User:ProfGray/312/Key terms

Weeks 1-2

 * (924 BCE)
 * 722 BCE
 * 587 BCE
 * 538 BCE
 * Adam and Eve
 * Anno Mundi
 * Apocrypha
 * Assyria
 * Babylon / Babylonia
 * BCE and CE (cp. BC and AD)
 * Canaan
 * canon, canonization
 * Cyrus cylinder
 * Dead Sea
 * Divine council
 * Egypt
 * Enuma Elish
 * Ezra and Nehemiah
 * Fertile Crescent
 * genealogy


 * (Gilgamesh)
 * Hebrew Bible vs. Old Testament
 * Hebrew (‘ivri) vs. Israelite vs. Jew
 * Israel
 * Israel, Kingdom of
 * Judah, Kingdom of
 * Mesopotamia
 * methods of Biblical critical analysis. Textual criticism. Redaction criticism.
 * Persia
 * Prophets
 * Qumran
 * redaction
 * sabbath
 * Septuagint
 * (Shishak)
 * Tanakh: Torah, Nevi’im, Ketuvim  = Five Books of Moses, Prophets, Writings


 * Locations, such as modern Egypt, Israel, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Jerusalem
 * Timelines:
 * Biblical chronology. When does the narrative take place within the Bible?
 * composition timeline. When was the narrative composed, according to scholars?
 * historical chronology. When does the event take place, if ever, according to historians and archaeologists?

Coogan ch.4

 * anthropomorphism
 * circumcision
 * cosmology (and cosmogony)
 * covenant
 * Documentary Hypothesis
 * doublet
 * etiology
 * JEDP (see also Documentary Hypothesis)
 * names of God, incl. Tetragrammaton, Elohim, Yahweh
 * Pentateuch
 * Source and form criticism

Coogan ch.5 (pp.59, 61, 62, Box 5.5 Map)

 * genealogy
 * J source, including human relationship to the soil (examples)
 * J source, boundary between humans and divine is vulnerable and protected by God
 * Table of nations -- three groupings from 3 sons of Noah. Awareness of kinship and "cultural interconnectedness"
 * A map because the descendants are place names


 * Tower of Babel

Coogan ch.6 (pp. 73-79, 89-92)

 * Biblical names: Abraham, Lot, Sarah, Ishmael, Isaac, Rebekah, Esau, Jacob/Israel, Leah, Rachel, 12 children of Israel
 * Places: Shechem, (Penuel), Moriah --> Temple Mount
 * archaeological image of excavating the levels of the text through form, source, and redaction criticism (74)


 * J source in Genesis
 * promise of land, descendants, and blessing = covenant
 * attitude to other nations, such as Moab
 * social history of "seminomadic pastoralists" (75), hence water/wells & hospitality


 * E source: importance of Shechem and Northern Kingdom
 * etiology p.77, example: Moriah (Gen. 22) --> Temple Mount
 * P source in Genesis: covenant of circumcision (Gen. 17)


 * historicity vs. legends
 * anachronism, example: Ur of Chaldeans as birthplace of Abraham
 * no historical corroboration of any Genesis characters, including kings
 * Mesopotamian cultures, e.g., Nuzi (example of divination teraphim) and Mari (Jacob as May god protect)


 * deity names: Yahweh and Elohim, El Shadday (Exodus 6.2-3), El -- Israelite and Canaanite term
 * pantheon, creator god, shift in names (p.91)
 * monotheism? (vs. monolatry, henotheism)


 * endogamy vs exogamy (p.87)

Coogan ch.7

 * Aaron
 * Amalek
 * Amarna letters (14th C)
 * Baal
 * Burning bush
 * Exodus
 * God's mountain, different names and why
 * God's names, different and why
 * Horeb
 * Hyksos (106)
 * Merneptah stele (with its date)
 * Midian
 * Moses
 * Moses' father(s)-in-law
 * parsimonious explanation, Occam's razor
 * Passover, different religious formations and why
 * Sinai
 * theophany

Coogan ch.8-9, ch.12-13 selections, and covenant

 * Abrahamic covenant (i.e., covenant with Abraham)
 * amphictyony (p.62 Mendenhall)
 * Ark of the Covenant (p.135) unifying symbol (228)
 * casuistic vs. apodictic law
 * conditional and unconditional grant
 * covenant, cut a covenant (brit)
 * Code of Hammurapi (p.128, 131)
 * Covenant Code (130ff.)
 * David (King of Israel)
 * Davidic covenant
 * Decalogue
 * Deuteronomist (D source) vs. Deuteronomic historian (DTR)
 * grant (see: royal grant)
 * Hiram
 * Hittite
 * Joshua
 * Josiah
 * manna
 * Mari
 * Mendenhall, George
 * Nuzi
 * parity treaty
 * pilgrimage festivals (Passover, F of Weeks, F of Booths) (p.143)
 * primogeniture
 * promissory (type of covenant, see Weinfeld)
 * Ritual Decalogue
 * Royal grant
 * Solomon (King of Israel, son of David and Bathsheba)
 * suzerainty
 * Tabernacle (p.136)
 * vassal

