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The South Korean government has been making and amending policies to fulfill the need for public housing in the country. Many organizations and corporations are established to optimize land use and provide houses to the citizens, including Korea National Housing Corporation.

= Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport- Housing System Policies of South Korea = The South Korean government has been making and amending policies to fulfill the need for public housing in the country. Many organizations and corporations are established to optimize land use and provide houses to the citizens, including Korea National Housing Corporation.

During the 1980s, the Republic of Korea addressed this issue practically by involving the private sector within a regulatory framework. The government provided developable land on a large scale through public sector developers, extended financing through the National Housing Fund, and implemented regulations on the production and allocation of new housing. The government also prioritized potential first-time homebuyers so that they can buy one house each in the housing policy.

The primary purpose of the housing policy was to reduce housing shortages and maintain standard housing prices. With these policies, the goal was achieved and improvements could be seen in the housing conditions by the 2000s.

History
Seoul was the capital of the Joseon Dynasty and has accumulated rich cultural assets through numerous historical periods during the past 600 years. The site of this study was the geographic and political center of the Joseon Dynasty, with traces of old palaces and royal culture remaining in the area today.

In the Joseon era, housing aesthetics entirely depended on the social class that one belonged. Typically the houses of yangban (upper class), jungin (middle class), and urban commoners, with giwa (tiled roof), emphasized not only the function of the house but also its aesthetics. The houses of provincial commoners (as well as some impoverished yangban), with choga (a roof plaited by rice straw), were built in a more strictly functional manner. The houses themselves were referred to as Hanok.

Over the last 60 years or so there’s been a significant shift in the way housing policies in Korea, especially after the Japanese Rule period (1910 -1945).

Immediately after the liberation, social activists and long-suffering laborers organized the local councils of people’s commissions throughout the country. They defeated the Japanese, took over the administration, and punished collaborators with the colonial government. In rural areas, they tried to implement plans to redistribute land. In urban areas, they formed trade unions seizing factories and controlling transport and communications. This conflicted with the interests of the traditional landlord class and entrepreneurs newly emerged in the colonial period.

With the occupancy by the United States Army of the southern part of the Korean peninsula in September 1945, the landlord class and entrepreneurs could have a chance to regain their dominance. They, in a coalition with bureaucrats that had served in the colonial government, established the first South Korean Government under the strong anti-Communist, American-educated President Rhee in August 1948. In response, the councils of the people’s commission were combined to form the All-Korea Council of Labour Union (known as Chon-Pyong). Chon-pyong, though outlawed by the new Government, led a number of strikes and peasants’ uprisings during the period of political struggle between the left and right political parties in the latter half of the 1940s. The conflicts led to the confrontation between South Korea and North Korea, known as the Korean War (1950-1953)

Owing to the rapid economic growth and urbanization in Korea there arose a housing problem in South Korea. The initial housing policy in facto was tackled by president Park Chung-hee's administration(1962–1979) beginning in 1962 when the ﬁrst5-year national economic development plan was launched. National development projects including highway building and industrial zone development driven by the government

The government then took steps to provide housing by extending new laws and regulations. The government also offered developable land to the private sector. The priority is one house per household was brought into fruition by implementing tax incentives and subsidies for first-time house buyers.

References


 * https://www.academia.edu/14672315/Housing_Policy_for_Low-income_Families_in_Korea_a_Historical_Overview
 * https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201220962918789.pdf
 * https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338854235_H_Housing_Policies_in_South_Korea
 * https://www.adb.org/publications/housing-policy-republic-korea#:~:text=The%20most%20important%20goals%20of%20the%20housing%20policy,and%20allocating%20housing%20units%20to%20intended%20target%20groups