowspan="8" bgcolor="#CD853F" style="color:white" |
 * rowspan="4" |Picture_of_Yuan_Shikai_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="4" |GeneralissimoYuan Shikai袁世凯(1859–1916)
 * rowspan="3" |10 October1913
 * rowspan="3" |12 December1915
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |1913
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Beiyang clique
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Beiyang clique
 * bgcolor="" rowspan="4" |
 * rowspan="4" |Li Yuanhong
 * Sun Provisional
 * rowspan="2" |Xu Shichang I
 * rowspan="2" |Xu Shichang I
 * rowspan="2" |Xu Shichang I
 * style="font-weight:normal" |袁世凱祭天_(9to12).jpg
 * style="font-weight:normal" |袁世凱祭天_(9to12).jpg
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Beiyang clique
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * Lou II
 * rowspan="3" |YuanShikaiPresidente1915_(9to12,_version_two).jpg
 * rowspan="3" |GeneralissimoYuan Shikai袁世凯(1859–1916) (died in office)
 * rowspan="2" |22 March1916
 * rowspan="2" |6 June1916
 * rowspan="3" |-
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Beiyang clique
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Beiyang clique
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#008000" |
 * rowspan="3" |Li Yuanhong
 * Xu Shichang II
 * rowspan="3" |Duan I
 * rowspan="3" |Duan I
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#008000" |
 * rowspan="6" |RetartoDeLiYuanhongLibroDePutnamWeale_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="6" |GeneralissimoLi Yuanhong黎元洪(1864–1928) (forced out)
 * rowspan="5" |6 June1916
 * rowspan="5" |17 July1917
 * rowspan="6" |-
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Progressive
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * rowspan="6" |Feng Guozhang (Zhili clique)
 * Wu Provisional
 * Jiang Provisional
 * Li
 * rowspan="3" |Duan II
 * Jiang Provisional
 * Li
 * rowspan="3" |Duan II
 * rowspan="3" |Duan II
 * rowspan="3" |Duan II
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * rowspan="3" |Feng-Kwo-Chang,_President_of_China_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="3" |Feng-Kwo-Chang,_President_of_China_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Zhili clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Position vacant
 * Wang Shizhen
 * Duan III
 * rowspan="11" bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * rowspan="11" |徐世昌_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="11" |Xu Shichang徐世昌(1855–1939) (forced out)
 * rowspan="10" |10 October1918
 * rowspan="10" |2 June1922
 * rowspan="11" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |1918
 * rowspan="11" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Anhui clique (civilian) 
 * colspan="2" rowspan="11" |Position vacant
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Qian Provisional
 * Qian
 * Gong Provisional
 * Jin Provisional
 * Jin I
 * Sa Provisional
 * Jin II
 * Jin III
 * Liang
 * rowspan="3" |Zhou Caretaker
 * Jin I
 * Sa Provisional
 * Jin II
 * Jin III
 * Liang
 * rowspan="3" |Zhou Caretaker
 * Jin III
 * Liang
 * rowspan="3" |Zhou Caretaker
 * Liang
 * rowspan="3" |Zhou Caretaker
 * rowspan="3" |Zhou Caretaker
 * bgcolor=" " style="font-weight:normal" |
 * style="font-weight:normal" |Zhou_Ziqi.jpg
 * style="font-weight:normal" |Zhou_Ziqi.jpg
 * bgcolor="#87add9" |Communications clique (civilian) 
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * rowspan="7" bgcolor="#008000" |
 * rowspan="7" |Li_Yuanhong(2)_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="7" |GeneralissimoLi Yuanhong黎元洪(1864–1928) (forced out)
 * rowspan="6" |11 June1922
 * rowspan="6" |13 June1923
 * rowspan="7" |-
 * rowspan="7" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Research clique (civilian) 
 * colspan="2" rowspan="7" |Position vacant
 * Yan I
 * Tang II
 * Good People's
 * Wang Daxie
 * C.T. Wang
 * rowspan="2" |Zhang Shaozeng
 * Wang Daxie
 * C.T. Wang
 * rowspan="2" |Zhang Shaozeng
 * C.T. Wang
 * rowspan="2" |Zhang Shaozeng
 * rowspan="2" |Zhang Shaozeng
 * bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * 高凌霨_(9to12).jpg
 * 高凌霨_(9to12).jpg
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Zhili clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * Gao Caretaker
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * rowspan="6" |Cao_Kun_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="6" |GeneralCao Kun曹錕(1862–1938) (deposed)
 * rowspan="5" |10 October1923
 * rowspan="5" |2 November1924
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |1923
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Zhili clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" rowspan="6" |Position vacant
 * style="font-weight:normal" |Gao Provisional
 * Sun
 * Koo Provisional
 * Yan II
 * rowspan="3" |Huang Caretaker
 * Koo Provisional
 * Yan II
 * rowspan="3" |Huang Caretaker
 * rowspan="3" |Huang Caretaker
 * rowspan="3" |Huang Caretaker
 * bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * Huang_Fu_03_(cropped).JPG
 * Huang_Fu_03_(cropped).JPG
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Zhili clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * rowspan="4" |DuanQirui_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="4" |GeneralDuan Qirui段祺瑞(1865–1936) (forced out)
 * rowspan="3" |24 November1924
 * rowspan="3" |20 April1926
 * rowspan="4" |-
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Anhui clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" rowspan="4" |Position vacant
 * Provisional Governance
 * Xu Shiying
 * rowspan="2" |Jia
 * Xu Shiying
 * rowspan="2" |Jia
 * rowspan="2" |Jia
 * bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * Hu_Weide_1917_(9to12).jpg
 * Hu_Weide_1917_(9to12).jpg
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Zhili clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * Hu Provisional Caretaker
 * bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * Dr.W.W.Yan_(9to12).jpg
 * Dr.W.W.Yan_(9to12).jpg
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Anhui clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * Yan Caretaker
 * bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * [[File:Du_Xigui_(9to12).jpg]]
 * [[File:Du_Xigui_(9to12).jpg]]
 * bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Zhili clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" |Position vacant
 * Du Provisional Caretaker
 * bgcolor="" rowspan="2" |
 * rowspan="2" |Gu_Weijun_(9to12).JPG
 * rowspan="2" |Gu_Weijun_(9to12).JPG
 * bgcolor="" rowspan="2" |Nonpartisan
 * colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Position vacant
 * Koo Provisional Caretaker
 * Koo Caretaker
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#CD853F" |
 * rowspan="2" |Zhang_Zuolin_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="2" |GeneralissimoZhang Zuolin張作霖(1875–1928) (assassinated)
 * 18 June1927
 * 4 June1928
 * rowspan="2" |-
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#f7d1b0" |Fengtian clique (military) 
 * colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Position vacant
 * rowspan="2" |Pan
 * colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Position vacant
 * rowspan="2" |Pan
 * colspan="10" |
 * colspan="10" |