Coogan 13-15; Trible article

 * archaeological evidence of the conquest of Canaan (207f.)
 * charismatic leadership (p.217, based on Weber)
 * concubine
 * Coogan's argument on Israelites as composite (227-8)
 * Deuteronomistic History (196-198)
 * apostasy --> exile
 * Josiah, Hezekiah
 * "the place that the Lord Your God will choose" aka Jerusalem


 * Gibeah
 * herem = ban (p.210)
 * hermeneutics
 * intertextual / intertextuality
 * Jephthah and his daughter
 * Joshua vs. Judges (comparison)
 * source criticism of Judges (JBS 496)
 * "judge" in the Book of Judges
 * levirate marriage (p.231, e.g., Ruth)
 * Moabites (220; Ruth)
 * Philistines and the "Sea Peoples" (224, 225; see also 243-4)
 * Ruth, Book of. (230-231)
 * Sanctuary and surgery at Gilgal
 * 1 Samuel
 * inconsistencies (236)
 * sources: birth of Samuel, song of Hannah, Ark narrative, Saul's rise, David's rise
 * Trible, Phyllis

Ch.16 (252-253)
1 Samuel = Samuel, Saul to David

2 Samuel = David Solomon, Bathsheba
 * DTR (exilic, 6th C) and independent units
 * "Succession Narrative" or "Court history of David"

Other sons: Absalom, Adonijah, Amnon (raped Tamar)

'''Ch. 17 280-288'''

United Monarchy

1 Kings = Solomon and then the divided kingdom "Royal ideology" of the Davidic monarchy --> God, King, Zion Priesthood Deuteronomistic view '''Ch. 18, 290-293'''
 * Legends, such as Solomonic judgment story and Queen of Sheba
 * The Temple in Jerusalem
 * Canaanite / Phoenician design (see p.283)
 * Davidic covenant… put in unconditional terms (281)
 * King chosen by God; rhetoric of God's son
 * shift from Sinai to Zion (282)
 * Zion = Jerusalem
 * Centralization = cultic and political
 * Comparison. Hammurapi, Kirta (Ugaritic)
 * NOT: not about ancestors, Moses, Exodus, Sinai, or ark (286 re: Psalm 89)
 * Zadok (only post facto from Aaron) 285
 * Ambivalent about Royal Ideology
 * Weak on exclusive loyalty to YHWH
 * Strong on centralization

Divided Kingdoms

Presumed sources for DTR = Royal annals and prophetic legends (290) Nonbiblical sources '''Ch. 19'''. Northern Kingdom // FYI.
 * Jeroboam in Northern Kingdom
 * Late 10th century (such as 924 BCE with Pharaoh Shishak)
 * Assyrian records (mentions Ahab, Jehu, Jehoash)
 * Moabite --> Mesha stele (mentioned in Bible)
 * See timeline on p.293
 * Amos and Hosea (of the "Twelve Minor Prophets")
 * Covenant lawsuit (Amos)
 * Oracle against the nations (Amos, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, etc)
 * Samaria
 * Shalmaneser V conquers Northern Kingdom

Ch. 20, 329-333
Assyria. Hezekiah (2 Kings 18) Isaiah => 3 parts or sources, First, Deutero, Trito (332) (e.g., assumes prophecy is not feasible)
 * (Passive recognition: Tiglath-pileser, Shalmaneser, Sargon -- make Judah a vassal)
 * Sennacherib (705-681 BCE), invades at time of Hezekiah
 * Rebellion, religious revival, submission
 * Hypothesis: first version of Deuteronomistic History (DTR)

Ch.21 includes Josiah (640-609 BCE reign) Ch. 22, 360-365
 * Religious reform (2 Kings 22) with a "book of the law" found
 * Big applause by DTR
 * Maybe Deuteronomy? But finding an ancient text is common motif. (354)
 * Zedekiah asserts independence, Babylonia attacks, Nebuchadrezzar takes Jerusalem, 586 BCE
 * "Babylonian Chronicles" + excavations = non-biblical corroboration (quote p.362)

Ch. 24, 400-406
Priestly source (P) -- exile
 * Context: A few kings after Nebuchadrezzar, Babylon defeated by Persia in 539 BCE
 * Sources: Babylonian records, Persian records, Greek historians, Bible
 * King Cyrus
 * Ezra
 * Zerubbabel, Davidic line, part of the "early restoration"
 * Cyrus cylinder (p.403)
 * Ezra brings "book of the law of Moses (Nehemiah 8:1, Ezra 7.6)