User:Pili2/sandbox

Pa'u Riders
-Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you? Answer: Everything in this article is relevant to the topic.

-Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added? Answer: I believe that information about the weeks of preparation needed could be added. This includes aspects like horse lei making, rider lei making, attire, banners, and practice for walking in the parade.

-What else could be improved? Answer: It could be improved by adding more details of the preparation for pa'u riding in the parade. I also think that it can be improved by adding more quotes, especially from the kupuna (elders) continued the traditions of the Pa'u Rider's Club.

-Is the article neutral? Are there any claims that appear heavily biased toward a particular position? Answer: Overall the articles neutral, and focused on the history. There is no bias.

-Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented? Answer: More information on their roles in parades are underrepresented, as well as the preparations it takes.

-Check a few citations. Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article? Answer: Yes, the links work and the sources support the claims in the article.

-Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted? Answer: The references are very reliable, including: newspaper articles, books, and writings of historical people like Jack London.

-Talk page:

-What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic? Answer: There are no conversations going on about this article.

-How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects? Answer: This article is a part of and within the WikiProject Equine and the WikiProject Hawaii.

Kumulipo
http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?e=d-0beckwit2-000Sec--11haw-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin&a=d&d=D0&toc=0

http://www.kumukahi.org/units/ka_hikina/kumulipo

Prose Edda
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Prose-Edda

https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/02/the-politics-of-retelling-norse-mythology/517422/

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Snorri-Sturluson

Nuwa
https://acutonics.com/news/the-myth-of-nue-gua-chinese-snake-goddess/

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nu-Gua

Hi'iaka
http://www.kumukahi.org/units/ke_ao_akua/akua/pele

http://www.kaahelehawaii.com/ka-huakaʻi-o-hiʻiaka-the-journey-of-hiʻiaka/

http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/pubs-online/pdf/op30p41.pdf

https://apps.ksbe.edu/olelo/learning-place/performance-indicators/chant/all/types-mele-used-oli

APA book citation:

Beckwith, M. W. (2008). Hawaiian Mythology. Charleston, SC: BiblioBazaar.

MLA book citation:

Beckwith, Martha Warren. Hawaiian Mythology. BiblioBazaar, 2008.

Book: The Epic Tale of Hi'iakaikapoliopele as told by Ho'oulumahiehie & translated by Nogelmeier

Book: Voices of Fire: Reweaving the Literary Lei of Pele and Hi'iaka

Hi'iaka Notes
Website: apps.ksbe.edu

-add to journey sections: crossing to Maui: chief refusing Hi'iaka's Mele Kahea:

-Mele Kahea:

type of chant associated with Halau hula (hula schools) used by the haumana (student) to ask permission to enter the Halau (school)

-purpose: asking permission to enter a person's home, or to entering a forest (a dwelling of the gods), used before joining a ceremony, or sometimes just to entice a learned person to share knowledge

-sometimes chanted by the gods themselves whenever they went in search of higher understanding

-what is needed: the right 'ano (proper spirit and intention), respect, and humility

-what it means to be a recipient of a Mele Kahea: high honor

-therefore, it is important for the recipient of the Mele Kahea to be mindful of one's actions, both verbal and nonverbal, when presented with such a request

-acting in an inappropriate manner whenever presented with an oli (chant): Hawaiians believe that it will anger the gods and cause ill fortune, and unnecessary strife

-Hawaiians believe that ancestors are watching our every move

-wife of the chief: became overwrought with sorrow and guilt for having been so rude to Hi'iaka

Website: hbs.bishopmuseum.org

-Hi'iaka descriptions: Hula Ceremonies

-Hi'iaka: the youngest and favorite sister of Pele

-Hi'iaka danced the first hula at the request of Pele

-during stages of hula training: ceremonies were conducted for Hi'iaka, Laka, and Kalo: sisters of Pele, at the altar in the Halau (the dwelling constructed for hula training)

Website: kaahelehawaii.com

-Kumu Hula's (teach of hula) blog

-Hi'iaka characteristics:

