User:Philcha/Sandbox/Maevia inclemens

Philcha's notes
(a) Males considered different species, but the females knew better. (b) Males have 2 distinct forms and courting behaviors, but are equally successful with females

Expansion:
 * before: in Word, 695 w/o sps, 837 w sps
 * mid-point: in Word, 2977 w/o sps, 35301 w sps

Barnes1955NoviMaeviaNorth American Jumping Spiders of the Genus Maevia - Robert D. Barnes - American Museum Novitates - August 12, 1955 - no. 1746 - pp. 1-13 - The American Museum of Natural History
 * p. 1
 * p: 1
 * Maevia C. L. Koch, 1850
 * Salticid spiders of medium size. Carapace moderately high, between 60 per cent and 70 per cent of width. Lateral margins evenly rounded, with the widest point just behind the posterior eye row.
 * p: 2
 * only sparsely covered with hairs and scales
 * First eye row only slightly wider than third, the latter occupying about 75 per cent of the width of the carapace at that point. Ocular area occupying between 40 per cent and 50 per cent of carapace.
 * p. 2-3
 * Taxomony mess: Attus inclemens WALCKENAER, 1837, Histoire naturelle des insectes, vol. 1, p. 465, figs. 413, 464; Attus vittatus HENTZ, 1845, Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, p. 360, pl. 21, fig. 23 (male, female); Attus niger HENTZ, 1845, Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, p. 359, pl. 21, fig. 19 (male); Plexippus undatus C. L. KoCH, 1846, Die Arachniden, vol. 13, p. 123, fig. 118 (male); Maevia pencillata C. L. KOCH, 1848, Die Arachniden, vol. 14, p. 69, fig. 1325 (male); Astia vittata (Hentz), PECKHAM, 1888, Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci., vol. 7, p. 70, pl. 1, fig. 52 (male, female); Maevia vittata (Hentz), EMERTON, 1891, Trans. Connecticut Acad. Sci., vol. 8, p. 236, pl. 19, fig. 1; Maevia vittata (Hentz), SIMoN, 1903, Histoire naturelle des araignees, vol. 2, p. 849,.figs. 994-996; Maevia vittata (Hentz), PECKHAM, 1909, Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci., vol. 16, p. 452, pl. 49, fig. 7, pl. 51, fig. 8 (male, female); Maevia vittata (Hentz), PETRUNKEVITCH, 1911, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 29, p. 668; Maevia vittata (Hentz), COMSTOCK, 1940, The spider book, rev. ed., p. 702, figs. 761-763 (male, female); Maevia inclemens (Walckenaer), CHAMBERLIN AND IVIE, 1944, Bull. Univ. Utah, biol. ser., vol. 8, no. 5, p. 202; Maevia vittata (Hentz), KASTON, 1948, Connecticut Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull., no. 70, p. 495, figs. 1858-1860, 1871-1873 (male, female).
 * p. 3-4
 * Male: Total length, 4.75-6.50 mm. Coloration extremely variable. Carapace light to dark brown and margined with black line. A pair of large lighter areas separated by a thin longitudinal line of brown usually present between last eye row and halfway down posterior declivity. Eyes surrounded by black. Two or three dark hair tufts occasionally present in darker forms. Palps pale, spotted or brown to jet black. Legs pale and unmarked or heavily marked with dark spots and longitudinal and oblique lines. The former condition is most frequently associated with dark specimens. Dorsum of abdomen with a series of brown chevrons over a pale ground color which in dark forms may be completely obscured. Sides of abdomen with many short oblique bars. Venter pale to dark. Although hair tufts and unmarked legs are usually restricted to dark forms, complete gradation of color exists between the dark and light extremes. Structure typical. Anterior lateral eyes three-fourths of the diameter of the anterior medians. Eyes of anterior row equidistant and separated by one-third of the diaimeter of the anterior laterals. Eyes of second row slightly larger in diameter than one-sixth of the diameter of the anterior laterals and located midway or slightly closer to posterior eye row than to first. Third eye row as wide as first and eyes five-sixths of the diameter of anterior laterals. Ocular area formed by anterior laterals and eyes of third row wider than long (17:14) and occupying 45 per cent of the carapace. Spines of the first and second legs. A specimen of total length 5.85 mm has carapace length, 3.02 mm. and width 2.03 mm.
 * Female: Total length, 6.5-8.0 mm. Color of carapace as in light-colored males. Legs pale and unmarked. Hair tufts never present. Dorsum of abdomen chalky, with a pair of black lateral bands running from anterior to posterior. In unrubbed specimens these black bands are frequently thinly clothed with orange scales. A series of chevrons is sometimes present in median area between bands. Venter pale. Structure of carapace and eye arrangement as in male. Spines on first and second pair of legs. A specimen with total length 6.75 mm has carapace 2.38 mm. long and 2.03 mm wide.
 * p. 4:
 * This species is found throughout eastern and midwestern United States: Massachutsetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas, Kansas, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin,


