User:Psych480/sandbox

One problem with this article is that is does not have a Table of Contents. A few references I found were my current personality psychology textbook which provides a basic understanding and it's uses in personality psychology and an article critiquing the Inkblot test, noting its reasons why it's been found to be a flawed means of measuring personality. Buss, D. Larsen, R. (2010). Personality Psychology: Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Lilienfeld, S. Wood, J. (1999). The Rorschach Inkblot Test: A Case of Overstatement? Sage Journals I realize I'm missing the issue and volume of the journal but I have left campus and it no longer allows me to view it without campus wifi. Will it be considered bias to present negative criticisms about the inkblot test even though they aren't really used in practice? Isabellagoehring (talk) 04:11, 21 February 2018 (UTC)

'''It's not bias to note criticisms. However, to be balanced you should also note advantages of ink blot tests.''' J.R. Council (talk) 22:19, 5 March 2018 (UTC)

Assignment 4
List one problem or issue with the article: the main problem I have found with the article is that it only mentions the Rorschach test as the begining but ambiguous stimuli tests had been used before that could be touched upon for further historical analysis.

Cite two references that do not already appear in the article's reference list that contain information relevant to this article. These must be legitimate publications - published books or journal articles. Web pages (including other Wikipedia articles) do not count. (Use this as an opportunity to practice citations and generate a reference list!)

Dörken, H. (1950). The Ink Blot Test as a brief projective technique: a preliminary report. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 20(4), 828-833. Leichtman, M. (2009). Concepts of development and the Rorschach: The contributions of Paul Lerner and John Exner in historical context. Journal of personality assessment, 91(1), 24-29. Payne, B. K., Cheng, C. M., Govorun, O., & Stewart, B. D. (2005). An inkblot for attitudes: affect misattribution as implicit measurement. Journal of personality and social psychology, 89(3), 277.

List two questions or comments for me regarding the article: 1. Are there any journals that are specifically about these ambiguous stimuli tests?

I think I've heard of a journal of projective techniques. J.R. Council (talk) 22:19, 5 March 2018 (UTC) 2. Do you know of any tests that we did not list that may be beneficial to our research? Psych480 (talk) 04:08, 21 February 2018 (UTC)

I can't think of any off the top of my head, but I'm sure there are. J.R. Council (talk) 22:19, 5 March 2018 (UTC)

One problem I find with this article is that it seems to just sweep it all into one test and that's it. There are other tests by other psychologists as Dom said but also it only give a two sentence history and I think that could be elaborated. I think it could also include the criticisms as Isabella said. I think that would make this article more rounded. Two Sources: Howard, J. W. (1953). THE HOWARD INK BLOT TEST. Journal Of Clinical Psychology, 9(3), 209-254. - This could be useful when discussing other ink blot tests besides Rorschach. HUBBARD, K., & HEGARTY, P. (2016). BLOTS AND ALL: A HISTORY OF THE RORSCHACH INK BLOT TEST IN BRITAIN. Journal Of The History Of The Behavioral Sciences, 52(2), 146-166. doi:10.1002/jhbs.21776 - This compares US history of the ink blots to Britain which could be interesting and maybe useful. Two Questions: 1. Could we do a compare and contrast section with the different ink blot tests ( if we find more than 2 )

'''Yes. That's a good idea!'''J.R. Council (talk) 22:19, 5 March 2018 (UTC)

and 2. Are ink blots only used for personality tests, or is there another aspect of psychology it's used for that we should mention? Alenaj8 (talk) 05:36, 21 February 2018 (UTC)

'''Good question. You should look out for other uses as well. Maybe in perception research?'''J.R. Council (talk) 22:19, 5 March 2018 (UTC)

Group 1 please note: Go to "Rorschach test" Wikipedia article, section on History for some good leads on ink blot and projective tests that preceeded Roschach test.J.R. Council (talk) 22:33, 5 March 2018 (UTC)

Outline
I was thinking the outline could go along the lines of...

Lead paragraph

History of the Ink Blot Test

Description of ambiguous stimuli tests that come before it    Description of different ink blot tests other than the Rorschach Test comparing and contrasting all tests

Main purpose & uses

Advantages (of using ink blots as a whole)

Disadvantages (of using ink blots as a whole)

Conclusion(?)

