User:Phadype/sandbox

INTERNET, INTRANET & EXTRANET INTERNET Internet is a worldwide network of network that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business and government computer networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat. HISTORY OF INTERNET The initial idea is credited as being leonard klienrock’s after he published his first paper entitled information flow in large communication nets on May 31, 1961. The Internet as we know it today first started being developed in the late 1960’s. In the summer of 1968, the network working group (NWG) held its meeting chaired by Elmer Shapiro with the Standford Research Institute (SRI) with attendees Steve Carr, Steve Crocker, Jeff Rulifson and Ron Stoughton. August 29, 1969 the first network switch and the piece of network equipment called “IMP” is sent to UCLA. On September 2, 1969 the first data move from UCLA host to the switch. The first distributed message and network crash On Friday October 29, 1969 at 10:30 p.m, the first internet message was sent from computer science professor Leonard Klein Rock’s Laboratory at UCLA, after the second piece of network equipment was installed at SLI. This connection not only enabled the first transmission to be made, but also considered to be the first internet backbone. The first message to be distributed was “LO” which was an attempt to “LOGIN” into the SLI computer from UCLA. The message was unable to be completed because the SLI system crashed. Ray Tomlinson introduces network e-mail in 1972, the first messaging system to send message across a network to other users. Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn design TCP during 1973 and later publish it with the help of Yogen Dalal and Carl Sunshine in December 1974. First commercial version of ARPANET known as Telenet is introduced in 1974 and considered by many to be the first internet service provider (ISP) In 1984 Paul Mockapetris and Jon Postel introduce DNS. HTML was introduced in 1990 by Tim Berners-lee and WWW was introduced to the public by the same person on August 6, 1991 Internet Terms THE WEB: the internet houses may layers of information, with each layer dedicated to a different kind of document, the web is viewed through web browser software. HTTP&HHTPS: Hypertext transfer protocol is the language of the web pages while hypertext transfer protocol secured is the web pages that has a special layer of encryption added to hide you personal information and passwords. Browser: is a free software package that let you view web pages, graphics and mostly online content. HTML and XML: Hypertext markup language is the programmatic language that web pages are based on. HTML command the web browser to display text and graphics in orderly fashion. XML is eXtensible Markup Language focuses on cataloguing and databasing the text content of a web page. URL: uniform resource locators are the web browser addresses of internet pages and files. URL works together with IP addresses to help us name, locate and bookmark specific pages and files on the web browser. IP Address: Internet protocol address is used for tracking purposes. Internet protocol address is a four part serial number with a dot separating each digit. Blogs and Blogging A blog ('web log’) is a modern online writer's column. Amateur and professional writers publish their blogs on most every kind of topic-, their hobby interest in paintball and tennis, their opinions on health care, their commentaries on celebrity gossip, photo blogs of favorite pictures, tech tips on using Microsoft Office. Social Media and Social Bookmarking Social media is the broad term for any online tool that enables users to interact with thousands of other users. Instant messaging and chatting are common forms of social media, as are blogs with comments, discussion forums, video-sharing and photo-sharing websites. ISP ISP is Internet Service Provider. That is the private company or government organization that plugs you into the vast Internet around the world. Download Downloading is a broad term that describes when you make a personal copy of something you find on the Internet or World Wide Web.

Malware Malware is the broad term to describe any malicious software designed by hackers. Malware includes, viruses, trojans, ratware. Router (aka 'Network Router’) A router, or in many cases, a router-modem combination, is the hardware device that acts as the traffic cop for network signals into your home. A router can be wired or wireless or both. Your router provides both a defense against hackers, and the redirection service of deciding which specific computer or printer should get which signals in your home. Texting/Chatting Texting is the short way to say 'text messaging', the sending of short electronic notes usually from a cell phone or handheld electronic device. Social Engineering Social engineering is the conman art of talking directly to people! to trick  them  into  divulging  passwords  and  their  private] information. All social engineering attacks are some form of a masquerade or phishing attack, designed to convince you that the) attacker is trustworthy as a friend or as a legitimate authority figure. Addons and Plugins Add-ons are custom  software  modifications.   User optionally installs add-ons to improve the power of their Web browsers or office software. Examples include, a custom eBay toolbar for your Firefox browser, a new search feature for your Outlook email. Most add-ons are free, and can be found and downloaded from the Web. Encryption and Authentication Encryption is the mathematical scrambling of data so that it is hidden from eavesdroppers. Encryption uses complex math formulas ('ciphers') to turn private data into meaningless gobbledygook that only trusted readers can unscramble. Encryption is the basis for how we use the public Internet as a pipeline to conduct trusted business, like online banking and online credit card purchasing. On the provision that reliable encryption is in place, your banking information and credit card numbers are kept private. Authentication is directly related to encryption. Authentication is the complex way that computer systems verify that you are who you say you are. Telnet Telnet is a network protocol used on the Internet or local area networks to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection. User data is interspersed in-band with Telnet control information in an 8-bit byte oriented data connection over the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Telnet was developed in 1969 beginning with RFC 15, extended in RFC 854, and standardized as Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Standard STD 8. one of the first Internet standards. Historically, Telnet provided access to a command-line interface (usually, of an operating system) on a remote host. Most network equipment and operating systems with a TCP/IP stack support a Telnet service for remote configuration (including systems based on Windows NT).

Benefits of Internet. Economics and Businesses The Internet is a powerful tool that can make your business more productive and profitable. Business Link states that within the Internet and email are used effectively, they help you streamline business activities, communicate more efficiently with customers and even generate new customers or clients—all while helping to reduce business expenses. Social The convenience of the Internet has created many different social benefits, including skills that can translate to the business world and others that are used for social activities only. Political The invention of point-and-click browsers has not only revolutionized the personal communication habits of many of us. Digital technology has also had a considerable impact on other spheres of life, notably the economy. In many countries, the Internet has also affected political communication, even the political system as a whole. Educational The penetration of internet has brought some positive values to educational system. There is so much that students can do with the Internet. Not only can they communicate with international students, they can gain from others' knowledge and experiences, participate in chatrooms, share ideas and solutions and learn about the many diverse cultures out there. Cultural The internet will continue to change our cultures in many with future advances and increasing usage. Culture is defined .1 shared behaviors, ideas, and artifacts that create a way of lid-passed from one generation to another. Every one grows up in .it least one culture and their lives are influenced everyday by bemy. surrounded in that culture. Cultural Advancement With the easy accessibility of information, cultures have been able to advance in many ways. Education is a way in which advancement of cultures has occurred. People can now learn about anything using the internet as a means of information. Intranet An intranet is a computer network that uses Internet Protocol technology to share information, operational systems, or computing services within an organization. The term is used in contrast to internet, a network between organizations, and instead refers to a network within an organization Sometimes, the term refers only to the organization's internal website Extranet A network or internet work that is limited in scope to a single organization or entity but which also has limited connections to the networks of one or more other, usually but not necessarily, trusted organizations or entities. Internet Penetration In Nigeria The first attempt at introducing Internet in Nigeria was made through the UNESCO sponsored RINAF project, in 1995. At one of the several workshops that were held to propagate the idea of the Internet, the Nigeria Internet Group (NIG) was formed as a non¬profit, non-governmental organisation with the primary aim and objective of promoting and facilitating access to the Internet in NigeriaThe Internet became a reality in Nigeria in the late 90's. Obafemi Awolowo University was the first university in Nigeria to have its own VSAT internet link Video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-SL4ejpP94