Chairmen of the Nationalist government (1928–1948)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 15 December–1 January 1932, then-incumbent President of the Legislative Yuan Lin Sen (Kuomintang) became Acting Chairman. ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 1 August–1 Oct. 1943, former Chairmen Chiang Kai-shek (Kuomintang) became Acting Chairman. ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | !
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="2" |Tan_Yankai2_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="2" |GeneralTan Yankai譚延闓(1880–1930)
 * 7 February1928
 * 10 October1928
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Feb. 1928
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Kuomintang
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Tan
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Tan
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Tan
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Tan
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang_Kai-Shek_cph.3b17136_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="4" |GeneralissimoChiang Kai-shek蔣中正(1887–1975) (resigned)
 * rowspan="3" |10 October1928
 * rowspan="3" |15 December1931
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |August 1928
 * rowspan="4" |Kuomintang
 * rowspan="4" |
 * rowspan="4" |
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |March 1929
 * rowspan="2" |Chiang I
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |March 1929
 * rowspan="2" |Chiang I
 * rowspan="2" |Chiang I
 * bgcolor="#031096" |
 * Lin_Sen2_(9to12).jpg
 * Lin_Sen2_(9to12).jpg
 * Kuomintang
 * rowspan="2" |Sun Ke I
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="6" |Lin_Sen_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="6" |Lin Sen林森(1868–1943) (died in office)
 * 1 January1932
 * 1 August1943
 * rowspan="6" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Dec. 1931
 * Kuomintang
 * Wang Jingwei
 * Chiang II
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Wang Jingwei
 * Chiang II
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Wang Jingwei
 * Chiang II
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Chiang II
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Chiang II
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Chiang II
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * Kung
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang III
 * bgcolor="#031096" |
 * Chiang_Kai-shek_(9to12).jpg
 * Chiang_Kai-shek_(9to12).jpg
 * Kuomintang
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="4" |Chiang_Kai-shek's_speech_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="4" |GeneralissimoChiang Kai-shek蔣中正(1887–1975)
 * rowspan="3" |1 October1943
 * rowspan="3" |20 May1948
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Sept. 1943
 * Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Soong I
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Soong I
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Soong I
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Soong I
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Soong I
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Zhang Qun
 * colspan="10" |
 * colspan="10" |