-prayerful and pious person

-spiritual sight = knew the journey would be long and dangerous = she asked Pele for a companion

-Companion: Pa'uopalapalai (Fern Skirt):

-a loyal retainer to the Pele family

-was in service of the gods for so long that she became like a spirit

-when they left Kilauea: they met Wahine 'Oma'o (Green Woman)

-woman of great piety, on her way to make offerings to Pele

-after she makes offerings, she joins the two on their journey

-in Puna ma Kai: they meet Papulehu:

-she was a beautiful princess

-she greets them enthusiastically and gifts them with lei (garland) made of red lehua and fragrant maile (plants that Puna is famous for) and they draped the lei around their necks

-she was neglectful of her prayers, therefore, she had no spiritual sight during the battle against Pana'ewa (the mo'o)

-she couldn't tell the difference between safe rocks/trees, and Pana'ewa's demons pretending to be rocks/trees

-she runs into an old dead stump for refuge, when it was really Pana'wa herself (she was eaten by Pana'ewa)

Book: Hawaiian Mythology

Add in: Attributes and history section:

-Pele+brother+sisters (including Hi'iaka): live at the crater of Mokuaweoweo

": Lohiau section:

-Emerson version

-Pele followed the sound of Chief Lohiau's nose-flute (Kani-ka-wi)

-Pele's spirit left her body, arrived on Kauai during a hula dance, and appeared as a beautiful woman and wins Lohiau as her husband

-Pele sends sister (Hi'iaka) on 40 day journey to retrieve Lohiau

-strict instructions: do NOT embrace him

-Paragraph 1 (Lohiau section) outline: correct last sentence of first paragraph + talk about journey

-travel companions:

-Kilauea --> Kohala: her old nurse: Pau-o-palai (skirt of Palai fern)

-waits for her to return

-only one who makes the whole journey with her: half goddess: Wahine-omao (Thrush-woman) (also known as Green Woman)

-joins on the way, doesn't have spiritual qualifications = doesn't survive the first of the dangerous encounters: girl: Papulehu

-journey:

-upland path across Hawaii:

-group: extermine evil mo'o who make the way dangerous

-with help of:

-war gods (Kuliliaukaua & Kekako'i), & shell-conch blowers (Kamaiau, Kahinihini, and Mapu)

-1st mo'o woman: Panaewa

-Panaewa forms in order of appearance: fog (kino-ohu), sharp rain (kino-au-awa), candle-nut (kukui) tree

-how Hi'iaka defeats mo'o & followers (Na-mu and Na-wa):

-entangles them in a growth of vine (or engulfs them in the sea)

-many more mo'o, and other monsters met and defeated as they travel across Hawai'i

-crossing to Maui:

-Wahine-omao and Hi'iaka are refused hospitality at the home of chief Olepau in Iao valley

-they avenge insult: by catching his 2nd soul (as it wondered while he was sleeping) and pummeled it against the rock Pahalele near Waihe'e

-in Rice's versions: other incidents occur and the chief is restored to life

-crossing to Molokai:

-the two make passage to Oahu from Kaunakakai (the dangerous windy side of the island)

-they banish the mo'o tribe who were robbing women of their husbands

-they played the the mo'o woman Kikipua: she would make false bridges out of her tongue to destroy travelers

-Hi'iaka uses her skirt (pa'u) as a bridge, and they are able to pass safely

-traveling along Oahu:

-travel on the rocky side of the island

-Hi'iaka addresses chants to the rocks Maka-pu'u and Malei (her supernatural relatives)

-she greets Pohaku-loa at Ka-aka-pueo (the owl road)

-she crushes the evil mo'o Mokoli'i at Kualoa

-at Kaena point she address its huge boulders with an expressive speech or poem

-she begged the Rock-of-Kauai, left at sea when Maui's fishline broke, to send her a canoe to cross to Kauai

-arriving on Kauai:

-good paragraph from wikipedia author

Website: Kumukahi.org

-Hi'iaka's quest (conclusion to Lohiau myth):

-"During this long and dangerous trip, Hi'iaka realizes her own powers as a goddess. She is the healer of land. Pele creates new land and Hi'iaka follows by healing the land, making it fertile and causing things to grow."