References

Feel free to add any sections I may have missed! Isabellagoehring (talk) 02:42, 20 March 2018 (UTC)

I added a few things, I'm not sure if they work but I think they do in terms of more descriptions and such. Also do we need a conclusion? I put it there just in case. Alenaj8 (talk) 22:56, 27 March 2018 (UTC)

I also think we could add in a compare and contrast portion for all the tests we find... maybe a subsection in history of the ink blot test? I think it could be interesting because it could show what tests were created for what, in what time, and who created it. That way if there's different aspects of psychology these tests were used for we can mention it. Ex. ( personality, perceptions) We could also do one advantage and one disadvantage for each test we find instead of focusing on one specific test (unless they all turn out to be the same). Also I was wondering if the Lead paragraph would be the same as an introduction? So just like a general overview of ink blot test and what they are? Alenaj8 (talk) 15:10, 20 March 2018 (UTC)

I like the ideas you presented Isabella, but the only caveat I could see is if there are different "classes" or ideas from different nations on how it started in their side of the world. Otherwise I think that the outline looks great! Psych480 (talk) 18:46, 23 March 2018 (UTC)
 * ''This is a good start to the outline, but it is missing content. You need to get on the stick with finding references for filling in details. Also, it will be very helpful if someone edits this outline, putting it in order in proper outline form.// J.R. Council (talk) 17:17, 26 March 2018 (UTC)

To Do List
I think now it would be helpful to research up on the Ink Blot Test. We can break this up into sections, such as, historical data, its main purpose and uses, and advantages and disadvantages of using the test. I'm interested in the advantages and disadvantages of using this test so I will focus on researching and typing up some paragraphs for that section. I am planning on capitalizing blot and test as part of the title. This article also needs a table of contents. Isabellagoehring (talk) 23:36, 19 March 2018 (UTC)

I'm really interested in finding different types of ink blot tests and their different purposes so I will research that. I found an article for UK ink blots vs. American ink blots earlier so I feel like that will be a good start. I'm also interested in comparing each test to another so I can focus on that as well. I'm going to add a list and then people can add their names to what parts they want to do. I already have Isabella on the research part for advantages and disadvantages, and myself on the compare and contrast part w/ other ink blot tests. Feel free to add to the list and add your name by whatever you want to be responsible for or help out with. Also feel free to add or delete things as this is just a rough list! I will work on the format and do the historical research focusing on how it started and came to bePsych480 (talk) 18:47, 23 March 2018 (UTC)

To Do: - Isabella; Advantages and Disadvantages of Ink Blot tests - Alena; Compare and contrasting the different ink blot tests & purpose of each - Dom; Historical Research
 * Research of Ink blot Tests; History, Main purpose/Uses, Advantages/Disadvantages (we should all be doing some sort of research probably)

- Dom; designing appealing table of contents and format for the topic.
 * Table of contents
 * The ToC will generate automatically from the section headings. What Dom should do is use help materials from Wiki Ed or my Bb page to understand proper headings for different sections and how to format them in Wikipedia. J.R. Council (talk) 17:34, 26 March 2018 (UTC)

- Fred; finding the overall creation, history , and purpose of the ink blot test , Introducing the overall topic of ink blot.
 * Lead paragraph/Introduction

- Alena; finding multiple ink blot tests that have been used and who created them - comparing and contrasting those tests & brief say of what they were used for
 * History of the Ink Blot Test


 * (subsection of ambiguous stimuli tests that come before official ink blot tests)

- Alena; uses for ink blot tests. (personality psych, perception research etc.)
 * Main purpose & uses

- Isabella
 * Advantages

- Isabella
 * Disadvantages

Alenaj8 (talk) 15:22, 20 March 2018 (UTC)
 * References ( everyone should be adding their references as we go along and at the end we can put them in alphabetical order)

Lead Section: Isabella
An ink blot test, or Rorschach test, is a personality test developed by Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach in 1921. It consists of a series of ambiguous ink blot pictures. A participant is asked what they see or to describe the picture. A psychologist then uses the process of psychoanalysis to interpret the responses that are said to reveal unconscious motives or factors of the participant’s personality.

