User:Polentario/climate

Veizer Veröffentlichungen

Selection from Recent Publications:

Korte, C., Jones, P.J., Brand, U., Mertmann, D. and Veizer, J. (2008). Oxygen isotope values from high latitudes: clues for Permian sea-surface temperature gradients and Late Paleozoic deglaciation. Palaeogeography, Paleoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 269, 1-16.

Kouchinsky, A., Bengtson, S., Gallet, Y., Korovnikov, I., Pavlov, V., Runnegar, B., Shields, G., Veizer, J., Young, E. and Ziegler, K. (2008). The SPICE carbon isotope excursion in Siberia: a combined study of the upper Middle Cambrian – lowermost Ordovician Kulyumbe River section, northwestern siberian platform. Geological Magazine, 145, 609-622.

Veizer, J. (2008). Climate, water and CO2: a geological perspective. Geological Magazine, 72, 297-298.

Kouchinsky, A., Bengtson, S., Gallet, Y., Korovnikov, I., Pavlov, V., Runnegar, B., Shields, G., Veizer, J., Young, E. and Ziegler, K. (2008). Geological investigation of a section at Kulyumbe River in Siberia. Pangea, doi:10.1594/PANGEA.687608.

Karim, A., Veizer, J. and Barth, J. (2007). Net Ecosystem Production in the Great Lakes Basin and its implications for the North American missing carbon sink: A hydrologic and stable isotope approach. Global and Planetary Change, 61, 15-27.

Freitag, H., Ferguson, P.R., Dubois, K., Hayford, E.K., von Vorztzogbe, V. and Veizer, J. (2007). Water and carbon fluxes from savanna ecosystems of Volta River watershed, West Africa. Global and Planetary Change, 61, 3-14.

Prokoph, A., Shields, G.A. and Veizer, J. (2008). Compilation and time-series analysis of marine carbonate d18O, d13C, 87Sr/86Sr and d34S databases through Earth history. Earth Science Reviews, 87, 113-134.

Farkas, J., Bohm, F., Wallmann, K., Blenkinsop, J., Eisenhauer, A., van Geldern, R., Munnecke, A., Voigt, S. and Veizer, J. (2007). Calcium isotope budget of Phanerozoic oceans: implications for chemical evolution of seawater and its causative mechanisms. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71, 5117-5134.

Wotte, T., Alvaro, J.-J., Shields, G.A., Brown, B., Brasier, M. and Veizer, J. (2007). High resolution C-, O- and Sr-isotope stratigraphy across the Lower-Middle Cambrian transition of the Cantabrian Mountains (Spain) and the Montagne Noire (France), west Gondwana. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, 256, 47-70.

Ferguson, P.R., Weinrauch, N., Wassenaar, L.I., Mayer, B. and Veizer, J. (2007). Partitioning regional evaporation and transpiration water vapor fluxes in the northern Great Plains of North America. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 21, GB2023, doi:10.1029/2006GB002702.

Ferguson, P.R. and Veizer, J. (2007). The coupling of water and carbon fluxes via the terrestrial biosphere and its significance to the Earth’s climate system. Journal Geophysical Research – Atmospheres, 112, D24S06, doi:10.1029/2007JD008431.

Came, R.E., Eiler, J.M., Veizer, J., Azmy, K., Brand, U. and Weidman, C.R. (2007). Coupling of surface temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the Paleozoic era. Nature, 449, doi:10.1038/nature06085.

Farkaš, J., Buhl, D., Blenkinsop, J. and Veizer, J. (2007). Evolution of the oceanic calcium cycle during the late Mesozoic: Evidence from d44/40Ca of marine skeletal carbonates. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 253, 96-111.

Misi, A., Kaufman, A.J., Veizer, J., Powis, K., Azmy, K., Boggiani, C.P., Gaucher, C., Teixera, J.B.G., Sanches, A.L. and Iyer, S.S.S. (2007). Chemostratigraphic correlation of Neoproterozoic successions in South America. Chemical Geology, 237, 161-185.

Scherer, K., Fichtner, H., Borrmann, T., Beer, J., Desorgher, L., Flückiger, E., Fahr, H.-J., Ferreira, S.E.S., Langner, U., Potgieter, M.S., Heber, B., Masarik, J., Shaviv, N. and Veizer, J. (2006). Erratum: Interstellar-terrestrial relations: the variable cosmic environments, the dynamic heliosphere, and their imprints on terrestrial archives. Space Science Reviews, 127/1-4, 467.

Scherer, K., Fichtner, H., Borrmann, T., Beer, J., Desorgher, L., Flückiger, E., Fahr, H.-J., Ferreira, S.E.S., Langner, U., Potgieter, M.S., Heber, B., Masarik, J., Shaviv, N. and Veizer, J. (2006). Interstellar-terrestrial relations: the variable cosmic environments, the dynamic heliosphere, and their imprints on terrestrial archives. Space Science Reviews, 127/1-4, 327-465.

Kasting, J., Howard, M.T., Wallmann, K., Veizer, J., Shields, G. and Jaffrés, J. (2006). Paleoclimates, ocean depth, and the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 252, 82-93.

Brand, U., Azmy, K. and Veizer, J. (2006). Evaluation of the Salinic I tectonic, Cancaniri glacial and Ireviken biotic events: biochemostratigraphy of the lower Silurian succession in the Niagara Gorge area, Canada and U.S.A. Paleogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 241, 192-213.

Korte, C., Jasper, T., Kozur, H.W. and Veizer, J. (2006). 87Sr/86Sr record of Permian seawater. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 240, 89-107.

Azmy, K., Veizer, J., Jin, J., Copper, P. and Brand, U., (2006). Paleobathymetry of a Silurian shelf based on brachiopod assemblages: an oxygen isotope test. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43, 281-293.

Bruhn, F., Veizer, J., Buhl, D. and Meijer, J. (2005). Diagenetic history of Korallenoolith (Malm) of northwestern Germany: implications for in-situ trace element and isotopic studies. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physical Research, B231, 518-523.

Korte, C., Kozur, H.W. and Veizer, J. (2005). δ13C and δ18O values of Triassic brachiopods and carbonate rocks as proxies for coeval seawater and paleotemperature. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 226, 287-306.

Chakrapani, C.J. and Veizer, J. (2005). Dissolved inorganic carbon composition in the Upstream Ganga River in the Himalayas. Current Science, 89, 553-556.

Korte, C., Jasper, T., Kozur, H.W. and Veizer, J., (2005). δ 18O and δ 13C of Permian brachiopods: a record of seawater evolution and continental glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 224, 333-351.

Veizer, J. (2005). Celestial climate driver: a perspective from four billion years of the carbon cycle. Geoscience Canada, 32, 13-28.

Korte, C., Kozur, H.W., Joachimski, M.M., Strauss, H., Veizer, J. and Schwark, L. (2004). Carbon, sulfur, oxygen and strontium isotope records, organic geochemistry and biostratigraphy across the Permian/Triassic boundary in Abadeh, Iran. Int. J. Earth Sciences, 93, 565-581.

Shaviv, N. and Veizer, J. (2004). Comment. EOS, 85/48, 510.

Shaviv, N. and Veizer, J. (2004). Comment on “CO2 as a primary driver of Phanerozoic climate” by Royer et al. GSA Today, 14/17, 18.

Barth, J. and Veizer, J. (2004). Three-component water balance to enable protection of ecologically important ecosystems: an example from the St. Lawrence River. Applied Geochemistry, 19, 1637-1641.

Pichler, T. and Veizer, J. (2004). The precipitation of aragonite from shallow-water hydrothermal fluids in a coral reef, Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea. Chemical Geology, 207, 31-45.

Fauville, A., Mayer, B., Frömmichen, R., Friese, K. and Veizer, J. (2004). Chemical and isotopic evidence for accelerated bacterial sulfate reduction in acid mining lakes after addition of organic carbon: laboratory batch experiment. Chemical Geology, 204, 325-344.

Knöller, K., Fauville, A., Mayer, B., Strauch, G., Friese, K. and Veizer, J. (2004). Sulfur cycling in an acid mining lake and its vicinity in Lusatia, Germany. Chemical Geology, 204, 303-324.

Wang, X. and Veizer, J. (2004). Erratum to “Respiration/photosynthesis balance of terrestrial aquatic ecosystems, Ottawa area, Canada. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 68, 933-934.

Ray, J.S. and Veizer J. (2004b). Reply to comments by Kumar S. on “C, O, Sr and Pb isotope systematics of carbonate sequences of the Vindhyan Supergroup, India: age, diagenesis, correlations and implications for global events”. Precambrian Research, 129, 195-196.

Ray, J.S. and Veizer J. (2004a). Reply to comments by Chakraborty P.P. and Sarkar A. on “C, O, Sr and Pb isotope systematics of carbonate sequences of the Vindhyan Supergroup, India: age, diagenesis, correlations and implications for global events”. Precambrian Research, 129, 189-190.

Books and Book Chapters Veizer, J. (2008). Carbon isotope variations over geologic time. In Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments (editor V. Gornitz). Springer, 128-133. (Invited contribution)

Strauss, H. and Veizer, J. (2008). Sulfur isotopes. In Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments (editor V. Gornitz). Springer, 926-929. (Invited contribution)

Veizer, J. (2008). Strontium isotopes. In Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments (editor V. Gornitz). Springer, 923-926. (Invited contribution)

Robb, L.J., Knoll, A.H., Plumb, K.A., Shields, G.A., Strauss, H. and Veizer, J. (2004). The Precambrian: the Archean and Proterozoic Eons. In A geologic Time Scale 2004 (editors F.M. Gradstein, J.G. Ogg and A.G. Smith), Cambridge University Press, 129-140. (Invited contribution)

Shields, G.A. and Veizer, J. (2004). Isotopic signatures. In The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (editors B. Webby, M. Droser, F. Paris and I. Percival), Columbia University Press, New York, 68-71. (Invited contribution)

Veizer, J. and Mackenzie, F.T. (2004). Evolution of sedimentary rocks. In Treatise on Geochemistry (editors H.D. Holland and K.K. Turekian). Elsevier, vol. 7, 369-407. (Invited contribution)

Amesh A. Adalja, MD, Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Butler, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Hal Adams, MSc (Geophysics, University of Kentucky), 33 years geophysicist, Katy, Texas, U.S.A. Göran Ahlgren, PhD (Organic Chemistry), Consultant, CEO, Stockholm, Sweden Don Aitkin, PhD, Professor, social scientist, retired Vice-Chancellor and President, University of Canberra, now residing in Yarralumla, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
 * Bernard Abrams, MA (Natural Sciences, University of Cambridge), Cheltenham, United Kingdom

Syun-Ichi Akasofu, PhD, Professor of Physics, Emeritus and Founding Director, International Arctic Research Center of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S.A.