Presidents after the 1947 Constitution (1948–1996)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! colspan="4" style="font-weight:normal" | Between 21 Jan. 1949–1 March 1950, then-incumbent Vice President Li Zongren (Kuomintang) became Acting President. ! ! ! ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | !
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="2" |Chiang_Kai-shek（蔣中正）_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="2" |GeneralissimoChiang Kai-shek蔣中正(1887–1975)
 * 20 May1948
 * 21 January1949
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1948
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Kuomintang
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#031096" |
 * 李宗仁戎裝照_(9to12).jpg
 * 李宗仁戎裝照_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="12" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="12" |蔣中正總統玉照_(9to12).png
 * rowspan="12" |GeneralissimoChiang Kai-shek蔣中正(1887–1975)
 * rowspan="11" |1 March1950
 * rowspan="11" |5 April1975
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1954
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="11" |1 March1950
 * rowspan="11" |5 April1975
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1954
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1960
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1966
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1966
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1972
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="2" |President_Yen_Chia-kan_(9to12).png
 * rowspan="2" |Yen Chia-kan嚴家淦(1905–1993)
 * 5 April1975
 * 20 May1978
 * rowspan="2" |-
 * rowspan="2" |-
 * rowspan="5" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="3" |第7任總統蔣經國先生玉照.jpg
 * rowspan="3" |GeneralChiang Ching-kuo嚴家淦(1910–1988)
 * rowspan="2" |20 May1978
 * rowspan="2" |13 January1988
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" style="font-weight:normal" |1978
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1984
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1984
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1984
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1984
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1984
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1984
 * rowspan="5" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="5" |1991年李登輝宣布動員戡亂時期於5月1日終止_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="5" |Lee Teng-hui李登輝(1923–2020)
 * rowspan="4" |13 January1988
 * rowspan="4" |20 May1996
 * rowspan="5" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1990
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * colspan="10" |
 * colspan="10" |

Presidents post-democratization (1996 onwards)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! ! ! colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; font-weight:normal" | ! !
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="2" |
 * rowspan="2" |Lee Teng-hui李登輝(1923–2020)
 * 20 May1996
 * 20 May2000
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |1996
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Kuomintang
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |
 * rowspan="3" style="background:; color:white;" |
 * rowspan="3" |總統陳水扁先生玉照_(國民大會實錄)_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="3" |Chen Shui-bian陳水扁(b. 1950)
 * rowspan="2" |20 May2000
 * rowspan="2" |20 May2008
 * bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2000
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Democratic Progressive
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2004
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2004
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2004
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2004
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2004
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2004
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#031096" |
 * rowspan="3" |中華民國第12、13任總統馬英九先生官方肖像照_(9to12).jpg
 * rowspan="3" |Ma Ying-jeou馬英九(b. 1950)
 * rowspan="2" |20 May2008
 * rowspan="2" |20 May2016
 * bgcolor="#d4dcff" style="font-weight:normal" |2008
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Kuomintang
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |2012
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |Kuomintang
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |2012
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |2012
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |2012
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |2012
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#d4dcff" |2012
 * rowspan="3" style="background:; color:white;" |
 * rowspan="3" |蔡英文官方元首肖像照_(cropped).png
 * rowspan="3" |Tsai Ing-wen蔡英文(b. 1956)
 * rowspan="2" |20 May2016
 * rowspan="2" |Incumbent
 * bgcolor="#ccffcf" style="font-weight:normal" |2016
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Democratic Progressive
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2020
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |Democratic Progressive
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2020
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2020
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2020
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2020
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcf" |2020
 * }
 * }

List 1
The prime minister of Malaysia (Perdana Menteri Malaysia; ڤردان منتري مليسيا) is the head of government of Malaysia. The prime minister directs the executive branch of the federal government. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong appoints the prime minister as a member of Parliament (MP) who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. This person is usually the leader of the party winning the most seats in a general election.

After the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, Tunku Abdul Rahman, the chief minister of the Federation of Malaya, became the first prime minister of Malaysia.