 * Herberstein2011Behav - Spider Behaviour: Flexibility and Versatility - Marie Elisabeth Herberstein
 * p. 161: Tufted morph male has black body, white legs, 3 tufts on front of cephalothorax; displays by "standing up", waving forelegs while swinging from side to side, usually about 9 cm from female. Gray morph male black and white stripes, orange palps, no tufts; lowers body to substrate and sidling back and forth with legs stretched out in triangular config at 3 cm away.
 * ClarkMorjan2001Attrac Attracting female attention: the evolution of dimorphic courtship displays in the jumping spider Maevia inclemens (Araneae: Salticidae) - David L. Clark, Carrie L. Morjan - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - December 2001 - vol. 268 no. 1484 2461-2465 - 10.1098/rspb.2001.1819
 * ClarkUetz1993Sign Signal efficacy and the evolution of male dimorphism in the jumping spider Maevia inclemens - D.L. Clark, G.W. Uetz
 * ClarkBiesiadecki2002Dimorphic
 * Males of the salticid Maevia inclemens occur in two forms, a very rare phenomenon in zoology. In M. inclemens, the "tufted"  morph has a totally black body, black pedipalps, white legs and three tufts of  bristles on the front part of the cephalothorax. The "gray" morph has a black and white striped body, a prominent white stripe on the foremost eyes, striped legs and bright orange pedipalps, and no tufts. The female is rusty colored on the top of the abdomen and has a prominent white stripe below the foremost eyes. Each morph accounts for 50% of the adult males, and they make the same number of attempts to court females, but using a different courting display. In an experiment, 12 tufted (52%) and 14 gray males (54%) copulated with females after courtship. At the end of copulation, females try to capture and eat the males, but in the same experiment only one tufted and one gray male were killed. A count of offspring showed no differences in numbers of spiderlings from the two morphs. However, gray males got females' attention more quickly within 8 cm while tufted males were quicker between 8 and 30 cm from the females. The continuation of two male morphs may be an example of a mixed  Evolutionarily Stable Strategy, in which both morphs are genetically determined by their fathers' morphs, and both are equally successful in their different ways.


 * Coyle Effects of clear-cutting on the spider community of a Southern Appalachian forest - Frederick A. Coyle - J. Arachnol. - 1981 - vol 9 - 285-298, esp 288, 291-292:
 * One mature and 3 recently clear-cut sites in S. Appalachian mts. nr Highlands, N. Carolina. All specimens collected on plants or webs above ground; hunters
 * Effect of clear-cutting on abundance: marked decline in 9 species; marked increase in 4 species; M. inclemens and 6 others no change
 * Jervis Insects as Natural Enemies: A Practical Perspective - Mark A. Jervis ed. Populations and Communities: Determing trophic relationships p. 377
 * flicker fusion: human 16-55 Hz; arachnids 10-37 Hz; some insects much higher
 * M. inclemens cannot discriminate between live prey and videos - Clark, D. L. & Uetz, G. W. (1990) Anim. Behav. 40, 884-890
 * Ehmann2002ConservMinn:
 * p. 5: survey found three new U.S. range records, incl M. inclemens
 * p. 5: Species encountered with intermediate frequency incl M. inclemens
 * p 6: 6 specimens of M. inclemens
 * p. 8: Three new records (incl M. inclemens) extend known U.S. salticid distributions. These are important not only because each population is new for MN, but also because they raise expectations for finding additional populations in the intervening landscape.
 * p. 8: Buddle & Shorthouse (2002) list Canadian records for M. inclemens from Quebec and Manitoba
 * Checklist of Kansas Jumping Spiders - Hank Guarisco, Bruce Cutler, and Kenneth E. Kinman - The Kansas School Naturalist - Volume 47, Number 1 - February 2001 - Emporia State University - Emporia, Kansas - ISSN: 0022-877X
 * two forms which look so radically different from each other that they were originally considered two distinct species
 * in 7 counties of Kansas
 * Synanthropic Salticidae of the Northeast United States - Bruce Cutler - Peckhamia 2(6): 91-92, December 1990 - ISSN 1944-8120
 * A few native species have been able to establish themselves in man-made structures, most often these are found on outbuildings or structures, such as fences, rather than in permanently inhabited houses - incl Maevia inclemens


 * George and Elizabeth Peckham's historic observations on Wisconsin spiders - Joan P. Jass - Peckhamia 77.1 - 30 November 2009 - pp 1-9 - ISSN 1944-8120
 * M. inclemens found in Wisconsin - p 6
 * 1st name Attus vittatus - p 6. But Platnick says that name is now a synonym for World Spider Catalog Cobanus cambridgei. M. inclemens(Walckenaer 1837), peckhamia
 * World Spider Catalog - ch. Genus] Maevia - 11 species in all - Norman I. Platnick, Robert Raven, Toby Schuh, Ryan Choi - Version 8.5
 * p: 1989: Female carapace 2.30 mm wide, male's 2.10 (+1.10); clutch 21.07