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 * underlined areas are things I DID NOT write.

Melanomas are usually caused by DNA damage resulting from exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun. Melanoma can also occur in skin areas with little sun exposure (i.e.: inside the mouth, genital areas, palms, and soles of feet). Genetics also plays a role. People with Atypical mole syndrome (also known as dysplastic nevus syndrome or familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM)) are at increased risk for the development of melanoma.

Familial melanoma or (FAMMM) is genetically heterogeneous, and loci for familial melanoma appear on the chromosome arms 1p, 9p and 12q. Multiple genetic events have been related to melanoma's pathogenesis (disease development). The multiple tumor suppressor 1 (CDKN2A/MTS1) gene encodes p16INK4a – a low-molecular weight protein inhibitor of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) – which has been localised to the p21 region of human chromosome 9.CDKN2A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (melanoma, p16, inhibits CDK4) from Entrez Gene FAMMM is typically characterized by having 50 or more combined moles in addition to a family history of melanoma. It is transmitted autosomal dominantly and predominately associated with the CDKN2A mutations. Those with CDKN2A mutation associated FAMMM have a 38 fold increased risk of pancreatic cancer.

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