User:Princyrapheal23/sandbox

Is English viewed as a Language or a Skill?
English is considered has a ‘link language’ wherein the objective of English language is not to speak the language with grammatical accuracy rather the ability to produce socially appropriate spontaneity for that matter, English Language Teaching must be based on the syllabus of social functions rather on the grammatical structures. ‘A good language learning depends on at least three variables; aptitude, motivation and opportunity’ (Rubin, 1979). Here, Opportunities includes materials available in and outside of the classroom. And the instructional materials are of various kinds; textbooks, audio-visual aids, audio cassettes, hand outs, charts, models and other teaching aids. Here, the teacher acts as a tool who help the students to ‘learn how to learn’, to engage them in activities, help them understand the concept rather than the context and moreover to help the students to investigate, analyse, interpret, understand and then apply in their life. For a student to learn a language fluently, he/she must be exposed to ‘variety of language in action’ (especially when he/she tries to apply the language in different social situations). Both the teacher and the learner must be active participants, wherein it gives an opportunity for the learner to use the language appropriately and boosts his confidence, self assurance and competence to speak ‘English’ effectively according to the need of current situation. The purpose of education is not to instruct but to stimulate thinking among students. The real potentiality lies in the ability of the students to formulate new ideas from the language they learn. Here, the main objectives of ELT lie in equipping the students with communicative skills, help them to develop cognitive and affective skills, promote the skill of reading efficiently and imaginatively, enrich the active and passive vocabulary of the learner.

Use of ICT in English Classroom
ICT is most effective in teaching and learning English, as the teachers have the privilege to use audio visual aids, interactive exercises to develop interests among learners, encourage reluctant learners to explore media as its both engaging and interesting. By this, the students become independent learners by themselves.

Role of English Teachers in developing Communication Skills
English class can turn interactive by enabling the class to work on one’s own capabilities and interests providing those necessary instructional simulations and games that enables students to have hands on experience to enrich their skill. Moreover, Language class prepares the learners to meet communicative challenges in their lives as a result of which, teachers should strive to enable students to excel in communication skills.

Role of Language Laboratory in English Teaching
Language Laboratory is considered to be a ‘Central component of teaching’ as it aids to the second language teaching with improved audio- lingual aids. Language Laboratory in English Teaching helps students in improving the communication skills of students and moreover provides a ‘Blended Learning’ which according to Sharma explains (englishjournal.mgit.ac.in 1.1 (1997): 6) the combination of best teacher & best technology enables positive learning. For example, the teacher can show educational films based on literary classics, available in CD’S, and on YouTube to students through either computers or laptops, to bring realism into teaching English in classroom. Some of the most effective resources in Information in Communicative Technology include, Audio books: Baskin and Harris (1995:372) explain that, “The first literature heard, not read”. Audio books are useful for the second language learners, as audio books help them to read, re-read and understand a particular word or a sentence. Audio books develop four language system; phonological, semantic, syntactic and pragmatic. Audio books assist the learner with proper pronunciation, accent and style of a word. One of the best examples is ‘Linguaphone’. Webinar: Webinar is an online source of reading and learning a language especially through World Wide Web. Wherein, a seminar, workshop or conference takes place in ‘live’ and the learner retrieves it through video conferencing, chatting, messaging or asking reliable questions through microphone. Example: Most of the foreign languages and grammar are learnt in this method. Interactive White Board: Gareth Davis says that, “Interactive White Board brings everything together at one placemat one time with the use of authentic materials.” Interactive White Board makes teaching and learning interesting as it is a compilation of images, videos, audios, interviews from various websites. Interactive White Board and ‘Active Inspire’ help the learners to have more engagement with technology and moreover make learning lively and interactive.

Innovations in ICT
Audio Visual education or multimedia- based education helps in getting the particular attention of the learner through audio and video presentation with the major goal of improving comprehension and retention of the learners. Equipments used for Audio Visual Presentations:
 * Dioramas
 * Magic lanterns
 * Film, Slide, & Overhead Projectors
 * Interactive Whiteboards
 * Digital video clips

THE LEARNING ENGLISH VIDEO PROJECT
The Learning English Video Project is a free distribution of a seven part film series that documents English Language learning and teaching styles across the world. The series was made by the UK filmmaker Daniel Emmerson and the first film (Stories from Morocco) was released in 21 April 2009. The main threefold aim of the project was; 1) To learn and teach English language across the world 2) To encourage & motivate learners to speak in English 3) Enable listening comprehension exercise by transcripts, vocabulary, self- study exercise and classroom activities.

BBC LEARNING ENGLISH
BBC Learning English is a department of the BBC World Service devoted to English Language teaching. The British Broadcast Council BBC provides learning materials both for teachers and learners, exclusively online. The programmes are designed for learners in beginners, intermediate and advanced stage and for also adult learners. There were number of series for teaching language comprehension with the help of song lyrics, E.g. Pop Words.

ADVENTUREBOX
AdventureBox is Bayard Presse’s second English magazine in the series after StoryBox. It enables the children in Independent reading of the text. This book is exclusively designed for children of 6- 9 years. The book usually consists of one chapter divided into small units for the children to increase their reading stamina. AdventureBox includes games, comic strips and activities, a series of Story Box where the level of English proficiency of the learners will increase with the 3 magazines. E.g. In September 2009, Adventure Box released a tale of Ariol.

ENGLISH CLUB TV
English Club TV was the source for many people to learn English. The channel comprises various programmes as in, documentaries, feature films, cartoons, music videos that enabled the viewers to learn English. The hosts of all the programmes were native speakers. The channel’s programme policy is mainly based on the communicative method of language learning. History: In August 2008, Ukranian TV Channel English Club TV started broadcasting from the Sirius 4 satellite where at the beginning of the year 2011, the reach out to the audience rised about 10 million. Programmes: English 911, Say It Right +, Funny Quiz, Mojo Morning, Flash Facts, Light Box, Fairy Tales, Tall Tales, Word Express, Encyclopedia

Future of English with ICT
There’s no doubt that English will inadvertently be a global language as many people speak English and facilitate the cultural and economic dominance of native speaking countries (E.g, US & UK). Such a view is been challenged as the growing assertiveness of countries adopting Engliah as their second language (for example) In India, English has been considered to be a second language in most of the states where they try to excel in expressing their own ideas, thoughts, values and identities and create their own intellectual prosperity. (Graddol, English: History, Diversity and Change 3). By this statement, Crystal observes(138-9): The future of English will be more complex, more demanding of understanding and more challenging for native speakers and second language users of English. There has never been a language so widely spread or spoken by so many people as English. There are therefore no precedents to help us to see what happens to a language when it achieves genuine world status. Therefore, some of the further research and implementation to be brought with ICT in Classrooms are, a revision in syllabus, enabling the use of ICT in Refresher Courses, Teacher Training Programs, Teachers to be facilitators of CALL(Computer Assisted Language Learning). Teachers should embrace technology for fulfilling their professional aspirations and that technology must be used expediously. Henceforth, Educational technology is viable in today’s classroom to meet the higher needs and the expectations of a techno savvy generation in classrooms.