Appointment
According to the Federal Constitution, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall first appoint a prime minister to preside over the Cabinet. The prime minister is to be a member of the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives), and who in his majesty's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House. This person must be a Malaysian citizen, but cannot have obtained their citizenship by means of naturalisation or registration. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall appoint other ministers from either the Dewan Rakyat or Dewan Negara (Senate) with the prime minister's advice.

The prime minister and his cabinet ministers must take and subscribe to the oath of office and allegiance as well as the oath of secrecy in the presence of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong before they can exercise functions of office. The Cabinet is collectively accountable to the Parliament of Malaysia. The members of the Cabinet shall not hold any office of profit and engage in any trade, business or profession that will cause a conflict of interest. The Prime Minister's Department (sometimes referred to as the Prime Minister's Office) is the body and ministry in which the prime minister exercises his/her functions and powers.

In the case where a government cannot get its appropriation (budget) legislation passed by the House of Representatives, or when the House passes a vote of "no confidence" in the government, the prime minister is bound by convention to resign immediately. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's choice of replacement prime minister will be dictated by the circumstances. All other ministers shall continue to hold office by the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, unless if the appointment of any minister is revoked by his majesty upon the advice of the prime minister. Any minister may resign his office.

Following a resignation in other circumstances, defeat in an election, or the death of a prime minister, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong would generally appoint as the new leader of the governing party or coalition as new Prime Minister.

Malaysia uses first-past-the-post-voting system, which means a party or coalition who gets 112 seats in lower house will lead the government.

Powers
The power of the prime minister is subject to a number of limitations. Prime ministers removed as leader of his or her party, or whose government loses a vote of no confidence in the House of Representatives, must advise a new election of the lower house or resign the office. The defeat of a supply bill (one that concerns the spending of money) or unable to pass important policy-related legislation is seen to require the resignation of the government or dissolution of Parliament, much like a non-confidence vote, since a government that cannot spend money is hamstrung, also called loss of supply.

The prime minister's party will normally have a majority in the House of Representatives and party discipline is exceptionally strong in Malaysian politics, so passage of the government's legislation through the House of Representatives is mostly a formality.

Under the Constitution, the prime minister's role includes advising the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on:
 * the appointment of the federal ministers (full members of cabinet);
 * the appointment of the federal deputy ministers, parliamentary secretaries (non-full members of cabinet);
 * the appointment of 44 out of 70 Senators in the Dewan Negara;
 * the summoning and adjournment of sittings of the Dewan Rakyat;
 * the appointment of judges of the superior courts (which are the High Courts, the Court of Appeal, and the Federal Court);
 * the appointment of the attorney-general and the auditor-general; and
 * the appointment of the chairmen and members of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, Election Commission, Police Force Commission, Education Service Commission, National Finance Council, and Armed Forces Council;

Under Article 39 of the Constitution, executive authority is vested in the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. However, Article 40(1) states that in most cases, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is bound to exercise his powers on the advice of the Cabinet or a minister acting under the Cabinet's general authority. Thus, most of the day-to-day work of governing is actually done by the prime minister and the Cabinet.

Acting prime minister
From time to time, prime ministers are required to leave the country on business and a deputy is appointed to take their place during that time. In the days before jet aeroplanes, such absences could be for extended periods. However, the position can be fully decided by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the king of Malaysia when the position remains empty following the sudden resignation or death of the prime minister.

Caretaker prime minister
Under Article 55(3) of Constitution of Malaysia, the lower house of Parliament, unless sooner dissolved by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong with his own discretion on the advice of the prime minister, shall continue for five years from the date of its first meeting. Article 55(4) of the Constitution permits a delay of 60 days of general election to be held from the date of dissolution and Parliament shall be summoned to meet on a date not later than 120 days from the date of dissolution. Conventionally, between the dissolution of one Parliament and the convening of the next, the prime minister and the cabinet remain in office in a caretaker capacity.

Interim prime minister
The office of interim prime minister was created by the king before the appointment of the new prime minister during the 2020 Malaysian political crisis. However, caretaker prime minister is mentioned as the cabinet tendered resignation to the king until a new prime minister is appointed.