Book: The Epic Tale of Hi'iakaikapoliopele

-Pele gave Hi'iaka a magical pa'u (skirt) and supernatural powers to help her on her quest

-Lohiau's full name: Lohiau'ipo

-where the festival was on Kaua'i: Ha'ena

-reason the sound of drums and the voices of Lohiau'ipo and Kaukahiapaoa (the ruling chiefs of Kaua'i) were carried all of the way to Puna: Kanikawi and Kanikawa (the gods of Lohi'au and his people) hoped that Pele would become a wife for Lohi'au, the splendid one of Kaua'i

Book: Voices of Fire

-gifts Pele gave Hi'iaka to help her on quest:

-several critical tools:

-'Awihikalani (a critical eye):

-the power of 'ike papalua (the ability to foretell or know ahead of time, to communicate with spirits, to possess supernatural knowledge)

-Ka lima ikaika o Kilauea (the "strong arm" of Kilauea):

-super strength in battle or in a tough situation when she needs extra assistance

-Pa'u uila (lightning skirt):

-importance of it being a specifically female garment

-example that supernatural women are related to, but not ruled by the male gods: Ku, Kane, Kanaloa, and Lono

Hi'iaka Draft
New Section after Attributes and history section:

Goddess of Hula and the importance of traditions:

Hi'iaka was the first to dance hula after her eldest sister Pele asked her to do so. Therefore, Hi'iaka is known as a goddess of hula, along with Laka and Kapo (other sisters of Pele). In hula Hālau (hula schools), ceremonies for these goddesses take place.

Mele kahea are chants asking for permission to enter a place (like someones home or a ceremony). These chants are also used when asking someone intelligent, like a teacher, to share their knowledge. In Hawaiian culture, the people are taught to use mele kahea to ask permission to enter a forest, since many forest are considered the homes of the gods. In hula Hālau (hula schools), mele kahea are chanted by the haumana (students). The haumana (students) use the mele kahea to request that their kumu (teachers) allow them entry into the Hālau (school). When chanting mele kahea, Hawaiians taught to be humble and to have good 'ano (proper spirit and intention)

The importance of mele kahea, and the responsibility of those receiving mele kahea, is seen in different parts of Hi'iaka's quest to Lohiau. For example, when the chief of Maui denied Hi'iaka hospitality after she asked for permission to enter his home (through her mele kahea), Hi'iaka punished him. When the chief was sleeping, Hi'iaka caught his spirit after it left his body, and killed it (killing him). Therefore, Hawaiians are taught that being on both the giving and receiving parts of oli (chants) require respect and mindfulness of our actions.

Lohiau Section:

Addition to paragraph 1:

In the Epic Tale of Hi'iakaikapoliopele, it is said that Pele (deity) did not accidentally hear the sounds of the drums and voices. Instead, this version says that Kanikawi and Kanikawa (the gods of Lohi'au and his people) wanted Pele to specifically hear Lohi’au, and later become his wife.

Addition/Revision to the beginning of paragraph 3:

Before Hi'iaka left for her quest, Pele (deity) gifted her with three tools to help her face the trials throughout the quest. The first gift was 'Awihikalani (a critical eye), to help her to foretell the future encounters she would face, communicate with spirits, and grant her the ability to have supernatural knowledge. The second gift was called Ka lima ikaika o Kīlauea (the "strong arm" of Kilauea), to help her defeat her opponents in battle with super strength. The last gift was Pa'u uila (lightning skirt), this skirt had different abilities to help her along her journey. This skirt also had extreme importance due to the fact that it is a female garment, showing the significance of supernatural women in Hawaii not being ruled by male gods.

Pa'uopalapalai (Fern Skirt) was a loyal servant to the Pele (deity) family for so long that she had become like a spirit. Therefore, she was trusted to be Hi'iaka's companion on journey. After the two left Kīlauea, they met a very devout and pious woman named Wahine 'Oma'o (Green Woman), who joined them on the journey after she made her offerings to Pele (deity). Wahine 'Oma'o was a half-goddess. She was the only companion of Hi'iaka who completed the entire journey with her.

