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INTRODUCTION OF CHEMISTRY The branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances. The first definition captures many of the essential ingredients of chemistry

1.Chemistry is a science. There is only one sanctioned procedure for determining whether a statement about matter is really chemistry: the exhaustive, inefficient, but highly successful scientific method. Chemists often arrive at new results by non scientific means (like luck or sheer creativity), but their work isn't chemistry unless it can be reproduced and verified scientifically. 2.Chemistry is a systematic study. Chemists have devised several good methods for solving problems and making observations. For example, analytical chemists often use protocols (thoroughly tested recipes) for determining the concentrations of substances in a sample. Chemists use well-defined techniques like spectroscopy and chromatography to study new or unknown substances. 3.Chemistry is the study of the composition and properties of matter. Chemistry answers questions like, "What kind of stuff is this sample made of? What does the sample look like on a molecular scale? How does the structure of the material determine its properties? How do the properties of the material change when I increase temperature, or pressure, or some other environmental variable.

4.Chemistry is the study of the reactivity of substances. One material can be changed into another by a chemical reaction. A complex substance can by made from simpler ones. Chemical compounds can break down into simpler substances. Fuels burn, food cooks, leaves turn in the fall, cells grow, medicines cure. Chemistry is concerned with the essential processes that make these changes happen. 5.Chemistry is the study of organic and inorganic substances. Organic substances contain hydrogen combined with carbon; inorganic substances don't. It was once believed that organic compounds were exclusively produced by living things, but today chemists can synthesize many organic materials from inorganic ones. Carbon can link with itself and other atoms in many diverse ways, and its chemistry is far more complex than that of other elements. So while the organic/inorganic distinction is artificial, it's still useful.

6.Chemistry is the study of connections between the everyday world and the molecular world. Chemists use atoms and molecules to explain properties and behaviours of matter. For example, you can find molecular explanations for flavour and colour changes elsewhere on this site.

. BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY The five main Branches of Chemistry

1.General chemistry - the branch of chemistry which deal with the general introductory part of chemistry such as fundamental law of chemistry periodic table it examines the structure of matter and the reaction between matter and energy. It is the basis for the other branches of chemistry.

2.Physical Chemistry - the branch of chemistry that applies physics to the study of chemistry. Commonly this includes the applications of thermodynamics and quantum mechanics to chemistry. 3.Inorganic Chemistry - the study of compounds not-covered by organic chemistry; the study of inorganic compounds or compounds which do not contain a C-H bond. Many inorganic compounds are those which contain metals. 4.Organic Chemistry - the study of carbon and its compounds; the study of the chemistry of life. 5.Analytical Chemistry - the study of the chemistry of matter and the development of tools used to measure properties of matter. the others special branches of chemistry, with an overview of what each branch of chemistry studies.

Biochemistry - Biochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical reactions that occur inside living organisms. Medicinal Chemistry - Medicinal chemistry is chemistry as it applies to pharmacology and medicine.

Environmental Chemistry - Environmental chemistry is the chemistry associated with soil, air, and water and of human impact on natural systems.

Food Chemistry - Food chemistry is the branch of chemistry associated with the chemical processes of all aspects of food. Many aspects of food chemistry rely on biochemistry, but it incorporates other disciplines as well.

Thermochemistry - Thermochemistry may be considered a type of Physical Chemistry. Thermochemistry involves the study of thermal effects of chemical reactions and the thermal energy exchange between processes.

Spectroscopy - Spectroscopy examines the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiation as a function of wavelength. Spectroscopy commonly is used to detect and identify chemicals based on their spectroscopic signatures.

Polymer Chemistry - Polymer chemistry or macromolecular chemistry is the branch of chemistry the examines the structure and properties of macromolecules and polymers and finds new ways to synthesize these molecules.

Green Chemistry - Green chemistry is concerned with processes and products that eliminate or reduce the use or release of hazardous substances. Remediation may be considered part of green chemistry.

Electrochemistry - Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that involves the study of chemical reactions in a solution at the interface between an ionic conductor and an electrical conductor. Electrochemistry may be considered to be the study of electron transfer, particularly within an electrolytic solution

Nuclear Chemistry - Nuclear chemistry is the branch of chemistry associated with nuclear reactions and isotopes.

Geochemistry - Geochemistry is the study of chemical composition and chemical processes associated with the Earth and other planets.

Nanochemistry - Nanochemistry is concerned with the assembly and properties of nanoscale assemblies of atoms or molecules.

Photochemistry - Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with interactions between light and matter.

Astrochemistry - Astrochemistry is the study of the composition and reactions of the chemical elements and molecules found in the stars and in space and of the interactions between this matter and radiation.

Agrochemistry - This branch of chemistry may also be called agricultural chemistry. It deals with the application of chemistry for agricultural production, food processing, and environmental remediation as a result of agriculture. Solid State Chemistry - Solid state chemistry is the branch of chemistry that is focused on the structure, properties, and chemical processes that occur in the solid phase. Much of solid state chemistry deals with the synthesis and characterization of new solid state materials.

Cluster Chemistry - This branch of chemistry involves the study of clusters of bound atoms, intermediate in size between single molecules and bulk solids

Combinatorial Chemistry - Combinatorial chemistry involves computer simulation of molecules and reactions between molecules.

Kinetics - Kinetics examines the rate at which chemical reactions occur and the factors that affect the rate of chemical processes. Theoretical Chemistry - Theoretical chemistry applies chemistry and physics calculations to explain.

Chemical Engineering - Chemical engineering involves the practical application of chemistry to solve problems.

Chemistry History - Chemistry history is the branch of chemistry and history that traces the evolution over time of chemistry as a science. To some extent, alchemy is included as a topic of chemistry history. writen by- Mr. Niranjay dwivedi (Faculty of chemistry)