The ink blot test gained popularity during the 1940s and 1950s and even became the most popular projective personality test in the 1960s (Chapman, 1982). Variations of the ink blot test have since been developed such as the Holtzman Inkblot Test and the Somatic Inkblot Series.[2]

Although the ink blot test was once the most popular form of test-data for psychologists, its use is no longer as common. Many critics have found the inkblot test to be too subjunctive considering it relies on interpretation and analysis rather than a quantitative method for producing its results. Isabellagoehring (talk) 17:32, 27 March 2018 (UTC)
 * There's already a well-developed article on the Rorschach test. This should be a more general article.
 * The Exner scoring system is very quantitative. J.R. Council (talk) 04:36, 4 April 2018 (UTC)
 * I think that the second paragraph you wrote could be useful!Psych480 (talk) 14:58, 4 April 2018 (UTC)

Lead Section: Alena
An Ink blot test is a psychological test used for analyzing test subjects personalities through psychoanalytic measures. Interpreting ambiguous designs is an idea that goes all the way back to Leonardo Da Vinci. In 1857 there was even a game called ‘Blotto' that encouraged participants to make associations with Ink Blots (Hubbard and Hegarty, 146). Herman Rorschach created the first systematic Ink Blot test of it's [not it's, its] kind in the early 1920s to interpret personality characteristics of the subjects taking the test.

Although the Rorschach test was widely popular, this died down due to controversy over if the test yields valid measurements. Herman Rorschach never intended this test to be a sole assessment of personality however, some psychologists may have tried to use it as such. Many people thought the measurements of the responses were too subjective and psychologists came up with a better empirical way of measuring responses after Rorschach's death. The Holtzman Ink Blot test used this new way of measurement and another test called the Howard Ink Blot test tried to use Ink Blots for group measurements rather than individual measurements. While these tests were seen to have improved validity of Ink Blot tests, psychologists today are still skeptical and don't use Ink Blots as a measurement technique anymore. Alenaj8 (talk) 00:36, 28 March 2018 (UTC)
 * This lead should form the basis of the group lead. It speaks more generally about ink blot tests and takes a historical perspective. J.R. Council (talk) 04:40, 4 April 2018 (UTC)
 * I found the same content on Blotto, I think we should definitely add that as well as the Holtzman!Psych480 (talk) 14:59, 4 April 2018 (UTC)

Lead Section: Dom
The Ink Blot test is an example of a projective hypothesis test family. These tests project inner thoughts, feelings and personality traits through ambiguous stimuli. Ink blot tests were even used as games in the 19th century such as "Blotto" (Hubbard & Hegarty, 2017-other source in paper). These projective tests. There are many of these projective tests developed to be used in clinical, organizational, and human resource departments (Lilienfield, Wood, and Garb, 2000). These projective tests are often organized in a taxonomy using these categories: Association, Construction, Completion, Arrangement, and Expression (Lilienfield, Wood, and Garb, 2000). The most commonly known ink blot test is the Rorshach Ink Blot Test that was developed by Hermann Rorschach in 1921 (Lilienfield, Wood, and Garb, 2000). The Rorshach Ink Blot has even been popular in pop culture (Hubbard and Hegarty, 2017). However, there is a long history of ink blots being used throughout history. Some examples of ink blots include:
 * Rorschach Ink Blot
 * Howard Ink Blot Test (Howard, 1953).
 * Holtzman Ink Blot (Swartz & Holtzman,1963).
 * Rorschach II Ink Blot
 * Masculinity and Feminity M-F Ink Blot by Mary A. Bell? (Terman,2013)
 * B.F. Skinners Auditory Ink Blot (Rutherford, 2003)
 * This also takes a more general approach. It should also be incorporated into the group lead for Assn. 7.J.R. Council (talk) 04:43, 4 April 2018 (UTC)

Lead Section: Fred
The ink blot test is a psychological test also known as the Rorschach test. These ink blot test are a personality test created by Herman Rorschach to reduce the time needed to give psychiatric treatment. The Ink Blot test allowed perceptions of its patients to be analyzed using psychological interpretation. Many psychologist used these test to evaluate patients personality characteristics ,and emotional functioning. The ink blot test is supposed to detect underlying mind disorders. After Rorschach death another measurement was used in the personality testing, Holtzman ink blot test which had over 45 cards used, it was used to avoid statistical error. I used (Weiner, I. and Greene, R. (n.d.). Handbook of personality assessment.) and (Wood, J. (2003). What's wrong with the Rorschach. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass.) for information Waveyfredo (talk)Waveyfredo
 * This more general article should definitely mention the Holtzman test. J.R. Council (talk) 04:51, 4 April 2018 (UTC)
 * I liked the content but I thought it was too specific to RorschachPsych480 (talk) 15:00, 4 April 2018 (UTC)

Hubbard, K., & Hegarty, P. (2017). Rorschach tests and Rorschach vigilantes: Queering the history of psychology in Watchmen. History of the Human Sciences, 30(4), 75-99.

