User:Pfold/sandbox-ohg

=Ludwigslied=

Genre
Since the rediscovery of the manuscript in the 19th century there has been a debate about the genre of the Ludwigslied. Some, particularly earlier scholars, have seen it as an example of the Preislied, a song in praise of a warrior hero, a genre from the pre-Christian Germanic past. There are many examples of such songs from North Germanic, but the Ludwigslied would be the sole OHG example and, with no clear examples, in Old English, the existence of such a genre in West Germanic is speculative.

, such as is well attested in Old Norse verse, but not otherwise found in OHG.

is the only work of OHG literature relating directly a contemporary event, and is the only such work in German until the political songs of the 13th century. As such, establishing the genre of the song has proved controversial. The issue revolves around the extent to which, given its strong religious elements, the Ludwigslied embodies a pre-Christian heroic

Some have seen th Ludwigslied as a blend of pre-conversion and Christian elements, while more rectn schoilarship has generally been dismissive of attempts to identify archain elements

Some features cited in favour of the Preislied are not tied to the pre-Christian era: the relation between a leader and his followers shown in the Ludwigslied is not an anachronism in the 9th century.


 * "The poem is also devoid of all stylistic devices that are characteristic of Germanic heroic poetry. In adopting the new end-rhyming verse couplet, the poet made it clear that he did not want this new Christian heroism to be confused with the Old Germanic heroic traditions which had no relevance to the Christian faith." (sfn|Wolf|1991|p=76)


 * "Die Darstellung des Königs als Vorkämpfer, sein Verhältnis zu seinen Gefolgsleuten läßt sich allerdings ebenso im Rahmen des 9. Jh.s verstehen."(Marold, p.401)

Bibliog

 * Ugé, Karine. "4 St Rictrude, her Family and the Abbey of Marchiennes (c. 640–1130)". Creating the Monastic Past in Medieval Flanders, Boydell and Brewer: Boydell and Brewer, 2005, pp. 97-141. https://doi-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1515/9781846153921-009

https://www.geschichtsquellen.de/werk/3403 https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11688743?page=730

www.persee.fr/doc/annor_0003-4134_2003_num_53_4_1453 https://www.persee.fr/doc/annor_0003-4134_1961_num_11_3_4483_t1_0249_0000_3 https://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1946_num_1_1_2036





Dynastic
With the death of Louis II in April 879, there was some dispute over succession, but in Serptember 879 his sons Louis II and Carloman II became joint rulers of Francia.

Composition
While

Whilst it is clear that the work’s primary mode of reception was that of public recital (at victory celebrations?), there have been several theories as to the poem’s intentions: It is quite possible that the LL was composed with a number of these factors in mind.
 * International propaganda: Louis the Younger of the Eastern Empire had died in January 882 leaving no obvious successor to defend Germany against the Vikings, and the poem might have been composed in German (as opposed to French) in order to lay out manifesto-style the Western monarch’s credentials as a future ruler of the East
 * Home affairs: Louis had clashed with the influential Bishop Hincmar of Reims — the only historiographer to down- play the victory - over the appointment of bishops. The theocentric schema of the poem in which an old-testamental God punishes the Franks for their sinful ways, but saves them by sending the Christ-like Louis, is of interest in this connec- tion.
 * Local interest: Gozlin, abbot of St Amand (Flanders), had particularly strong aristocratic connections and had himself fought against the Vikings. (Fouracre)

Copying
=Old High German literature=

Sonderegger

 * Inscriptions


 * Glosses
 * Translation of doctrinal & liturgical texts
 * Bible translation & exegesis


 * Alliterative verse
 * Hymn translation
 * Biblical verse
 * Christian panegyric verse
 * Historical narrative verse
 * Traditional popular verse


 * Legal prose
 * Academic prose
 * Translation of classical works
 * Physiologus tradition

Genres

 * Prose
 * Reading aids
 * Deeds
 * Liturgical texts
 * Biblical translations
 * Secular translations
 * Verse
 * Heroic lay (HL)
 * Charms
 * Religious verse
 * Alliterative
 * Rhyming
 * Historical narrative

=Old High German=

Writing system
While there are a few runic inscriptions from the pre-OHG period,, all other OHG texts are written with the Latin alphabet, which, however, was ill-suited for representing some of the sounds of OHG. This lead to considerable variations in spelling conventions, as invidual scribes and scriptoria had to develop their own solutions to these problems. Otfrid von Weissenburg, in one of the prefaces to his Evangelienbuch, offers comments on and examples of some of the issues which arise in adapting the Latin alphabet for German: "...sic etiam in multis dictis scriptio est propter litterarum aut congeriem aut incognitam sonoritatem difficilis." ("...so also, in many expressions, spelling is difficult because of the piling up of letters or their unfamiliar sound." The careful orthographies of the OHG Isidor or Notker show a similar awareness.

Texts
Die Sprachqucllen des Althochdeutschen
 * Inscriptions
 * Runic
 * In Latin alphabet
 * Glosses
 * Individual glosses
 * Glossaries
 * Technical terms in Latin texts
 * in native law codes
 * in deeds
 * Translations
 * Interlinear versions
 * Other word-for word transaltions
 * Free translations
 * Paraphrases of Latin originals
 * Macaronic texts
 * Original OHG texts without Latin models
 * Poetry
 * Prose
 * Names

Prehistory
During the Iron Age, the West Germanic tribes spread out from their homeland in Southern Denmark/Northern Germany to settle the area between the border with Rome and the valley of the river Elbe. By the third century CE they had coalesced into a number of major tribal confederations, including the Alemanni in the south west, the Bavarians in the south east, and the Franks in the central area. With the collapse of the Western Roman Empire]], the Franks spread into northern Gaul.

With the advent of the Second Sound Shift, a large-scale modification of consonants, between 500 and 700 CE., the dialects now recognized as High German separaed from the remaining continental West Germanic dialects.

The Alemannic and Bavarian populations and the Riparian Franks east of the Rhine were all affected by this change, which groups their dialects as High German. The Salian Franks settled along the Lower Rhine, did not udenrgo this sound change and their language, Low Franconoan, is the ancestor of Dutch; the Franks in Gaul were assimilated to the local population and abandoned their Germanic language for Gallo-Roman, the ancestor of French.

Coherent written texts do not appear until the second half of the 8th century, and some treat the period before 750 as "prehistoric" and date the start of Old High German proper to 750 for this reason. There are, however, a number of Elder Futhark inscriptions dating to the 6th century, as well as single words and many names found in Latin texts predating the 8th century.