Bruce Alexander, BSc (Geology, University of Alberta), geology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada William J. R. Alexander PrEng, Professor Emeritus, Department of Civil and Biosystems Engineering, University of Pretoria, Honorary Fellow, South African Institution of Civil Engineering, South Africa Jim Allard, MS (Electrical Engineering, Audio Signal Processing), CEO, Allard Designs Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Donald Anderson, PhD, Physical Chemist, Manager, Software North LLC, Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.A. Sheal L. Anderson, BS (Forest Mgt., Washington State University), MBA (Forest Industries Mgt., University of Oregon), Forest & Wood Products Management, Anderson & Associates, Inc., Consulting Forester, retired, Port Ludlow, Washington, U.S.A. Bjarne Andresen, PhD, physicist, Professor, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Lance Appleby, Dipl. (Computer Science), Software Development Consultant, previously Environment Canada (EC) Upper Air Technician and Surface Observer in the High Arctic, now an EC volunteer climate recorder, Okotoks, Alberta, Canada Mike Arthur, B.Sc. (Geology), M.Sc., D.I.C. Geophysics, M.Sc. (Reservoir Evaluation & Management (Petroleum Geoengineering)), Geophysicist, Dalgety Bay, Dunfermline, Fife, U.K. David Atlan, PhD, CEO, PhenoSystems, Molecular Genetics Software, Brussels, Belgium Robert Austin, BSc, Professional Engineer, Owner - Austin Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada Alan Azure, Engineer, Computer Software, CIO, OSIA, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Hartmut Bachman, author ("The lie of the climate catastrophe – Manipulated angst as device for control”, ISBN 978-3-8280-2604-9), Hamburg, Germany Roger Baekeland, BSc.Eng. (Geology, University of Manitoba), Member of Friends of Science, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Daniel Baker, BS (Computer Science), Telecommunications Tech, NOC Level 2, Otelco, Bangor, Maine, U.S.A. John W. Bales, BA, MA, PhD (Mathematics, Modeling), Professor, Tuskegee University, Waverly, Alabama, U.S.A. Eugene Balfour, BSc (Kinesiology), IT Personnel Recruiter, Senior Recruiter, Asset Computer Personnel, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Peter Ballantyne, PhD (Engineering, Electronics, University of Cambridge); VP R&D, Bell Laboratories (retired), Leamington Spa, United Kingdom Gregory J. Balle, B.E., MSc., PhD. (Joint Aerospace Engineering and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics), Pukekohe, New Zealand John Barnard, PhD (Physics), Health Physics, Radiation Protection, Director Research & Technology, Acsion Industries, Pinawa, Manitoba, Canada Keith Barnes, MS (Physics), Aerospace, Sr. Technical Specialist, Northfield, Minnesota, U.S.A. David L. Barss BSc (Hon. Geology), Professional Geologist (APEGGA), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Romuald Bartnik, PhD (Organic Chemistry), Professor Emeritus, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland Colin Barton, PhD (Earth Science), former Principal Research Scientist, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia Don Basso, BSc (Geology), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Joe Bastardi, BSc, (Meteorology, Pennsylvania State), meteorologist, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Matthew Bastardi, BSc (Meteorology, Texas A and M University), Florida, U.S.A. Steve Bauke, BSc (Geology), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada John Stanley Beard, MA., BSc, D.Phil (Oxon), Australia Ernst-Georg Beck, Dipl. Biol., Biologist, Dept. Biotechnology and Nutrition Science, Merian-Schule, Freiburg, Germany Donald L. Bell, PE, BS (Engineering Technology, Murray State University), Chief Engineer, KenAmerican Resources, Inc., Central City, Kentucky, U.S.A. Trent Bell, MSc, Science Teacher, West Hill Secondary School, Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada David Bellamy, OBE, English botanist, author, broadcaster, environmental campaigner, Hon. Professor of Botany (Geography), University of Nottingham, Hon. Prof. Faculty of Engineering and Physical Systems, Central Queensland University, Hon. Prof. of Adult and Continuing Education, University of Durham, United Nations Environment Program Global 500 Award Winner, Dutch Order of The Golden Ark, Bishop Auckland County, Durham, U.K. Desmond Benfield, C.Chem, MRSC, retired, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Walter Benstead, BS (Honors Geology), Geoscientist, Professional consultant, Benstead Geological Services Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, Canada Dingo Bernatchez, CO2 Emission Control, Huntingdon Institute for Global Dynamics, Huntington, Quebec, Canada Andre Bernier, Meteorologist, WJW-TV, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Sally Bernier, Meteorologist, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Jennifer Christine Bevan, Geologist and university science museum senior curator, Perth, Australia Glenn C. Van Bever, Esq., BS (Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky), BS (Mining Engineering, University of Kentucky), Doctorate of Juris (University of Kentucky), General Counsel, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. M.I. Bhat, Professor (Tectonics, Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Kashmir), Sprinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India Michael Biggs, BSc (Honours), retired, Chesterfield, Berbyshire, United Kingdom Paul Biggs, BSc (Hons. Biological Sciences), CR United Kingdom Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom John Blanton, MSEE, Electrical Engineer, Senior Engineer, Motorola, Santa Clara, California, U.S.A. Tom Blanton, PhD, Tectonophysics, Consultant, Blanton Associates, Larkspur, Colorado, U.S.A. John Blethen, PhD (Physics), Nuclear Physicist, Ely, Nevada, U.S.A. Frederick Bobiasz, B.Eng., LLB, LLM, Law, retired, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Sonja A. Boehmer-Christiansen, PhD, Reader, Dept. of Geography, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom Scott Boman, B.Sc., MA (Physics, Western Michigan University), Professor, Macomb Community College and Wayne Community College District, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. Frederick Bopp, PhD (Geology), Environmental Consulting, Owner, Earth Quest, Downingtown, Pennsylvania. U.S.A. Bruce Borders, PhD, Forest Biometrics, Professor, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A. Christoph C. Borel, PhD, Electrical & Computer Engineer, Callaway, Ohio, U.S.A. Clyde I. Borrell, PE, BS (Civil Engineering, University of Colorado); Manager of Engineering, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Lynne Bourque, BA (Environmental Science), MS (Engineering, Environmental Studies), Littleton, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Stephen Bourque, BSEE, MSEE; Senior Electrical Engineer, Object Engineering, Littleton, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Albert Boykiw, M.B.A., P.ENG, Energy Specialist, President, Boykiw & Company, Alberta, Canada Charles Bradley, BS (Math, Physics), MSCS, MBA, retired software engineer, Acton, Massachusettes, U.S.A. John Brand, MS (IST), Information Technology, ISSE, George Washington University, Ashburn, Virginia, U.S.A. Jim Brasher, MS (Geology, Texas A&M), Member of AAPG, Technical Lead for Middle East/North Africa Business Development for ConocoPhillips, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Ian Brasslett, BS (Physics), Telecommunications, Network Operations, University of Maine, Bangor, U.S.A. Phillip Bratby, BSc, PhD, Energy consultancy, Tiverton, Devon, England, United Kingdom James Brennand, MIEEE, Electrical Engineering, Ex Electrical Manager, IPSCO, retired, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada Bill Brent, BSc (Electrical Engineering), Technical Writer, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. John Brignell, BSc (Eng.), PhD, Professor Emeritus of Industrial Instrumentation, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom John Brodie, BASc., MASc. (Metallurgical), P.Eng., Director Environmental Affairs, British Columbia Railway Co., Surrey, BC, Canada James Brooks, BS, PhD, Geophysics, Adelaide, Australia John W. Brosnahan, Vanderpool, Texas, U.S.A., Research Physicist (Atmospheric Remote Sensing), atmospheric science consultant, founder of Signal Hill Research, LLC., former President of Alpha/Power, Inc., founder of LaSalle Research Inc., founder of Tycho Technology Inc. Atholl Sutherland Brown, PhD (Geology, Princeton University), Regional geology, tectonics and mineral deposits, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Douglas Alan Brown, PE (Engineering and Management), Douglas A Brown Consultants, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Terry Brown, BSc, Chemical Engineering, partner, ParCon Consulting, Marblehead, Maryland, U.S.A. Reid A. Bryson, Ph.D., D.Sc., D.Engr., Senior Scientist, Center for Climatic Research Emeritus Prof. of Meteorology, of Geography, and of Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. James Buckee, PhD (astrophysics), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Dave Bufalo, Professional Engineer (Civil Engineering, retired), Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Ronald L. Burdette, BS (Mining Engineering, West Virginia University), Manager of Engineering and Chief Engineer, American Energy Corporation, Beallsville, Ohio, U.S.A. Frank Bures, Professional Engineer - Electronics, High Power Computing, Supercomputing, Manager, Electronics & Computing Facility, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Tony Burns, BE Chem Eng (Hon 1), PhD Chem Eng (Gas Diffusion), Q-Skills, U.S.A. Everett Burts, PhD (Biological Science), Insect pest management, Professor (retired), Washington State University, Wenatchee, Washington, U.S.A. Thomas P. Byrne, Ph.D., Engineering, Investment, retired, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Fred V. Byther, B.S. (Geology), Vice President of Exploration and a co-founder of Oracle Resources Ltd, Dallas, Texas Patrick D. Caldwell, MS, geology, writer, Quailwood Associates, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.A. Jorge Calvache, M.Sc. (Geosciences), Houston, TX, U.S.A. Thomas Calvert, B.Sc. (Mech Eng.), P. Eng., retired, Oakville, Ontario, Canada Nels Carlson, P.Geol., CEO Energy Venture Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Jeff H. Carlton, BS (Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology); Manager, Longwall Equipment, American Energy Corporation, Beallsville, Ohio, U.S.A. Craig Carmichael, B.Sc., D.C., Internet Provider, Owner, silonet.ca, Port Hope, Ontario, Canada Dan Carruthers, M.Sc., wildlife biology consultant specializing in animal ecology in Arctic and Subarctic regions, Alberta, Canada Seymour Caruthers, Engineer, Nuclear Science, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Richard Ceen, BS (Electronic Engineering), BS (Physical Oceanography), FIMarEST, MIET, Marine Engineering, Liquid Gas Transportation, Technical Director, Seatechnik