List of prime ministers of Malaysia
Colour key (for political coalitions/parties):

(2) (6)  (2)  (1)

List of acting prime ministers of Malaysia
Colour key (for political parties):

List of interim or caretaker prime ministers of Malaysia
Colour key (for political parties):

List 2
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center; font-size:90% " ! colspan="2" scope="col" |Portrait ! colspan="1" scope="col" | Prime Minister (Lifespan) ! colspan="3" scope="col" | Term of office & mandate Duration in years and days !Coalition (Party) !Government !Monarch ! colspan="9" |

Chief minister (1955–1957)
Tunku Abdul Rahman]] MLC for Sungei Muda (1903–1990) 1955 1957 (UMNO) (1955–1957) ! colspan="9" |Prime Minister (1957–present) Tunku Abdul Rahman]] MP for Kuala Kedah (1903–1990) 1957 1970 (UMNO) (1957–1960) (1960) (1960–1965) (1965–1970) (1970–1975) Abdul Razak Hussein]]
 * rowspan="2" |
 * rowspan="2" |Tunku Abdul Rahman, 1947 (cropped 4to3 format, closeup).jpg
 * rowspan="2" | [[Tunku Abdul Rahman|His Highness
 * rowspan="2" | [[Tunku Abdul Rahman|His Highness
 * 1 August
 * 30 August
 * 1955
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Alliance
 * rowspan="2" |1. Rahman I
 * rowspan="2" |Elizabeth II
 * colspan="3" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal" | 2 years
 * colspan="3" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal" | 2 years
 * rowspan="5" |
 * rowspan="5" |[[File:Aankomst Prins Abdoel Rahman op Ypenburg, Bestanddeelnr 911-8186 (cropped 3to4).jpg|107x107px]]
 * rowspan="5" | [[Tunku Abdul Rahman|His Highness
 * rowspan="5" | [[Tunku Abdul Rahman|His Highness
 * rowspan="4" |31 August
 * rowspan="4" |22 September
 * rowspan="5" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Alliance
 * rowspan="5" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Alliance
 * 2. Rahman II
 * Abdul Rahman
 * 1959
 * rowspan="2" |3. Rahman III
 * Hisamuddin
 * Hisamuddin
 * 1964
 * Putra
 * Putra
 * 1969
 * rowspan="2" |4. Rahman IV
 * Ismail Nasiruddin
 * Ismail Nasiruddin
 * colspan="3" |13 years, 25 days
 * rowspan="3" |Abdul Halim
 * rowspan="3" |Abdul Halim
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="3" |Tun Abdul Razak Universiti (4to3).jpg
 * rowspan="3" | [[Abdul Razak Hussein|Tun Haji
 * rowspan="3" | [[Abdul Razak Hussein|Tun Haji

MP for Pekan (1922–1976) 1970 1976 (UMNO) (UMNO) (1975–1979) Hussein Onn]]
 * rowspan="2" |22 September
 * rowspan="2" |14 January
 * bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Alliance
 * bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Alliance
 * 5. Razak I
 * 1974
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * rowspan="2" |6. Razak II
 * colspan="3" |5 years, 115 days
 * rowspan="3" |Yahya Petra
 * rowspan="3" |Yahya Petra
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="3" |Tun Hussein Onn potrait (cropped-1-closeup).jpg
 * rowspan="3" | [[Hussein Onn|Tun
 * rowspan="3" | [[Hussein Onn|Tun

MP for Sri Gading (1922–1990) 1976 1981 (UMNO) (1979–1984) Mahathir Mohamad]]
 * rowspan="2" |14 January
 * rowspan="2" |16 July
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * 7. Hussein I
 * 1978
 * rowspan="2" |8. Hussein II
 * colspan="3" |5 years, 184 days
 * rowspan="2" |Ahmad Shah
 * colspan="3" |5 years, 184 days
 * rowspan="2" |Ahmad Shah
 * rowspan="7" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="7" |Mahathir 1984 (cropped).jpg
 * rowspan="7" | [[Mahathir Mohamad|Tun Dr.
 * rowspan="7" | [[Mahathir Mohamad|Tun Dr.

MP for Kubang Pasu (b. 1925) 1981 2003 (UMNO) (1984–1989) (1989–1994) (1994–1999) (1999–2001) (2001–2006) Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]]
 * rowspan="6" |16 July
 * rowspan="6" |30 October
 * –
 * rowspan="7" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * 9. Mahathir I
 * 1982
 * 10. Mahathir II
 * rowspan="2" |Iskandar
 * rowspan="2" |Iskandar
 * 1986
 * 11. Mahathir III
 * 1990
 * 12. Mahathir IV
 * Azlan Shah
 * 12. Mahathir IV
 * Azlan Shah
 * 1995
 * 13. Mahathir V
 * Ja'afar
 * Ja'afar
 * 1999
 * rowspan="2" |14. Mahathir VI
 * Salahuddin
 * Salahuddin
 * colspan="3" |22 years, 110 days
 * rowspan="3" |Sirajuddin
 * rowspan="3" |Sirajuddin
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="4" |Abdullah Badawi (cropped, 4to3 format, closeup).jpg
 * rowspan="4" | [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi|Tun
 * rowspan="4" | [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi|Tun

