User:Qoou.Anonimu/APWH/1750-1914/Teo/Bentley

France

After revolution, Napoleon tried to invade Egypt but was beaten back by British. He drove the Austrians out of northern Italy and claimed it. He then conquered Spain, the rest of Italy, the Netherlands, and parts of Germany by 1809. He forced Austria, Prussia and Russia to ally with him after their first defeats. When he invaded Russia in 1812, the Russian army burned down their villages and farms to deny the French food and shelter. His defeat there gave his enemies the courage to exile him to Elba off the coast of Italy; he returned to France, was defeated at Waterloo, and was re-exiled to St. Helena, an island off the coast of the Americas.

Rest of Europe

Revolutions in Germany and Italy caused them to unite.

America/Asia

French efforts in Asia stopped after Napoleon. They controlled most of Indo-China between 1859 and 1893. The Dutch still controlled almost all of the “East Indies,” although the Portuguese still controlled east Timor.

Africa

Egypt was invaded by France, only to be later claimed by Britain. Congo was annexed to Belgium in 1908. France lost South Africa in the Napoleonic wars. The Berlin West Africa treaty said that any European state could establish colonies in unclaimed African territory. Liberia, effectively an American colony, and Ethiopia were the only independent states by 1900. By 1914, the French had most of inland West Africa and Madagascar, the Italian had a few coastal territories in eastern and northern Africa, the Portuguese has some of South Africa, and the Germans had coastal territories in western, southern, and eastern Africa.