Ltd., Hawarden, United Kingdom David Chabot, Software Engineer, Québec, Québec, Canada John Chapman, BSc, FCIM, P.Eng, Geology and Mining, Business Principal, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Alan Cheetham, M.A.Sc., Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. Peter Cherniavsky, BEng (Mechanical, UBC), past President and Chairman, BC Sugar Refining Co., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Michael N. Chernoff, P. Geol. (Alberta) and a P.Eng. (BC), 50 years working geologist, West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada George V. Chilingar, PhD, Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Ian D. Clark, PhD, Professor (isotope hydrogeology and paleoclimatology), Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada James Clarke, BS (Meteorology), TV-Meteorologist, WZVN-TV, Ft. Myers, Florida, U.S.A. Charles A. Clough, BS (Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), MS (Atmospheric Science, Texas Tech University), former (to 2006) Chief of the US Army Atmospheric Effects Team at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland; now residing in Bel Air, Maryland, U.S.A. Michael Clover, PhD (experimental nuclear physics); Computer Simulation, Senior Scientist, Science Applications International Corp., San Diego, California, U.S.A. Kevin R. Coffman, BS (Geology), Geologist, Vice-President Exploration, Protégé Energy, LLC E&P Company, Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Jeremy Colman, BS, PhD, Perth, Western Australia Martin Coniglio, Meteorologist, KUSA-TV, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Ted Cooper, B.A. (Geology,), M.B.A., retired, Powell River, British Colombia, Canada Paul Copper, BSc, MSc, PhD, DIC, FRSC, Professor Emeritus, Department of Earth Sciences, Laurentian University Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Allan Cortese, meteorological researcher and spotter for the National Weather Service, retired computer professional, Billerica, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Gerry Crawford, PhD (Engineering), P.Eng., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada William Crawford, B.Sc. P.Eng., Metallurgical Engineering, retired, Cobourg, Ontario, Canada Susan Crockford, PhD (Zoology/Evolutionary Biology/Archaeozoology), Adjunct Professor (Anthropology/Faculty of Graduate Studies), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Colombia, Canada Edmund M. Cudworth, MBA, MS (Physics), electrochemistry, CEO, Electrolytic Technologies Corp, Miami, Florida, U.S.A. Claude Culross, PhD (Organic Chemistry), retired, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.A. Lester Currie, MSc (Geology), retired, Pender Island, British Columbia, Canada Dalcio K. Dacol, PhD (physics, University of California at Berkeley), physicist at the US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. Dave Dahl, BSc (Meteorology, Florida State University), Chief Meteorologist, 5 EYEWITNESS NEWS/KSTP-TV, Saint Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A. Ronald Arthur Davidson, BSc, MD, MPH, ABPM (AM), CD, National Security Infrastructure Partnership, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Tom Davidson, PhD ABD (Chemical Physics), Hazardous Materials, Chemist, Defense Logistics Agency, Richmond, Virginia, U.S.A. Willem De Lange, PhD, MSc(Hons), Dphil (Computer and Earth Sciences), Senior Lecturer in Earth and Ocean Sciences, Waikato University, Hamilton, New Zealand David C. DeGagne, BSc, C.E.T, Vice President Corporate Development, Noise Solutions Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada James DeMeo, Ph.D. (University of Kansas, Geography, Climate, Environmental Science), retired University Professor, now in Private Research, Ashland, Oregon, U.S.A. David Deming, PhD (Geophysics), Associate Professor, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Paolo DePetrillo, MD, BS (Biology), MD, Private equity, General Partner, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. Roger Dewhurst, M.App.Sc, Environmental Geology, Geologist, Auckland, New Zealand Robin Dobos, PhD, Animal Science, modelling, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia Drew Dodd, BS (Mechanical Engineering), Manager, Process Research and Development, Corning, Inc., Hickory, North Carolina, U.S.A. Charles Dougherty, B. Eng. (Mechanical Engineering - South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), Engineering Manager (retired), E I DuPont DeNemours and Co Inc, Pennsylvania, currently residing in Garnet Valley, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Floyd Doughty, MS (University of Florida), Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Jonathan Drake, BSc (Hons. Physics), Geological Exploration Instrumentation, Senior Electronics Physicist, Loughborough, United Kingdom Mark Duchamp, Renewable Energy Manager, Iberica 2000, Partida La Sella, Spain Jonathan DuHamel, BS (Geological Engineering) MS (Geology), Mineral Exploration & Development, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A. Michael Dunn, BS, MS, MAA (aeronautics & astronautics), defense industry, system engineer, The Boeing Company, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. Robert Durrenberger, PhD, former Arizona State Climatologist and President of the American Association of State Climatologists, Professor Emeritus of Geography, Arizona State University; Sun City, Arizona, U.S.A.. Freeman J. Dyson, PhD, Emeritus Professor of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Don J. Easterbrook, PhD, Emeritus Professor of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, U.S.A. Timothy J. Eddy, BS (Electrical Engineering Technology, Fairmont State College), Mine Manager and Superintendent, American Energy Corporation, Beallsville, Ohio, U.S.A. Geoffrey Edwards, BSc Hons, Retired, Bromsgrove, United Kingdom Theo Eichten, PhD; Managing Director, Yoshihiro Tsunemi, Ismaning, Munich, Germany John Elliot, BSc (Chemistry and Geology), M Sc (Geology, University of Auckland), Diploma in Geoscience (mineral economics, Macquarie University, NSW), Anzeco Pty. Limited, mineral exploration consulting services, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia Robert Ellison, BE (Honours), MEnSc, MIEAust, CPEng, RPEQ, Robert Ellison and Associates Pty Ltd, New Farm, Queensland, Australia Lance Endersbee, AO, Emeritus Professor, former Dean of Engineering and Pro-Vice Chancellor of Monasy University, Past President - Engineers Australia, Frankston, Victoria, Australia Per Engene, PhD, Biologist, Valenvegen, Norway Robert H. Essenhigh, PhD, E.G. Bailey Professor of Energy Conversion, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A. David Evans, PhD (EE), MSc (Stat), MSc (EE), MA (Math), BE (EE), BSc,  mathematician, carbon accountant, computer and electrical engineer and head of 'Science Speak', Perth, Western Australia, Australia Gerald D. Fankhauser, AS (Electronic Technology), BS (Engineering Technology, Franklin University), Chief Electrical Engineer, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Oscar Fann, College Degree, Media (television), Chief Meteorologist, WTVY-TV (CBS), Dothan, Alabama, U.S.A. Donald W. Farley, P.Eng, M.Eng. (Water Resources Engineering & Hydrology), Gatineau, Quebec, Canada Julie Fasano, Professor, Anatomy & Physiology and Biology, Germanna Community College, Fredericksburg, Virginia, U.S.A. Christopher K. Fay, DPhil (Oxford), Information Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Bob Fernley, HNC Engineering (Mechanical and Production), Mechanical Engineering, retired, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Eduardo Ferreyra, Founder, Climate Researcher and Web Master - Argentinean Foundation for a Scientific Ecology, Córdoba, Argentina Karel Ferus, BSc, Market Research, VP Information Technology, Matrix Research Limited, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Charles Festel, BS, Web Program Manager, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. David Fieghen, Professional Engineer, Independent Program Consultant, Toronto, Ontario, Canada David John Finney, BTech, MRSC, C Chemistry, Food Technologist & Ice Chemist, Unilever PLC Senior Scientist (retired), Tauranga, New Zealand Robin Flockton, President SD&G Certified Forest Owners Inc. and Glengarry Public Affairs Forum, Apple Hill, Ontario, Canada Arthur Lloyd Flood, BSc (Geological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan), Director and Treasurer, Friends of Science, Director, Owner CEL (an international private exploration company), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Charles Folland, BSc, Soil Scientist, Abbotsham, Bideford, Devon, United Kingdom John R. Forrelli, B. Eng. (mining engineering, West Virginia University), Vice President, Engineering, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Derek Foster, BS, Technical Publications, retired, Nottingham, United Kingdom Robert Jacomb Foster, BE (Adelaide University), palaeoclimatologist and energy economist, Director Lavoisier Group; past Councillor Royal Society of Victoria and Victorian Institute of Marine Science, Melbourne, Australia Louis Fowler, BS (Mathematics), MA (Physics), 33 years in environmental measurements (Ambient Air Quality Measurements), Austin, Texas, U.S.A. Stephen Frazier, PhD (Chemistry), General Chemistry, Technical Director, TekQuest Industries, Sanford, Florida, U.S.A. Peter Freeburg, BS (Mechanical/Ocean Engineering, graduate study in turbulence modeling), Project Manager, North Kingstown, Rhode Island, U.S.A. George Freedman, Doctorate, Dentistry, Professor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada James Freeman, BSc (Operations Research and Computer Analysis), Pilot, Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. John A. Freeman, Jr., Medical Doctor, Radiology, Private Practice, Venice, Florida, U.S.A. Norm Froman, BS (Geology), MS (Geostatics), President – Geotechnologies Inc., Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A. Stan Frost, BSc (Engineering Physics), Radiation & Environmental Protection, Safety, Former VP, Environment & Safety, Cameco Corp.; Current chairman - Saskatchewan Radiation Health & Safety Committee, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Gordon Fulks, PhD (Physics, University of Chicago), cosmic radiation, solar wind, electromagnetic and geophysical phenomena, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. Kenton Fuller, BS, M.EngSc (Environmental Engineering), MRACI (Member The Royal Australian Chemical Institute Inc.), Chartered Chemist, Chemical Industry Assoc, CEO, retired, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Brian Gallagher, Engineer, MBA, Consultant, Pointe Claire, Québec, Canada Maureen T. Gallagher, PhD, (Geology, Micropaleontology), Consultant, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Michel Ganivet, PhD, Energy, Vice Président, Société Française D'énergie Nucléaire, Aix en Provence, France Rigoberto Garcia, MC, Climate Change and Urban Sustainability, Doctorate Student, El Colegio de México, México City, DF, México George Gaskin, BSc (Eng), retired, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Roger F. Gay, MSBE (Master of Science in Bioengineering, Texas A&M University), Stockholm, Sweden (US citizen) Mr. Keith Gelling, PhD (Physics), Hong Kong, China Lee C. Gerhard, PhD, Senior Scientist Emeritus, University of Kansas, past director and state geologist, Kansas Geological Survey, U.S.A. Gerhard Gerlich, Professor, Dr. rer. nat. Dipl.Phys., Mathematical Physics, Universitätsprofessor a. D., Inst. f. Math. Physik der TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany David Ghen, MS/Physics/PSU, Underwater Acoustics, VP/Chief Scientist (retired), Analysis & Technology/Engineering Technology Center, Mystic, Connecticut, U.S.A. Emma Gibbs, PhD, Neuroscientist, Director, International Climate Science Coalition, London, United Kingdom/New Zealand R. Perry Glaister, PhD (Geology, Northwestern University, Illinois), B.Sc. (Geology), Research Scientist (retired), Esso Resources Canada Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, Canada Albrecht Glatzle, PhD, ScAgr, Agro-Biologist and Gerente ejecutivo, Tropical pasture research and land use management, INTTAS, Asunción, Paraguay Ken Godard, PhD (Chemical Engineer), retired, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Harry Goff, B.Sc. (Hons), MBA, Dip Ag, Grad Dip OSH, Environmental Manager, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Michael Goguen, Engineering Technology, RF & Fibre Optics Calibration, Senior Metrologist, Anritsu, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Indur M. Goklany, PhD (Electrical Eng, Michigan State University), climate policy analyst, Vienna, Virginia, U.S.A. Wayne Goodfellow, PhD (Earth Science), Ocean Evolution, Paleoenvironments, Adjunct Professor, Senior Research Scientist, University of Ottawa, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Elizabeth Goodnough, BS, (Geological Engineering), Environmental Engineering, Director of Regulatory Affairs, Western Fuels-Wyoming, Inc., Gillette, Wyoming, U.S.A. Al Gordon, PEng, GR Petrology Consultants Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Matt Gose, Geologist, Energy Exploration, VP Exploration, Retamco Operating, Red Lodge, Montana, U.S.A. Roger Graves, Ph.D. (Physics), Software development, President, Davion Systems Ltd, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada David Gray, PhD (Electrical Engineering, Stanford University), Electromagnetic Wave Transmission (in Atmosphere, and fiber), Assistant Professor Engineering, Messiah College, Grantham, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Mark Gray, B.Sc. (University of Waterloo), Information Technology, President, Ethix Consulting Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, Canada Thomas B. Gray, MS, Meteorology, retired, USAF, Yachats, Oregon, U.S.A. Wayne Greer, MD, STAEDTLER (NZ) LTD, Auckland, New Zealand Ken Gregory, P.Eng., BA (Applied Science - Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Brad Griffeth, BS (Atmospheric Science), transportation forecasting, Grand Forks, North Dakota, U.S.A. George E. Grimshaw, B. Eng. (mining engineering, Pennsylvania State University), Preparation Engineer, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Arne W. Gronhaug, Cand. Real (MSc equivalent, University of Oslo), consulting geologist (retired), Norwegian Road Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway Christopher Gross, BA (Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics), Computer Technology and Meteorology, Data Center Administrator, West Babylon, New York, U.S.A. Luigi Guarino, MS (Aerospace Engineer), Singapore City, Singapore Amlan Gupta, B. Eng. (Mech), MBA, President, CG2 NanoCoatings Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Alois Haas, PhD, DSc., Professor Emeritus, nuclear chemistry, University of Zurich, President - Swiss Society Paracelsus, Switzerland Luther Haave, BSc (Physics, University of Alberta), 40 years working in broadcast engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Magnus Hagelstam, Engineer, IT, Self-employed, Sjundea, Finland Kevin Haidl, BSc. (Chemistry, University of British Columbia), BA (Philosophy, University of British Columbia), software developer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Dave Haisell, BSc, PAg, Education, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada Mark Hall, PhD, Engineer, Senior Mechanical Engineer, Midlothian, Texas, U.S.A. Matthew M. Hammer, Geophysicist, Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.A. Charles Hammons, PhD (Applied Mathematics), systems/software engineering, modeling & simulation, design, Consultant, Coyle, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Ted Hanbury, M.Eng., Nuclear Design, retired, Burlington, Ontario, Canada Alan Hannaford, Chartered Structural Engineer, Institution of Structural Engineers, Exeter, Devonshire, United Kingdom Douglas Hansen, BS (Geology), MS (Mining Eng.), Global Air Pollution, retired, Bellevue, Washington, U.S.A. John Harper, BS (Chemical Engineering), Seal Beach, California, U.S.A. Raymond Harper, C.Eng, M.I.C.E., M.I.H.T., Local Authority, retired, Swindon, United Kingdom Robert Harrell, BS (Chemical Engineering), Environment Mgr, retired, GA. Institute of Technology, Brevard, North Carolina, U.S.A. Peter Harris, retired engineer, Eumundi, Queensland, Australia Ted Harris, B Eng. (Civil, McGill University, Montreal), retired, Ottawa, Canada James Harris, B.Sc. (Electrical Engineering), Video Specialist, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Ian Hart, Engineer, Lancashire, United Kingdom René Hartman, Bachelor in Electrics/Electronics, ICT, owner HAC-Maarssen, Maarssen, The Netherlands John Hathway, BS (Chem. Eng.), Oil & Gas, Chief Process Consultant, Inst. Of Chemical Engineers, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Anthony Hawes, BSc (Agriculture), agriculture, Owner/Director Ag Biotech Australia P/L, Richmond, New South Wales, Australia Michael Haylen, BA, Masters (Environmental Studies), Environmental Earth Science, New South Wales, Australia Ross Hays, Atmospheric Scientist, NASA Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility, Palestine, Texas, U.S.A. David Heath, Master of Engineering, Consulting, President, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada D. Hebert, PhD, Faculty for Chemistry and Physics, Institut fur Angewandte Physik, Freiberg, Germany Wilfried Heck, Dipl. Ingenieur, Elektrotechnik, Darmstadt, Germany Roy A. Heidelbach, BS (Mining Engineering, West Virginia University); Assistant Vice President, Operations, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Allen M. Heinrich, MS (Geology), Consultant, Petrolific Exploration, Castle Rock, Colorado, U.S.A. Kurt Helin, M.Sc., Engineering, Self-employed, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Peter Heller, PhD (Astrophysics), Consultant, Lehrte, Niedersachsen, Germany, Roger Helmer, BA, MA (Mathematics, Cambridge University), MEP (British Conservative Member of the European Parliament (sits on the "Temporary Committee on Climate Change")), Brussels, Belgium Svend-Erik Hendriksen, Nobel Peace Prize recipient 1988, Greenland Art Review (GLAR), weather observer (Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI)), Kangerlussuaq, Greenland Thomas Heuse, Geologist, Dr. rer. nat., Regional Geology, Research Assistant, Geological Survey of Thuringia, Jena/Weimar, Thuringia, Germany Malcolm Heymer, BS (Civil Engineering), MS (Transportation Engineering, Leeds University, England), Dereham, Norfolk, England, United Kingdom David W. Hibbs, BS (Mining Engineering), Master of Mining Engineering (University of Kentucky), Director, Engineering, Utah American Energy Inc., Price, Utah, U.S.A. Acle Hicks, BS, MS (Physics, University of California, Los Angeles), Laser Technology, Engineering Director, Coherent Laser, Inc, retired, Cupertino, California U.S.A. Heinz Hug, PhD, (Chemistry, University of Mainz, Germany), former Professor of Organic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Germany Paul B. Hill, BS (Civil Engineering, University of Illinois); President and Chief Executive Officer, Utah American Energy, Inc., Price, Utah, U.S.A. Dale Hill, MS (Nuclear Chemistry, OSU), Inertial Confinement Fusion, Scientist V, General Atomics, San Diego, California, U.S.A. Ian Hilliar, MB, BS, General Medicine, GP Sanctuary Point, New South Wales, Australia Ted Hinds, BS (Engineering Science), MS (Atmospheric Science), PhD (Physical Ecology, U. Washington, Seattle), Quantitative empirical analyses regarding climatological, meteorological, and ecological responses to environmental stresses, consultant for USA EPA research on global climate change program. Senior Research Scientist, retired, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, U.S.A. Edward L. Hinton, MSE (Master of Science in Engineering), software, Engineer, Manchester, New Hampshire, U.S.A. Louis Hissink M.Sc. M.A.I.G., Editor, AIG News and Consulting Geologist, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Mark Hladik, Geophysicist, Consultant, Casper, Wyoming, U.S.A. Jeffrey Hoback, BS (Mechanical Engineering), Information Technology, Engineer, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A. James Hofmann, MD, BS (Biology), Anesthesiology, Assistant Professor, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, U.S.A. Martin Hoppe, PhD (Chemistry), Fusion Energy Research, Scientist VII, General Atomics, San Diego, California, U.S.A. Jason Hoskin, BS (Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas), MS (Experimental and Molecular Pathology, University Southern California, Texas Tech University) Lubbock, Texas, U.S.A. Jonathan House, BSc (Computer Science), Medical IT, Director, Amirsys, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. Stanley M. Howard, PhD (Metallurgical Engineering (chemical processing focus)), Professor of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota, U.S.A. Steven Howard, BS (Engineering Science), MS (Electrical Engineering), business computer systems developer, Burlington, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Dave Howard, Electronics Engineering, Industrial Communications, President, Nexus Technologies Group, Spruce Grove, Alberta, Canada James F. Howard, PhD (Geology), Environmental Consulting (retired), Owensboro, Kentucky, U.S.A. Bill Howell, Bachelor of Applied Science (Chemical Engineering, University of Calgary), Master of Applied Science (Chemical Engineering, University of Ottawa), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Alexander Hrin, Graduate Student (Applied Physics, Colorado School of Mines), Golden, Colorado, U.S.A. William Hudnall, BS (Civil Engineering), BS (Petroleum Engineering), Juris Doctor, Attorney, Self Employed, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.A. Warwick S. Hughes, MSc Hon. (University of Auckland, New Zealand), geologist (retired), Canberra, Australia Ole Humlum, PhD, Physical Geography, Professor, University of Oslo, Norway Mark A. Hurt, MD, Creve Coeur, Missouri, U.S.A. Clayton Hunt, BSc (Geography/Geology), retired Oil and Gas Analytical Laboratory, Breton, Alberta, Canada