Lilienfeld, S. O., Wood, J. M., & Garb, H. N. (2000). The scientific status of projective techniques. Psychological science in the public interest, 1(2), 27-66.

Swartz, J. D., & Holtzman, W. H. (1963). Group method of administration for the Holtzman Inkblot Technique. Journal of clinical psychology, 19(4), 433-441.

Howard, J. W. (1953). The Howard ink blot test. A descriptive manual. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 9(3), 209-254.

Terman, L. M. (2013). Sex and personality studies in masculinity and femininity. Read Books Ltd.

Rutherford, A. (2003). BF Skinner and the auditory inkblot: The rise and fall of the verbal summator as a projective technique. History of Psychology, 6(4), 362.

I can't see where you've left any feedback on each others' leads on the talk page or anywhere else!
J.R. Council (talk) 16:05, 4 April 2018 (UTC)

Group Lead Section
The Ink Blot test is an example of a projective hypothesis test family. These tests project inner thoughts, feelings and personality traits through ambiguous stimuli. Ink blot tests were even used as games in the 19th century such as "Blotto" (Hubbard & Hegarty, 2017-other source in paper). There are many of these tests developed to be used in clinical, organizational, and human resource departments (Lilienfield, Wood, and Garb, 2000). These projective tests are often organized in a taxonomy using these categories: Association, Construction, Completion, Arrangement, and Expression (Lilienfield, Wood, and Garb, 2000). Interpreting ambiguous designs is an idea that goes all the way back to Leonardo Da Vinci (Hubbard and Hegarty, 146).

Herman Rorschach created the first systematic Ink Blot test of its kind in the early 1920s to interpret personality characteristics of the subjects taking the test. His test became widely popular but also had it's critics. After Rorschach's death, multiple other Ink Blot tests were formed. Some of these new tests include: The Howard Ink Blot Test, The Holtzman Ink Blot Test, Rorschach II Ink Blot Test and more.

( ''Although the Rorschach test was widely popular, this died down due to controversy over if the test yields valid measurements. Herman Rorschach never intended this test to be a sole assessment of personality however, some psychologists may have tried to use it as such. Many people thought the measurements of the responses were too subjective and psychologists came up with a better empirical way of measuring responses after Rorschach's death. The Holtzman Ink Blot test used this new way of measurement, while another test called the Howard Ink Blot test, tried to use Ink Blots for group measurements rather than individual measurements. While these tests were seen to have improved validity of Ink Blot tests, psychologists today are still skeptical. While test Rorschach created is the most well-known test to psychologists, there is a long history of ink blots being used throughout history. There have also been variations of the ink blot test have since been developed after Rorschach, such as the Holtzman Inkblot Test and the Somatic Inkblot Series.[2]''  Will be moved )

Some examples of ink blots include:


 * Rorschach Ink Blot
 * Howard Ink Blot Test (Howard, 1953).
 * Holtzman Ink Blot (Swartz & Holtzman,1963).
 * Rorschach II Ink Blot
 * Masculinity and Feminity M-F Ink Blot by Mary A. Bell? (Terman,2013)
 * B.F. Skinners Auditory Ink Blot (Rutherford, 2003)

- I added a few things and deleted some that seemed repetitive, feel free to change anything else that you think will make it better. (also not sure who started this group lead you forgot to sign your name, so I'm sorry if I took something out you wanted in there, feel free to add it back in.) Alenaj8 (talk) 17:25, 7 April 2018 (UTC)

Dr. Council's comments on group lead
''This is good, but way too long for a lead. Some of this needs to be moved to the main text of the article. As I commented above, there's already a well-developed article on the Rorschach test, so you should link to it. Specific suggestions:
 * Mover the italicized text to the main body of the article. After stating that Rorschach developed the first ink blot test for personality assessment, just list its offshoots. You don't need a bulleted list in the lead.
 * Let me know when to look at it again. J.R. Council (talk) 21:40, 11 April 2018 (UTC)

Not ready yet. J.R. Council (talk) 21:41, 11 April 2018 (UTC)

Edited, is this better?Alenaj8 (talk) 02:57, 12 April 2018 (UTC)


 * '''Much better! You are cleared for takeoff to the main article. Just a couple of minor points, easy to fix.

J.R. Council (talk) 20:14, 12 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Make the title of the article in the first line bold.
 * Learn to format your references appropriatedly for Wikipedia.
 * Link things like names and tests to their main articles.