When the travelers arrived at Puna ma Kai, they met a gorgeous princess named Papulehu. She gifted them with red lehua and maile lei (garland). These are the plants that Puna is famous for. She was kind and gracious, however, she was not devout and did not take the time for prayers. Therefore, she did not last the first battle of the journey. Since she did not pray, she had no spiritual sight during the battle against the mo'o Pana’ewa, whom she was eaten by. Pana'ewa could change into different forms like kino-ohu (fog), kino-au-awa (sharp rain), and kukui (candle-nut tree). Hi'iaka defeated Pana'ewa by trapping her and her followers within a thickening of vines. Many more mo'o, as well as other monsters, are defeated as they traveled across Hawai'i. They also had the help of war gods (named Kuliliaukaua and Kekako'i), as well as shell-conch blowers (named Kamaiau, Kahinihini, and Mapu).

When passing through Maui, Hi'iaka and Wahine 'Oma'o are denied hospitality by Chief Olepau in Iao Valley. Hi'iaka punished him with death by catching his second soul (after it left his body and wondered while he was sleeping). She pounded his body against Pahalele, the rock near Waihe'e.

Hi'iaka and Wahine 'Oma'o headed towards Oahu by passing by the extremely windy side of Molokai, called Kaunakakai. The women came across a mo'o tribe that was causing havoc to women of the area by taking their husbands. Therefore, Hi'iaka and Wahine 'Oma'o exiled the mo'o tribe. They also defeated Kikipua, the mo'o woman who would eat travelers by tricking them that her tongue was a bridge. After she was defeated, Hi'iaka used her pa'u as a bridge to Oahu for safe passage.

Hi'iaka showed respect to her supernatural relatives, the rocks Maka-pu'u and Malei, when they arrived to the rocky side of Oahu through oli (chants). On Oahu, she also crushed Mokoli'i, an evil mo'o, at Kualoa. When they arrived at Kaena point, Hi'iaka pleaded the the Rock-of-Kauai to send her a canoe to paddle over to Kauai. The Rock-of Kauai traces back to Māui (mythology), when it was left at sea after his fishline broke. Hi'iaka's request was granted and she arrived on Kauai at Ha’ena to finally reach Lohiau.

Conclusion to the last paragraph:

The education Hawaiian website, kumukahi.org, stated that "During this long and dangerous trip, Hi'iaka realizes her own powers as a goddess. She is the healer of land. Pele creates new land and Hi'iaka follows by healing the land, making it fertile and causing things to grow."

Peer Review Notes:
·     Don’t forget to change fonts into heading size etc.

·     Instead of explaining what Mele are, try hyperlinking. If not then proceed to the explanation

·     At first I didn’t see the point of talking about mele, but when you connected it with Hi`iaka, I understood. I really liked that!

Lohiau:

·     You can the first paragraph of your addition/revision to the beginning of paragraph 3, before paragraph three on the original Hiiaka wiki.

·     Hyperlink Wahine  `oma`o.

Your facts as well as citations are good. However, I felt like I was reading an essay. Try kidnd’ve just spitting out facts… using hyperlinks helps a lot because I feel like you are always explaining something extra, something not Hi`iaka… Just remember use hyperlinks!! :)

Thanks for making your sandbox easy to read and follow! Joabeper thanks for your review and your suggestions. Pili2 you'll definitely want to incorporate the formatting suggestions, which I think you're now working on in another sandbox. I like your explanation of the mele, I think it's important and useful, but you will also want to hyperlink to other Wikipedia pages (if they exist for mele, etc.). As we discussed in class, you'll want to add more bibliographic citations that comment on the stories (rather than just presenting them, try to take it one step further - how have people discussed Hi'iaka in scholarship). I hope you'll be able to find some good open access photos to add as well. Keep up the great work! Gardneca (talk) 03:45, 19 April 2019 (UTC)