Alan Hunter, RPF (Registered Professional Forester), Quesnel, British Colombia, Canada Peter Hunter, FCOptom, Optometrist, Practice Owner, Aerospace, Senior Engineer, Bombardier, Inc., Leeds, United Kingdom, P. Michael Hutchins, BS (Pure Math), MS (Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Carlisle, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Steve Hynek, BS (Meteorology), Air Quality, Air Quality Analyst, Dairyland Power Cooperative, La Crosse, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Sherwood B. Idso, PhD, President, Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A. Elizabeth Innes, PhD, Scientist, Senior Chemist, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Colin Jack, BSEE, Director of Engineering, Dixie Escalante REA, St. George, Utah, U.S.A. Barrie Jackson, Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Derryck Jackson, owner, certified green hydro-electric plants (4), President, Executive House Power Corp., Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Albert F. Jacobs, MS, P.Geology, retired geologist, co-founder Friends of Science, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Richard Jaworski, BSc, MSc, DIC, Geology, Consultant, London, United Kingdom Dennis Jensen, BS (Applied Physics) RMIT, MSc (Melbourne), PhD (Monash), Physics, Materials Science, Defence Analysis, Previously Research Scientist (CSIRO and DSTO), Member of Parliament, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Jorgen Jensen, MS (Civil/Structural), Consulting Engineer, President, Villholth Jensen & Assoc. Ltd., North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Marc Jeric, MS, PhD (University of California, Los Angeles), Engineering, retired, Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.A. David Jezeph, BS, MS, Water Resources, Chief, UN Regional Commission, retired, Bangkok, Thailand Kendall Johnson, PhD (Physics), Infrared Calibration Engineer, Space Synamics Laboratory, North Logan, Utah, U.S.A. Rick Johnson, MS (Economics), Government Policy, Senior Economist, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Simon Johnson, M.Sc., Geologist, Company Director, Auckland, New Zealand Terrell Johnson, BS (Zoology), MS (Wildlife & Range Resources), Air & Water Quality, Principal Environmental Engineer, Green River, Wyoming, U.S.A. Clifford Johnson, MSc, Geology, retired, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Andrew Johnson, B.E.Sc. (Civil), M.Eng. (Structural), MBA, Consulting Engineering (Structural Engineer), Senior Structural Engineer & Senior Project Lead, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Marion K. Jones, Consulting Petroleum Geologist, Billings, Montana, U.S.A. Lloyd Jones, BSc, IT Consulting Practice, West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada William Junga, PhD (Economics), Economic Forecasting, Economist, Bill Junga Economics, Waterbury, Connecticut, U.S.A. Adri Kalisvaart, MSEE (electrical), engineer, car engine pressure transducer specialist, Lincoln, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Charles R. Kaluger, Chief Engineer and Manager of Transportation, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Bill Kappel, BS (Physical Science-Geology), BS (Meteorology), Storm Analysis, Climatology, Operation Forecasting, Vice President/Senior Meteorologist for Applied Weather Associates, LLC, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, U.S.A. Erik Kari, BS (Industrial Technology), Director of Operations, Ramsey, Minnesota, U.S.A. Wibjörn Karlén, PhD, Emeritus Professor, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Joel M. Kauffman, PhD (Organic Chemistry, M.I.T.), Professor of Chemistry Emeritus, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Donald Kautz, PhD (Engineering Safety), MPH, MBA, MS, Industrial Hygiene Safety Officer, Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, U.S.A. David Kear, PhD, FRSNZ, CMG, geologist, former Director-General of NZ Dept. of Scientific & Industrial Research, Whakatane, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand Harald Kehl, PD Dr. rer. nat., Ecosystem Analysis, Lecturer, Researcher, Berlin, Germany Ray Kester, BSc (Engineering), Masters (Engineering), Kincardine, Ontario, Canada Leonid Khilyuk, PhD, Professor of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Jack B. King, EE (University of Detroit), Systems Integrator, President, King Associates, Irvine, California, U.S.A. Robert E. Kissick, BS (Agronomy, Kansas State University), retired, Lindsborg, Kansas, U.S.A. Klaus Knüpffer, Dipl (Meteorology), Meteorologist, weather forecasting, Company Manager, METEO SERVICE w.r. GmBH, Berllin, Germany Dietrich E. Koelle, PhD, Systems Engineering Consultant (Paleoclimate, Climate Cycles), Ottobrunn, Germany Jan J.H. Kop, MSc, Ceng, FICE (Civil Engineer Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers), Emeritus Professor of Sanitary Engineering, TechnicalUniversity Delft, The Netherlands R.W.J. Kouffeld, PhD, Emeritus Professor - Energy Conversion, Technical University Delft, Driebergen, The Netherlands James Kramer, MS (Physics, University of Wisconsin), Computer Software Development Consultant, Nobilo Technology, Albany, Oregon, U.S.A. Gerhard Kramm, Dr. rer. nat. (Meteorology), Theoretical Meteorology, Research Faculty, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S.A. Robert P. Kudlawiec, PE, BS (Mining Engineering, Pennsylvania State University), MBA (Wheeling University), Manager Environmental Compliance, Ohio American Energy Inc, Wheeling, West Virginia, U.S.A. Joseph Kunc, PhD, Molecular Physics, Professor, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, U.S.A. Victor Kutcher, BS, MBA, DDS, DPerio, Dentistry, Burlington, Ontario, Canada Olav M. Kvalheim, Professor, Department of Chemistry, Univ. of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Cornelis Kwantes, retired mining/petroleum engineer (Technical University, Delft, The Netherlands), Dordogne, France Nicholas Kydonieus, MS (Chemical Engineering); Chemical Engineering Research, retired, West Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.A. Kathleen R. Lack, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Barnardsville, North Carolina, U.S.A. Edwin D. Lane, BS (Mechanical Engineering, University of Missouri at Rolla/Missouri); Vice President, Sales, The American Coal Sales Company, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. Rune B. Larsen, PhD (Geology, Geochemistry), Associate Professor, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway Geoffery Larsen, BSc, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Carol Law, MS (Geochemistry), International Oil and Gas Exploration, Manager, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Ross D. Lawrence, BASc (Geological Engineering), P.Eng, Principal Consultant, Watts, Griffis & McOuat, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Rod Lawry, BSc (Met) RMIT, Process Design & Management, Project Manager, SDF P/L, Perth, Western Australia, Australia The Rt. Hon. Lord Lawson of Blaby, economist; Chairman of the Central Europe Trust; former Chancellor of the Exchequer, United Kingdom Douglas Leahey, PhD, meteorologist and air-quality consultant, President - Friends of Science, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Lee Morrison, BE (Geol), Geologist and engineer, retired Member of Parliament, Calgary, Alberta, Canada James Lee, BASc. P.Eng, Oil Industry, retired, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada Donald Leenknegt, Master of Physics, Bierbeek-Lovenjoel, Vlaams-Brabant, Belgium Daniel A. LePage, BSc (Biology, University of Saskatchewan), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Peter C. LePort, MD, Fountain Valley, California, U.S.A. Barry E. Lerner, BS, MA, DPM, JD, Rye, New York, U.S.A. Marcel Leroux, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Climatology, University of Lyon, former director of Laboratory of Climatology, Risks and Environment, France John Levings, BS (Geology/Geophysics, University of Tasmania), The Gap, Queensland, Australia John David Lewis, PhD, Research Scholar in History and Classics, Social Philosophy and Policy center, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, U.S.A. Bryan Leyland, M.Sc., FIEE, FIMechE, FIPENZ, MRSNZ, consulting engineer (power), Secretary - International Climate Science Coalition, Auckland, New Zealand Tom Lidkea, BASc, MASc, Environmental Engineering, retired, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Edward Liebsch, MS (Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University), BA (Earth Science & Chemistry, St. Cloud State University), Air Quality, Meteorology, Senior Air Quality Scientist, HDR, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A. Alan Limmer, PhD (Chemistry), Fellow, New Zealand Institute of Chemists, Hastings, New Zealand Jeff Limón, MS (Electrical Engineering), Technology, Patent Agent, Hewlett-Packard, Corvallis, Oregon, U.S.A. William Lindqvist, PhD, consulting Geologist and Company Director, Tiburon, California, U.S.A. George M. Lindsay, BSc, PhD (Metal Physics), Kinross, Scotland Peter Link, BS, MS, PhD (Geology, Climatology), Geol/Paleoclimatology, retired, Active in Geol-paleoclimatology, Tulsa University and Industry, Evergreen, Colorado, U.S.A. Endel Lippmaa, Prof.Dr.habil (Physics, Chemistry), Chairman - Energy Council of the Estonian Academy of Science, Tallinn, Estonia John Llewellyn, Meteorology, Airport Meteorologist, NOAA NWS (USWB), retired, Ellensburg, WA, U.S.A. Keith Lockitch, PhD (Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee), Science and Environmental Policy, Resident Fellow, Ayn Rand Institute, Irvine, California, U.S.A. Eddy Lumpit, Environmental Earth Scientist, New South Wales, Australia Gary Lund, PhD (Inorganic Chemistry), R&D, Staff Scientist, Autoliv, North America, Malad City, Idaho, U.S.A. Anthony R. Lupo, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Atmospheric Science, Department of Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.A. Robert Lupone, Electrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biomed. Tech., Hospital of St. Raphael, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A. Richard Mackey, PhD, Statistician, author of papers about the role of the Sun in the Earth's climate dynamics and biographer of Rhodes W. Fairbridge, Canberra, Australia Alex MacMillan, PhD, Economics, Professor, Queen's School of Business & St. Lawrence College, retired, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Allan M.R. MacRae, BS, M. Eng., P. Eng., Calgary, Alberta, Canada Edward J. Mahoney, MS, MEd., Director of Astronomy, Hyatt Regency Maui, Lahaina, Hawaii, U.S.A. Horst Malberg, PhD, former director of Institute of Meteorology, Free University of Berlin, Germany Björn Malmgren, PhD, University Professor, Paleoclimate Science, retired, Lerum, Sweden Emmanuel Malterre, B. Eng., Professional Geophysicist (APEGGA), Calgary, Alberta, Canada John Marshall, Dip. Geosci (Open), retired, Horncastle, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom Scott Marshall, BS (Computer Science - University of New South