Comments on Assignment 8
Hmmm.... Can't see that you've done anything. Better get to work. J.R. Council (talk) 17:31, 20 April 2018 (UTC)

Ink blot test
The ink blot test is a general category of projective tests. In projective tests participants' interpretations of ambiguous stimuli are used to analyze inner thoughts, feelings, and personality traits. In the 19th century, ink blots were actually used for a game called "Blotto". There are also tests that were developed to be used in clinical, organizational, and human resource departments. These projective tests are often organized in a taxonomy using the categories: Association, Construction, Completion, Arrangement, and Expression.

Herman Rorschach created the first systematic ink blot test of its kind in the early 1920s that interpreted personality characteristics of subjects taking the test. His test was widely popular but also critiqued. After his death, multiple other Ink Blot tests were formed. Some of these new tests include: The Howard Ink Blot Test, Holtzman inkblot technique, and Rorschach II Ink Blot Test.Psych480 (talk) 18:17, 22 April 2018 (UTC) Alenaj8 (talk) 05:12, 23 April 2018 (UTC)


 * '''There are still some grammatical problems here. I could edit this for you, but it would be best for you to do it yourself. Read the lead over carefully! What doesn't sound right? (For starters, the first two sentences are clumsy. I would rewrite them like this:

The Ink Blot Test is a general category of projective tests. Projective tests use the testee's interpretations of ambiguous stimuli to analyze inner thoughts, feelings and personality traits. J.R. Council (talk) 20:14, 22 April 2018 (UTC) EditedPsych480 (talk) 05:34, 23 April 2018 (UTC)

I took out a few words, and added some for grammatical purposes.Changed a few things around , I think it looks great and had already looked great just made it better. I don't think we need the sentence about its popularity and critique if were keeping a critique sections Waveyfredo (talk)Waveyfredo

I think it just makes it flow better. It's just a small reference to something covered later on.Alenaj8 (talk) 17:48, 23 April 2018 (UTC) Fixed Ink Blot problemPsych480 (talk) 18:06, 27 April 2018 (UTC)

Fixed some citations and took out a few sentences. Reorganized a little. Alenaj8 (talk) 01:41, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

History
Ink blots inspired artists such as Leonardo Di Vinci and Victor Hugo in the 15th and 19th centuries. Alfred Binet also suggested using ink blots to assess visual imagination. Although the Rorschach test was widely used, its popularity died down because controversy over the validity of the test measurements. Herman Rorschach never intended for the ink blot to be a sole assessment of personality, however some psychologists may have tried to use it as such. Many people thought the measurement of responses were too subjective which led psychologists to come up with a better way of measuring responses after Rorschach's death. For example, Holtzman inkblot technique was seen as less controversial, because the developers took previous criticism into consideration and aimed to make their test better. Another variation of the Rorschach test is the Howard Ink Blot Test. This test was aimed at group measurements of personality rather than an individual measurement. While these tests were seen to have improved validity of ink blot tests, psychologists are still skeptical which lead to the fallout of these projective tests.

Alenaj8 (talk) 15:46, 22 April 2018 (UTC)


 * '''The content is good. However, clumsy wording and grammatical errors are still problems. Proofread carefully and make it flow. J.R. Council (talk) 20:16, 22 April 2018 (UTC)


 * The section I've put in italics is not directly relevant and should be deleted. Also, what about the other interesting historical material you had mentioned before? Like "Blotto" and Leonardo da Vinci? J.R. Council (talk) 20:25, 22 April 2018 (UTC)

Minor changes for gramatical purposes. Isabellagoehring (talk) 23:43, 22 April 2018 (UTC)

I took out a few things and added some content to make it flush out better. I took out the "Today" at the end to emphasize this is the History section. Waveyfredo (talk)Waveyfredo

Alenaj8 (talk) 16:59, 23 April 2018 (UTC) Fixed Ink Blot problemPsych480 (talk) 18:07, 27 April 2018 (UTC)

