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SAMARTHA
( Solid And Waste Material Removing Through Air) PROJECT BY DEVENDRA AND PRABHAT

INTRODUCTION Pollution- The term is self-explanatory and has a simple meaning but its effect on human life is fatal. It’s a beast created by human for self destruction. Pollution has already reached on an alarming level and is increasing day by day. One of the major cause of increasing pollution is increase in population .Our project is mainly based on water pollution. Solids as well as semi solids waste materials are increasing water pollution in an high amount. The solid waste in water bodies are nothing but statues, paper, flowers and other worshiping stuffs which are immersed intentionally by humans as a matter of rituals. The other reason for increase of solid waste in water bodies is floods as floods carry a high amount of solid pollutants with it. Further this solid waste after decomposition serves to be a reason of great epidemic. Water is very essential for living .We can live without food for about 10-15 days but without water it is hardly possible to survive after 3-4 days. Life without water is impossible. It is well said that water is life. Human body comprises of 75-78% of water .People are unable to understand importance of water even after knowing its value. Most of the people misuse water. They use it in very irrelevantly. Water is not only used for drinking and irrigation purpose only. Apart from these two important uses it is widely used in industries for manufacturing of medicines and food products. Water is equally essential for animals, insects and other living organisms too. Water is used in building houses and driving vehicles too. If the water supply is stopped for one day only then most of the household works come to a halt. Such as it is impossible to cook food, clean utensils and wash cloths without water. Even it is impossible to use toilets without water. From the examples given above we can see that water plays very crucial role in our day to day life. India is known as a country having too many rivers ,in ancient times ,even after getting packed in bottles for years Ganga water does not get steal but now a days sacred rivers like Ganga and Yamuna are bearing high amount of water pollution at many places .We have to clean this water and have to prevent it from getting polluted in future. If we continue to misuse water in this way then the day is not too far when we have to fight a war for water and it will be sold at high rates.

About 78% of our earth is of water out of which only 1% is portable .Continue misuse of water is leading  towards the underground water level decrement .Plantation of trees is not possible without water. Already planted trees are degrading because of scarcity of water .This of course is affecting environment up to a great extent. Some studies suggest that about half of the total population of earth will suffer from scarcity of water by 2025

MOTIVE This project has a motive to prevent water bodies from getting polluted by solid and semi-solid wastes produced by remaining of statues .We have named this project SAMARTHA (Solid wastes material removing through air).This project was proposed and made by Mr Prabhat  Chhirolya  in the year 2013 and was selected for national level science exhibition. Before this Mr Prabhat competitor in state level, district level, block level and stood first for making such a dynamic project. In 2016 Mr Prabhat Chhirolya and Mr Devendra Yadav further researched on this project and made some improvement in it so as to make it more useful and convenient in use. Our main motive is to take out statues, other solid and semi-solid pollutants from water bodies before their degradation and to clean nearby environment so that people can use the place with ease. Usually uppermost layer and banks of river are cleaned by municipalities but it is almost impossible to clean the waste materials present inside water. With the help of this project easy removal of heavy solid impurities is possible in just one go by using air.

WHY IS THIS PROJECT IMPORTANT? Almost each water body in India is suffering from water pollution .Yamuna is most polluted river in India. One of reports of United Nations has declared Yamuna river as dead river .The condition of this river is getting worse day by day .If we take reports of various organizations into consideration ,they reveals that every year government is spending a huge amount of money (i.e. in thousand crores) to prevent this water bodies from getting polluted. Even after this much expenditure the attack of pollution on this water bodies is increasing day by day. In this situation it is essential to use new technology and new methods to do the needful. To prevent water pollution policies are being made but this policies are of long term .Even some of the policies take about 9-10 years to complete but the conclusions are unsatisfactory. Some of the policies are as follows:- POLICIES                               DURATION          EXPENDITURE Yamuna action plan phase-1    1993 to 2003       850 crores Yamuna action plan phase-2   2003 to 2007       641 crores Yamuna action plan phase-3   2007 to 2017        1600 crores Clean Yamuna project               August 2016        40 crores Naag river pollution free          June 2016             1559 crores Water bodies are bearing a lot of loss due to religious beliefs and immersion of statues. In every city around 50 big statues are established every year and after few days they are immersed in sacred water bodies present in the vicinity. The mud from which these statues are made gets dissolved but the components which provide stability to these statues such as plywood’s, nails etc. settle down at the bottom of the river or pond. After 25 days ,this components start degrading and proves to be fatal for the aquatic organisms and nearby environment. In our nation all religion is treated equally .There is no discrimination between religions and for this reason only people are allowed to follow customs related to their religion without any restrictions. Such as in Hindu religion, on the occasion of Diwali, cleaning and dusting of house is done .Old portraits and shattered statues are immersed in rivers. Similarly after establishing lord Ganesh statue on Ganesh caturthi, we worship it for 11 days and then immerse it in sacred river or any other water body .The same process is followed on other occasions such as during worshiping goddess durga etc. During all this religious works small things such as garland of flowers, packets of fluorescence stick and large things such as statues are immersed in water. Not only in Hindu is religion, in other religions also, immersion of remaining sacred stuff considered as ritual. In India it is impossible to stop such customs and rituals therefore we should take some serious steps to prevent water pollution. This project is made to accomplish desired goal. Flood carry a lot of solid as well as semi solid pollutants with it, which after passing through grounds get mix in rivers which decreases the depth of river. Flood also carries soil with it which is also a major reason for shallowness of rivers. Many times when the depth of river reduces then the water comes out of the river and rushes towards the nearby residential areas which in turn lead to many casualties and loss of human life .this usually happens in rainy season. According to a report published in the year 2015, there are still many villages in India which get disconnected from the nearby city or town due to flood .During such disaster the only way out for such villages is the use of air transportation.