Wales), Sydney, Australia Vegard Martinsen, Cand. Scient. (MS equivalent), Education, Senior adviser Institution, Vox City, Oslo, Norway Fred Mathis, BSEE, MSCE, San Jose, California, U.S.A. Shlomo Mayman, S. M. (Nuc. Eng.) M.I.T., Information Technology, Consultant, Mayman Associates, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Malcolm W. MacArthur, PhD, Csci, Biophysics, Senior Research Fellow (retired), Carloway, United Kingdom Malcolm McClure, geologist, Fellow of the Geological Society of London, London, United Kingdom Robert G. McCrossan, PhD, P. Geol. (APEGGA), Petroleum Geologist, Member of FOS, Cochrane, Alberta, Canada Les McDonald, RP Bio; Senior Impact Assessment Biologist, BC Environmental Protection (retired); Consulting Aquatic Biologist, Cranbrook, British Columbia, Canada David McEwen, BS E.E., Electronic Service, R.D.O., V.B. Electronics, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Alister McFarquhar, PhD (international economy, Downing College), Cambridge, United Kingdom Bob McGuire, BA, MSc (University of Montana); retired professional geologist, member of Friends of Science, Calgary, Alberta, Canada John McLean, Post-graduate Diploma of Computer Studies, B. Arch., Climate Data Analyst, Computer scientist, Melbourne, Australia Donald McMaster, B. Eng. (Electrical), specializing in Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Patents, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Leslie McPherson, BSc Chemistry, Retired, Fleet, United Kingdom Ian L McQueen, BS, MEngSc, Chemical Engineer, Glenwood, New Brunswick, Canada Rob Meleon, PhD, biochemist, CSO Pepscan, Lelystad, The Netherlands Eberhard Menzel, PhD, Professor of Electronics and Sensors, Electronics, Gas Sensors, Spectroscopy, Rector, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Fred Michel, PhD, Director, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Associate Professor of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Jean-Luc Migue, PhD (Economics), Economic Research, Senior Fellow, Fraser Institute, Québec, Quebec, Canada Andrew Miklosik, P.Eng., BSc (Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto), (retired), Member, Friends of Science, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada Dusan Milatovic, BS; Senior Software Engineer, Navigation Systems, Offshore Systems Ltd., Burnaby, British Colombia, Canada David Miller, MS (Geology), Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, U.S.A. Frank Milne, PhD, Professor, Dept. of Economics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Barun S. Mitra, engineering degrees: B.Tech. and PG Diploma, Director, Liberty Institute, focuses on public policy research, advocacy and awareness, New Delhi, India Asmunn Moene, PhD, MSc (Meteorology), former head of the Forecasting Centre, Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway H. Michael "Mike" Mogil, Certified Consulting Meteorologist (three decades with NOAA), weather educator and science writer, How the Weatherworks, Naples, Florida, U.S.A. Gregory B. Mohl, PhD, Geologist, G.B. Mohl Oil and Gas Inc., Red Lodge, Montana 59068 Michael Monce, PhD (Physics), Atomic/Molecular; energy and environment, Prof. Physics, Connecticut College, New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. Des Moore, LLB (Melbourne University), BSc (Economics (Hons), London School of Economics), Director - Institute for Private Enterprise, life member of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, former Deputy Secretary, Treasury, Government of Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia M. R. Morgan, PhD, Cdr., FRMS, climate consultant, former meteorology advisor to the World Meteorological Organization. Previously research scientist in climatology at University of Exeter, U.K, now residing in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada Tom Moriarty, MS (Physics), Renewable Energy - Photovoltaics, Senior Scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A. Mark E. Mormino, BS (Mining Engineering, University of Missouri), Chief Engineer, The American Coal Company, Galatia, Illinois, U.S.A. Nils-Axel Mörner, PhD (Sea Level Changes and Climate), Emeritus Professor of Paleogeophysics & Geodynamics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Daryl Morse, B.A.Sc. (Electrical Engineering), P.Eng. Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada Luboš Motl, PhD, Physicist, former Harvard string theorist, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic R. John Muench, MS (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Heartland Community College, Normal, Illinois, U.S.A. Ralph Mullinger, BA (Economics and Philosophy, Rice University), MA (Business Economics, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania), Energy Economist, Findlay, Ohio, U.S.A. Gregory Murphy, Graduate of the US Naval Nuclear Power Program, Independent Researcher and Assistant Editor of 21st Century Science and Technology Magazine, Leesburg, Virginia, U.S.A. Jonathan R. Murray, BS (Geology, West Virginia University), Senior Geologist, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Robert E. Murray, PE, B. Eng. (mining engineering, West Virginia University), AMP (Harvard University); Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Pepper Pike, Ohio, U.S.A. Robert Edward Murray, B Eng. (mining engineering, West Virginia University), MBA (Ohio State University), Vice President, Business Development and External Affairs, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Pepper Pike, Ohio, U.S.A. Ryan M. Murray, B Eng. (mining engineering, West Virginia University), MBA (Ohio State University); Vice President, Operations, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Warren Nance, MS (Genetics), retired Geneticist, USDA, Gulfport, Mississippi, U.S.A. Robert Neff, MS (Meteorology, St Louis University), Weather Officer, USAF, Contractor support to NASA Meteorology Satellites, retired, Camp Springs, Maryland, U.S.A. Thomas Nelson, MSc (Electrical and Electronics Engineering), North Oaks, Minnesota, U.S.A. [[John Nicol, BSc (University of Queensland), PhD (James Cook University); Chairman, Australia Chapter of the ICSC, Radio Physics and High Resolution Optical Spectroscopy, former Senior Lecturer of Physics at James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; now residing in Brisbane, Australia Joanne Nova, BSc (Hons, Microbiology, University of Western Australia), Grad Cer. (Sci Comm, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia), Director, ScienceSpeak, Science presenter on TV, radio, and professional conference keynote speaker, Perth, Western Australia, Australia David Nowell, M.Sc., Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society, former chairman of the NATO Meteorological Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Frank O'Callaghan, Bachelor of Engineering, retired, Port McNicoll, Ontario, Canada Steven James O'Connor, BSc (Geology), C Geol., FGS, professional stratigrapher, Wellington, New Zealand Peter Oliver, BS, MS, PhD, FGA, Geology, Geochemistry, Paleomagnetism, Research Scientist, retired, Upper Hutt, New Zealand Cliff Ollier, PhD, Professor Emeritus (Geology), Research Fellow, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia Peter Olson, Professional Engineer, Langley, British, Canada Curtis Osgood, BS (Meteorology, Lyndon State College), Consulting Meteorologist, Forecaster/Consultant, Granby, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Jorgen Overgaard, MSc (Forestry), Forest Management (retired), Brunbury, Western Australia, Australia Robert Overland, B.A.Sc., Professional Engineer, Principal, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Pat Palmer, MAgrSc (agronomy), pollution control expert (sources and effects on health), retired from Crop Research Division, DSIR, Christchurch, New Zealand Pan Pantziarka, BEng (Hon), PhD, Mathematical modelling and software development, London, United Kingdom Ron Parker, BA (Physics, University of North Carolina), Flat Rock, North Carolina, U.S.A. Donald Parkes, PhD, BA (Hons), MA, retired Professor Human Ecology, Australia and Japan Arthur M. Patterson, BASc, P. Eng. (Geological Engineer), a founder of Friends of Science, Calgary, Canada John Pawley, Master Applied Science, Professional Engineer, retired, Guelph, Ontario, Canada Richard Pearson, MSCE, Engineering Consulting, Vice President, Private Company, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. James A. Peden, Atmospheric Physicist, webmaster Middlebury Networks, Vermont, U.S.A. Al Pekarek, PhD, Associate Professor of Geology, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Dept., St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota, U.S.A Paul Pekarek, MS Aerospace Science, BS Geography, Certificate International Relations, Major (USAF, Retired), Minnesota U.S.A Mark Peters, BS (Computer Science), Principal Software Engineer, Woodland Hills, California, U.S.A. Ralph Peters, Nuclear engineering, (General Atomics, retired), La Jolla, California, U.S.A. Adam Peterson, BS (Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Platteville), Design Project Engineer, ITW Engineered Fasteners, Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Beverley J. Pfeffer, B.Eng., (Geology), P.Geol, (professional geologist), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Stanley T. Piasecki, BS (Electrical Engineering, Southern Illinois University), Vice President, Operations, OhioAmerican Energy, Inc., Wheeling, West Virginia, U.S.A. Michael Pizolato, BSc (Computer Science), Information Technology, Allentown, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Ian Plimer, PhD, Professor of Mining Geology, The University of Adelaide; Emeritus Professor of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia Randy Pochel, geologist (independent), Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A. Andy Pollaehne, MS (Geosciences), science teacher, Huntington, Utah, U.S.A. Gerrit Jan Pompe, BSc (Electronics), RN (Registered Nurse), Macquarrie Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Henry Popoff, BS (Civil Engineering), retired, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Michael Porter, Professional Engineer, Principal Consultant, Porter McGuffie, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A. Daniel Joseph Pounder, BS (Meteorology, University of Oklahoma), MS (Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign); Weather Forecasting, Meteorologist, WILL AM/FM/TV, the public broadcasting station of the University of Illinois, Urbana, U.S.A. Patrick Powell, BS (Meteorology/Physical Geography, Western Illinois University), AMS Board of Broadcast Meteorology, CBM, Chief Meteorologist, WLUK-TV, Green Bay, Wisconsin, U.S.A. John D. Power, BA (Mechanical Engineering), Consulting Engineer, Longview, Washington, U.S.A. Phil Powers, Power Engineering Degree, Mechanical Engineering, Start-up engineer, Bechtel Corp, Rockdale, Texas, U.S.A. Brian Pratt, PhD, Professor of Geology (Sedimentology), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Harry N.A. Priem, PhD, Professor (retired) Utrecht University, isotope and planetary