MP for Kepala Batas (b. 1939) 2003 2009 (UMNO) (2006–2011) Mahathir Mohamad]]
 * rowspan="3" |30 October
 * rowspan="3" |3 April
 * –
 * rowspan="4" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * 15. Abdullah I
 * 2004
 * 16. Abdullah II
 * 2008
 * rowspan="2" |17. Abdullah III
 * rowspan="3" |Mizan Zainal Abidin
 * rowspan="2" |17. Abdullah III
 * rowspan="3" |Mizan Zainal Abidin
 * colspan="3" |5 years, 156 days
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="3" |Dato Sri Mohd Najib Tun Razak (9to12).JPG
 * rowspan="3" | [[Mahathir Mohamad|Tun Dr.
 * rowspan="3" |Dato Sri Mohd Najib Tun Razak (9to12).JPG
 * rowspan="3" | [[Mahathir Mohamad|Tun Dr.

MP for Kubang Pasu (b. 1925) 2009 2018 (UMNO) (2011–2016) (2016–2019) Mahathir Mohamad]]
 * rowspan="2" |3 April
 * rowspan="2" |10 May
 * –
 * rowspan="3" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * 18. Najib I
 * 2013
 * rowspan="2" |19. Najib II
 * Abdul Halim
 * Abdul Halim
 * colspan="3" |9 years, 38 days
 * rowspan="2" |Muhammad V
 * rowspan="2" |Muhammad V
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="2" |Mahathir in Baku (format 4to3 portrait).jpg
 * rowspan="2" | [[Mahathir Mohamad|Tun Dr.
 * rowspan="2" | [[Mahathir Mohamad|Tun Dr.

MP for Langkawi (b. 1925) 2018 2020 (BERSATU) (since 2019) Muhyiddin Yassin]]
 * 10 May
 * 24 February
 * 2018
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccb" |Pakatan Harapan
 * rowspan="2" |20. Mahathir VII
 * colspan="3" |1 year, 290 days
 * rowspan="9" |Abdullah
 * rowspan="9" |Abdullah
 * colspan="8" | During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad was the Interim Prime Minister. (24 February–1 March 2020) 
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="2" |Muhyiddin Yassin (51087589446) (cropped).jpg
 * rowspan="2" | [[Muhyiddin Yassin|Tan Sri Dato' Haji
 * rowspan="2" |Muhyiddin Yassin (51087589446) (cropped).jpg
 * rowspan="2" | [[Muhyiddin Yassin|Tan Sri Dato' Haji

MP for Pagoh (b. 1947) 2020 2021 (BERSATU) Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]
 * 1 March
 * 16 August
 * –
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#87add9" |Perikatan Nasional
 * rowspan="2" |21. Muhyiddin
 * colspan="3" |1 year, 167 days
 * colspan="8" | During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Muhyiddin Yassin was the Caretaker Prime Minister. (16–21 August 2021) 
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="2" |Ismail Sabri Fumio Kishida 2022 (cropped).jpg
 * rowspan="2" |[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob|YB Dato' Sri
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="2" |Ismail Sabri Fumio Kishida 2022 (cropped).jpg
 * rowspan="2" |[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob|YB Dato' Sri

MP for Bera (b. 1960) 2021 2022 (UMNO) Anwar Ibrahim]]
 * 21 August
 * 24 November
 * –
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |Barisan Nasional
 * rowspan="2" |22. Ismail Sabri
 * colspan="3" |1 year, 94 days
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan="2" |
 * rowspan="2" |[[Anwar Ibrahim|YAB Dato' Seri
 * rowspan="2" |
 * rowspan="2" |[[Anwar Ibrahim|YAB Dato' Seri

MP for Tambun (b. 1947) 2022 (PKR)
 * 24 November
 * Incumbent
 * 2022
 * rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccb" |Pakatan Harapan
 * rowspan="2" |23. Anwar
 * colspan="3" |
 * }
 * }

Test
Colour key (for political coalitions/parties):

(2) (6)  (2)  (1)