FUNCTION :- We can install this project at any water resource where the water pollution is high. Solid impurities are removed from water with the help of air .A net is used in it .A rubber tube is attached below this net and a sensor is connected with the net. The net is connected with pillars. This net is installed at the bottom of the water body. As soon as the garbage starts gathering on this net, the sensor starts its work. The sensor is capable of reading weight of garbage collected on the net and then reading is sent to control room. When the sensor shows predefined limit of weight on net, air is supplied to the tube through a pipe. Air is lighter than water therefore rubber tube starts to float and come upwards along with the garbage collected on the net. The garbage is then removed from net and once the garbage is removed, the air from rubber tube is taken out and due to this the net again reaches to the bottom of the water body .The process is repeated after litter gets collected on the net up to defined limit.

Design Process :- whole apparatus is designed on the basis of the shape of the water body .The main part is net which is designed on the basis of the weight of pollutants which it has to bear. A rubber tube is attached to the lower part of net which is further connected to control room with the help of a small pipe. The volume of rubber tube is designed on the basis of weight of pollutants. The volume of tube varies with the amount of air blown in it. The tube is covered by a thick layer so that aquatic animals does not damage it .The whole net is attached to pillars so that when water flows at high rate the net does not get dislocate from its original position. A sensor is attached below this net which measures the weight of pollutant, the sensor is connected to control room through signals .The information is sent to the control room where the controller read it on the monitor device .Since the rubber tube can bear only a limited amount of weight so the sensor is set on that limit so that it can send signals as soon as the weight of pollutants reaches the defined limit .the controller present in the control room blows air to in tube through pipe. The tube begins to lift itself along with the net as air starts entering in it. Since the net rises from bottom to top it takes all the solid pollutants present in water along with it. The pollutants are then removed from net and then the pollutants are sent to solid waste treatment plant where it decomposes.

BENEFITS FROM THIS PROJECT 1. - It is economic as compared to traditional method. It can be used without evacuating the water from the water bodies 2. - It is based on one time investment 3.-Solid and semi-solid pollutants present in water can be removed easily 4. - We can clean the whole water body in less than one hour .it is a time saving technology. 5. - The installation of net at prescribed level of water can save humans from drowning. And in case of emergency we can take out the net in less than 20 seconds.

WHERE TO INSTALL THIS PROJECT The places where large amount of statue immersions takes place and high amount of garbage gathers are relevant places to install this project .There are lot of places where we can take this project in implementation such as ponds, famous river banks and the places where large amount of solid pollutants are thrown away such as the water bodies present near temples, forts and cities etc. To understand water body where the installation of project has to be done is very much important.

FACTOR 1. - The cleaning of water body before installation of project is essential. 2. - The depth of water body should not be less than 1 meter, if it is less than 1 meter then we have to increase its depth first. 3.- the boundaries of water bodies should be there ,if the boundaries are not there then the construction of boundaries or banks is needed as it defines the area of the water body

PROJECT BY Mr.PRABHAT CHHIROLYA MOB- 8519056134 prabhat.chhirolya@gmail.com Mr.DEVENDRA YADAV MOB- 8516078595                                              devendray0608@gmail.com