geology, Past-President Royal Netherlands Society of Geology and Mining, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Terry Quigley, Master of Information Systems (MIS, Swinburne University), ICT Consultant, Program Management Office, ICT Applications Development and Services Organisation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia R. Quon, BS (Biochemistry), Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Edward L. Rademacher, Jr, MSc (Engineering Science), Professional Engineer / Chemical Engineer, removal of pollutants from combustion offgas, Centennial, Colorado, U.S.A. Harold H. Ramsey, ME (Stevens Institute of Technology), Guilford, Connecticut, U.S.A. Don Rathgeber, PhD (Chemical Engineering), retired, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada Mike Rea, BS, Medicine, Chairman, IDEA Group, Cranfield, Beds, United Kingdom Jennifer Reeves, MBA, Engineer, Student of Climate Issues, Telecommunications, Network Engineer II, Embarq Corp., Mansfield, Ohio, U.S.A. George A. Reilly, PhD (Geology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor), Economic Geology, Geochemistry, retired, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Steven Reilly, BScF, MBA, Energy Industry, Calgary, Alberta, Canada George Reinhart III, PhD, PE (Environmental Engineering), Civil and Environmental Engineering, Project Engineer, Consulting Firm, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A. Henriques Renato, PhD, Geology, Auxiliary Professor, University of Minho, Braga, Braga, Portugal Robert Reynolds, BASc (Engineering), Computer Business, Operations Manager, Oakville, Ontario, Canada Max Rheese, Executive Director, Australian Environment Foundation, Canberra, Australia Richard Rhodes, BS (Horticulture), Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Robert (Bob) Richardson, BSc (Physics, Maths -  Sydney University), BE (Civil), Newport, New South Wales, Australia Rolf Riehm, Dipl.-Ing (natural science and mechanical  engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany), retired, Hettenleidelheim, Germany Jack Riley, MEng, Communications, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Christine Roberts, BS (Materials Engineering, Virginia Tech), MBA (University of Chicago Graduate School of Business), Brisbane, Australia J.A.L. Robertson, B.A., M.A. (Nat.Sci./Physics), F.R.S.C., nuclear-energy consultant, 2005 Education & Communication Award, Canadian Nuclear Society/Canadian Nuclear Association, Deep River, Ontario, Canada Richard B. Robertson, P. Eng., B. Sc., C.E., Comox, British Columbia, Canada Jacques Robin, PhD, Computer Science Professor, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil Art Robinson, PhD (Chemistry), founder and Professor of Chemistry, Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine, Cave Junction, Oregon, U.S.A. Robert Robinson, BS (Mechanical Engineering), Manufacturing, CEO/Founder, Kaivac Inc, Hamilton, Ohio, U.S.A. J.T. Rogers, PhD, FCAE, F.C.S.M.E., P.Eng., nuclear engineer, energy analyst, Adjunct Research Professor and Professor Emeritus, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Steven Rogers, BA (Physics), Austin, Texas, U.S.A. Robert G. Roper, PhD, Emeritus Professor of Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. Arthur Rorsch, PhD, Emeritus Professor, Molecular Genetics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands Curt Rose, BA, MA (University of Western Ontario), MA, PhD (Clark University), Professor Emeritus, Department of Environmental Studies and Geography, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada  Robert Roseman, Meteorology & Climatology, TV Meteorologist, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. William Rosenfeld, DDS, periodontist (retired), Charleston, West Virginia, U.S.A. Kenn Rosin, BS (C.E.), MS, P.Eng., Transportation Engineering, Manager of Transportation, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Gabriel Roth, M.A., B.Sc.(Eng.), M.I.C.E., M.C.I.T., Research Fellow of the Independent Institute, Civil Engineer and Transport Economist, Chevy Chase, Maryland, U.S.A. Walden Roush, MS (Physics), Senior Engineer (retired), IBM, formerly flight and ground school instructor (including weather), East Fishkill, New York, U.S.A. Kenneth Rundt, PhD, Bio-Technology, Manager, Turku, Finland Herbert Runkle, BA (Petroleum Engineering, Ohio State U), Civil Engineering, Environmental Science, Division Leader, US Gov., Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A. Gerry Runolfson, BSC., Chairman, Elkon Products Inc., Concrete Construction, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Michael Ryan, MSc, Computer Science, Redmond, Washington, U.S.A. Robert Sabo, MD, Nephrology, Med Director McMinnville Dialysis, NRA McMinnville, McMinnville, Tennessee, U.S.A. Robert W. Sandidge, BS (Electrical Engineering, Western Kentucky University), President and General Manager, KenAmerican Resources, Inc., Central City, Kentucky, U.S.A. Paul Sandor, BASc, MD, Neuropsychiatry, Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Bamunuarachchi Saranapala, BSc (Engineering), Management Consultant, Sole Trader, Pinner, Middlesex, United Kingdom Stephen Savoie, BS (Geology) Petroleum Geology, Senior Geologist, Traverse City, Michigan, U.S.A. Richard Sawyer, BS, Engineering Consultant, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Rob Scagel, MSc (forest microclimate specialist), Principal Consultant - Pacific Phytometric Consultants, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada Carl Schaftenaar, BA (Geology, Hope College), MS (Geophysics, Texas A&M University), Great Basin Exploration Consultants Inc., Lakewood, Colorado, U.S.A. Clive Schaupmeyer, M.Sc., P.Ag., Coaldale, Alberta, Canada Tore Scherstén, MD, PhD, Professor of Surgery, University of Gothenburg, member of the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences and previous Secretary General of the Swedish Medical Research Council, Gothenburg, Sweden Chris Schoneveld, MSc (Structural Geology), PhD (Geology), retired exploration geologist and geophysicist, Australia and France Bruce Schwoegler, BS (Meteorology and Naval Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison), Chief Technology Officer, MySky Communications Inc, meteorologist, science writer and principal/co-founder of MySky, Lakeville, Massachusetts, U.S.A. . David Scott, BSc, PGCE, DMS, MIET, Management Consultant (retired), The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Lymington, Hampshire, United Kingdom Malcolm Sedgman, Bachelor of Dental Science (Melbourne), General Dentistry (retired), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Tom V. Segalstad, PhD (Geology/Geochemistry), Head of the Geological Museum and Associate Professor of Resource and Environmental Geology, University of Oslo, Norway Milos Setek, Meteorologist/Statistician, Senior Scientist, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia K. Seunarine, BEng, PhD, Biophotonics, Post Doc, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland John Shade, BS (Physics), MS (Atmospheric Physics), MS (Applied Statistics), Industrial Statistics Consultant, GDP, Dunfermline, United Kingdom Gary Sharp, PhD, Scientific Director, Center for Climate/Ocean Resources Study, Salinas, California, U.S.A. Thomas P. Sheahen, PhD (physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), specialist in energy sciences, notably renewable energy, Oakland, Maryland, U.S.A. Vedat Shehu, Prof. Dr. Eng., Geologist, Engineering Geology, Tectonics, Geoingineering, Sharon, Massachusetts, U.S.A. and Professor "Geoingineering Research Unit" in Tirana, Albania Wayne Shepheard, M.Sc., Petroleum Geology, Independent Consultant, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Richard F. Shepherd, ARCS (Mathematics), PhD, DIC (high energy physics), FIMA (numerical analysis), FBCS (director of computing centre, retired), Pembroke, United Kingdom Geoff Shorten, BS, Laboratory Information, Director, LabWare, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa Larry Shultis, BS (Chemistry, Mathematics), Number Theory, retired, Fontana, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Russell W. Shurts, BSc (Engineering Chemistry), MSc (Accounting, University of Colorado), CFO, Colorado Container Corporation (Denver, Colorado), Centennial, Colorado, U.S.A. Paavo Siitam, M.Sc., agronomist and chemist, Cobourg, Ontario, Canada David Simpson, BS, Mineral Exploration, retired, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Ronald Skoog, BSCS, MSSE, Computer Science, Santa Rosa, California, U.S.A. Derek Smith, PhD, former Professor, Engineering Faculty of Queen Mary College, London University, Great Malvern, United Kingdom L. Graham Smith, PhD, Associate Professor in Geography, specialising in Resource Management, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. William F. Smyth, Ph.D., Computer Science, Emeritus Professor, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Kevin Snodgrass, BS, Mathematics, Physics, Computer Science, Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.A. Jan-Erik Solheim, Professor of Astrophysics, Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Henry Solomon, BA (Computer Science), retired Network Architect, Merrill Lynch, New York, New York, U.S.A. Raymond John Soper, BSc (Mineral Technology, Otago University), MBA (University of New South Wales), mining engineer (retired), Cammerary, New South Wales, Australia Oleg G. Sorokhtin, PhD, Director of Ocean Laboratory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Richard Sparks, BS Wildlife Management, MBA,  Tree Farmer, Construction Administration, Claims Analyst, Foster, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Adam Spong, BSc (Biology), BA (Chemistry), Graduate Student Department of Pharmacology (Southern Illinois University School of Medicine), Springfield, Illinois, U.S.A. T. J. ("Jim") Sprott, PhD, OBE, MSc, FNZIC, consulting chemist, forensic scientist, Auckland, New Zealand Darrick Stallings, PE (Petroleum Engineering), Artesia, New Mexico, U.S.A. Walter Starck, PhD (marine science), marine biologist (specialization in coral reefs and fisheries with 1000 dives from northern Cape York to the Capricorn group), author, photographer, Townsville, Australia Glen Stedham, BSc; LLB, Lawyer, retired, Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada Gerhard Stehlik, Dr.rer.nat. Chemist, Industry, Senior Expert, Hanau, Germany Craig Stevens, BA (Biology), MD, Physician, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. Roger Stevens, BA (Physics), Austin, Texas, U.S.A. William Dale Stevens, BA, MSc. (Neuroscience), PhD (Neuropsychology, University of Toronto); Postdoctoral Research Fellow (Neuroscience, Harvard University), Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Peter Stilbs, TeknD, Professor of Physical Chemistry, Research Leader, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), Stockholm, Sweden Robert Stringer, Dip Metallurgy BSC, Research, retired, CSIRO, Yungaburra, Queensland, Australia Arlin Super, PhD (Meteorology), Weather Modification, retired Research