Fixed references, minor sentence changesAlenaj8 (talk) 02:09, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Added citation for DaVinci infoPsych480 (talk) 17:06, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Added wiki links for popular individuals and the testsPsych480 (talk) 17:09, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Procedure
The procedure for administration and measurement varies by each ink test, however, they are all based around how the participant responds to ambiguous stimuli. The Howard ink blot test for example, has participants responding to one card at a time with the ink blots on it. They are then told to tell the psychologist everything they see and what it might represent to them. Time of responses from start to finish is also measured with this test. For the Rorschach test, subjects are sitting side by side with the researcher and is presented with the 10 official ink blot cards one at a time. After they have all been presented once, and the participant has responded, the cards are presented again and the participant is told to rearrange the cards to match what they saw the first time. The researchers watching monitor every movement and everything the participant says aloud as well and records it. This is a lot different from the Howard test because the cards are re-presented to the participants. Tests like the Blacky pictures test and the Thematic apperception test involve making up narratives for the pictures presented to the participants. Based on these narratives, psychologists can assess personality and unconscious thoughts and motives. While all these projective tests have different procedures and types of measurement, they are all thought to measure one's personality, one's thoughts and one's emotions; including those that are from the unconscious mind of the participant.

Psych480 (talk) 16:48, 22 April 2018 (UTC)

Alenaj8 (talk) 17:44, 23 April 2018 (UTC)

Fixed citations. Alenaj8 (talk) 01:53, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Added wiki links and fixed grammar issuesPsych480 (talk) 17:09, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Grammar fixesPsych480 (talk) 17:37, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Applications
These tests were developed to be used in clinical, organizational, and human resource departments. Some psychologists might still use these tests today for personality assessments or assessments of unconscious motives or feelings. However, the American Psychological Association discourages use of official ink blot tests.

Psychologists who use projective tests, like the ink blot test, argue that they are useful at tapping into underlying thoughts and desires that not even the patient is aware that they are having. A projective test requires a highly trained psychologist to analyze the data and determine what it means, this would leave room for criticism. Projective tests, such as the Rorschach test have been criticized due to issues with inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability (repeatability), validity, biases, and issues with cultural sensitivity and norms.

One advantage of projective tests is that individuals taking the test are free to answer however they see fit. Since projective tests are subjective, participants don't have any constraints on how they answer. The subjectivity of these tests is why psychologists thought that it measured one's most inner thoughts and feelings and/or ones personality. The more unstructured stimuli, the more the participant reveals about themselves. This contrasts with objective tests where the answers are clearly put into categories and participants are very limited in how they can answer. While objective tests can still measure emotions, thoughts, and personality, the answers are already pre-set thereby limiting the answers of the participant. This in theory, would hinder the process of stating one's most inner thoughts & feelings. Another advantage is the ambiguity of the projective tests makes the purpose of the test unknown. This is an advantage because if participants know what they are being tested for, they are more likely to socially conform and mask their true answers.

Added the information from advantages and criticisms into this single section and took out extra junk within the textPsych480 (talk) 18:11, 27 April 2018 (UTC) If someone could help this flow I think that would be a good fix, thanksPsych480 (talk) 18:13, 27 April 2018 (UTC)

Psych480 (talk) 18:09, 22 April 2018 (UTC) added minor sentence Alenaj8 (talk) 16:27, 23 April 2018 (UTC) Edited based on Ian's feedbackPsych480 (talk) 18:04, 27 April 2018 (UTC) Formed a single applications section that incorporated both advantages and criticismsPsych480 (talk) 18:08, 27 April 2018 (UTC)

Fixed citations, changed a couple sentences to make it sound better Alenaj8 (talk) 01:48, 30 April 2018 (UTC) Added links to other wiki articles for knowledge or terms that may not be known to non-psychology individualsPsych480 (talk) 17:04, 30 April 2018 (UTC) Fixed the part about individualsPsych480 (talk) 17:05, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

I did one last major edit on a couple grammatical things, don't end with prepositions , I took out a few words , and changed any words like They're to they are just so it can sound a little more professional. feel free to change anything that doesn't flow Waveyfredo (talk)waveyfredo

General comments on this assignment - Dr. Council
I think you've done a good job on this. Some sections need to be fleshed out. You've also left out interesting material that was in previous drafts.

See above for comments on specific sections.

My main problem with this is that the writing has some grammatical errors and is too wordy/clumsy in sections. Put your best grammarian onto proofreading and editing to make the writing succinct and more readable. Make it flow!J.R. Council (talk) 20:35, 22 April 2018 (UTC)


 * There were still some grammatical errors, but I fixed them. May have missed some, though. The Criticisms section seems unfinished. Keep proofreading and polishing this up. I am going to relay the link to so he can give you his feedback. J.R. Council (talk) 19:12, 24 April 2018 (UTC)