Meteorologist, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Saint Cloud, Minnesota, U.S.A. John K. Sutherland, PhD (Geology), retired, Health Physicist, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada Frank Szabo, M.Sc. (Earth Science), Geologist, President, CKS Energy Ltd, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Judy Szikora, MSc Computer Science, Software Development, President, Apprisant Technologies Inc., Calgary, Alberta, Canada Joseph Tamashasky, BSEE, MSEE; Engineer (retired), Lucent Technology, New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Jose Luis Tapia, economist, Instituto de Libre Empresa (ILE), Lima, Peru Daryl L Taylor, BS (Physics), M. Ed (Instructional Technology), Science Teacher (Physics), Greenwich High School, NASA Astrophysics Educator Ambassador, PAEMST '96, IEOTY '03, Greenwich High School, Naugatuck, Connecticut, U.S.A. Larry Taylor, PhD (Chemistry), West Chester, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Malcolm Taylor, Dip ES (Climatology and Hydrology specialization), Power Systems Analyst, Otago, New Zealand Mike W. Taylor, PE (Registered Professional Engineer, Texas, U.S.A.), Principal and Petroleum Engineer, Lone Star Land & Energy, LLC, Highland Village, Texas, U.S.A. Dean Teja, Degrees in Engineering and Finance, Finance/Taxation, Senior Manager, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Dick Thoenes, PhD, Emeritus Professor of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands Paul Thomas, MASc (Electrical, Mechanical), Aerospace/Fuels Conservation, General Manager, North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Mr. Alexander Thompson, Honours BSc (Geology), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Jeremy Thornton, BE (Mech.) – MIPENZ – CPEng – IntPE, Engineering Director, Auckland, New Zealand Wolfgang Thüne, PhD, Dipl.-Met., Senior Meteorologist and Sociologist, Oppenheim, Germany Derek Tipp, Councillor, serves on the District Council Environment Review Panel, New Forest, Honours degree in applied chemistry, previously a research chemist and teacher, Hampshire, Southampton, United Kingdom Greg Toomey, BS, Business Intelligence, Computer Consultant, Skura Corporation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Göran Tullberg, Civilingenjör i Kemi (equivalent to Masters of Chemical Engineering), currently teacher of Environmental Protection Engineering and Organic Chemistry at University in Växjö; Falsterbo, Sweden James R. Turner, BS (Mining Engineering/Geology, West Virginia University), BS (Computer Engineering), Executive MBA; Director, Financial Services and Information Technology, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Powhatan Point, Ohio, U.S.A. Stu Turner, PhD (Engineering), BS (Physics), Human Space Flight, Senior Systems Engineer, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Albert Tuttle, Research Scientist, Re-entry Physics, Team Leader, AVCO Everette Research Lab, retired, Everett, Massachusetts, U.S.A.  Paula Tyroler, PhD (Chemical Eng), Metallurgy, retired, Waubaushene, Ontario, Canada Richard Ulven, BS (Agricultural Science), Hawley, Minnesota, U.S.A. Erwin Unger, BSc (Geology/Geophysics), 35 years Professional Geophysicist, Carseland, Alberta, Canada Brian G. Valentine, PhD, PE (Chem.), Technology Manager - Industrial Energy Efficiency, Adjunct Associate Professor of Engineering Science, University of Maryland at College Park, Dept. of Energy, Washington D.C., U.S.A. Glenn C. Van Bever, Esq., BS (Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky), BS (Mining Engineering, University of Kentucky), Doctorate of Juris (University of Kentucky), General Counsel, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. Gerrit J. van der Lingen, PhD, geologist and paleoclimatologist, climate change consultant, Geoscience Research and Investigations, Christchurch, New Zealand Roderick W. Van Koughnet, BS (Geology), MS (Geology (Geophysics), Wright State University), Senior Geoscientist, L&M Petroleum, Wellington, New Zealand John Van Krimpen, BApp Sci Mathematics (Stats Econometrics and Comp Sci, Queensland University of Technology), Australia. J.P. van Wolfswinkel, ir. (Mechanical Engineering, Delft University), Bennebroek, The Netherlands Tony van Wouw, B.Sc. P.Eng. (Electrical Engineering), President, Exotek Systems, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada Brigitte VanVliet-Lanoe, State Doctorate, Europe, Senior Scientist, CNRS, Plouzane, France Anna Vayaki, PhD (Physics, University of Ioannina, Greece), Director of Research (retired) High Energy Physics, Nuclear Physics Institute, National Research Center Demokritos, Attiki, Greece, now residing in Athens, Greece Joseph Velasquez, Environmental Remediation/Regulatory Compliance, Environmental Scientist, Accelerated Waste Solutions, Rigby, Idaho, US.A. Hans Verbeek, BA (Biology), Delft, The Netherlands Jack Verduyn, general BA in Science, "40 year student of climate and weather as a commercial pilot", RCAF and Air Canada, Milton, Ontario, Canada Gösta Walin, Professor, i oceanografi, Earth Science Center, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden Gary Walker, BSc (Honors Geology), Calgary, Alberta, Canada Len Walker, BE, PhD (Cantab), Civil Engineer, civil engineer, Melbourne, Australia Patricia Walker, BSc Ag, High River, Alberta, Canada Sergio Wanderley, Computer Science Bacharel, IT, Support Analyst, Unochapeco, Chapeco, SC, Brazil Stephen Ward, BS (Elec. Eng.), Building Environments, Business Development, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Peter Warlow, BA (Hon. Math and Physics), retired, Brentwood, Essex, United Kingdom Randy Washburn, BS (Physics, University of Texas), Microelectronic Information Tech, Senior IT Specialist, Arlington, Texas, U.S.A. David P. Washinsky, BS (Mining Engineering, Pennsylvania State University), Honors Degree (Mineral Economics, Rand Afrikaans University), Business Development and Project Engineer, The Ohio Valley Coal Company, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. Neil Waterhouse, PhD (Physics, Thermal, Electronic Properties of Materials, Precise Temperature Measurement), retired, National research Council, Bell Northern Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada James Waters, BS (Electrical Engineering), Liquid chromotography, Founder - Waters Corp, Framingham, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Thorpe Watson, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., Metallurgical Engineer, retired, Teck Cominco, Trail, British Columbia, Canada Tom Watts, B.Sc., MBA, P. Eng, retired, Caledon, Ontario, Canada David Weatherell, BS (Computer Engineering), MS (Electrical Engineering), senior software engineer, Rochester, New York, U.S.A. Bob Webster, BS (Mathematics), Systems Analysis & Modeling, retired, Vero Beach, Florida, U.S.A. Jack Wedel, BS (Geography), Arctic Hydrology, retired, Environment Canada, Keewatin, Ontario, Canada James Weeg, BS (Geology), MS (Env. Science), Professional Geologist, Hydrologist, Associate Professor, Environmental Geology, Geologist Advent Environmental Inc., Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, U.S.A. Rich Weiss, BSc (Meteorology, Valparaiso University), Meteorologist, Supervisor of Meteorology, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Garth Wenck, BE, BEcon. BA, Civil Engineering, CEO, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Eric Westphal, PhD (Physics, California Institute of Technology), Finance, Portfolio Manager Institution, Koch Industries, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Forese-Carlo Wezel, Professor of Stratigraphy (global and Mediterranean geology, mass biotic extinctions and paleoclimatology), University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy William Whitney, PEng (Mechanical Engineering), St. Albert, Alberta, Canada King Wiemann, AB (Physics), MS (The Pennsylvania State University, Acoustics), Finance, Manager of ICE, BAE Systems Inc, Vestal, New York, U.S.A. Otto H. Wildgruber, Engineer (electrical), Dormitz, Bavaria, Germany Chris Wilkins, BS (Agric.), Agronomy, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Stephan Wilksch, PhD (Professor of Production & Logistics Management, Innovation and Technology Management, FHTW Berlin, University of Applied Sciences), Berlin, Germany Robert Wille, MS (Computer Science), VP Software Engineering, Footnote.com, Lindon, Utah, U.S.A. Thomas Smith Williams III, BS (Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech), Glen Allen, Virginia, U.S.A. David Willis, MEng (Canterbury, New Zealand), MBA (Massey New Zealand), retired project manager of power station engineering and environmental investigations, Electricity Corporation of New Zealand, Lower Hutt, New Zealand David Wilson, BSc (Chemical Engineering), Reay, Caithness, United Kingdom Art Winckers, MSc (Mining Engineering), Mineral Processing Consultant, North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada John Wincott, BA, BSc, MBA, PhD, Academic (retired), Perth, Western Australia, Australia Edward Winsa, MS (Engineering Science), International Space Station Microgravity Science, Project Manager and Project Scientist, NASA Glenn R.C. (retired), Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Boris Winterhalter, PhD, senior marine researcher (retired), Geological Survey of Finland, former professor in marine geology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Bruno Wiskel, BSc (Honours Geology), P.Geol., President and CEO Mr. V's Field & Forest Inc., Colinton, Alberta, Canada Jason D. Witt, Esq., BS (Mining Engineering), Doctorate of Jurisprudence (West Virginia University), General Counsel, Murray Energy Corporation and Subsidiary Companies, Alledonia, Ohio, U.S.A. David E. Wojick, PhD, P.Eng., energy consultant, Star Tannery, Virginia, U.S.A. Alexander Wood, BS (Meteorology), Winter Haven, Florida, U.S.A. Arnold Woodruff, M.Sc.(Atmospheric Physics, U.C.W.Aberystwyth), B.Sc.(Physics, Durham), Terrestrial & Spaceborne Exploration Geophysics, Consultant Geophysicist, Woodruff Exploration & Production Ltd., Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom Peter Wrenshall, MSc (Geography, Meteorology), New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada Chris Yakymyshyn, PhD, MS, BS (EE/Physics), Instrumentation, Vice President Technology, FieldMetrics Inc., Seminole, Florida, U.S.A. Gary A Young, MS, MBA, Naval Captain (retired), General Manager, Colorado Springs Technology Center of Hewlett Packard (retired), Research Associate, The Independence Institute writing on Energy Policy, Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S.A. Roger Young, BS, MS, D.I.C. F.G.S., Geophysics, Geophysical Consultant, Bedford, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom Josef Zboril, MSc. (Chemistry), Board Member, Confederation of Industry, Prague, Czech Republic A. Zichichi, PhD, President of the World Federation of Scientists, Geneva, Switzerland; Emeritus Professor of Advanced Physics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Stan Zlochen, MS (Atmospheric Science), USAF (retired), Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.A.