User:Qp10qp/Sandbox4

This is sandbox 4 of Qp10qp.

Ref break
•

Wiktionary
wikt:froward|froward

in link brackets

froward

Standard templates
Delete fields you don't want, to save edit clutter. Fields must be lower case, bars must be between each bit.

Doesn't matter what order you put them in they come out right

Wikilinks

Most fields can be wikilinked (ie. title = book title), but should generally only be linked to an existing Wikipedia article. Any wikilinked field must not contain any brackets apart from normal round brackets — don't use <>[]{}.

Don't wikilink first and last but authorlink, with no brackets. You can deprecate first two fields by doing surname comma first name in one yourself.



Here's a basic one.

A basic one with url. Note, an example of bulleting. You must put accessdate: Full date when item was accessed, in ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD format, eg. 2006-02-17. Required when url field is used. Must not be wikilinked.



In the case below, the author name comes out wikilinked, whatever I've put in the authorlink box.

This one next shows you can just put author= and then do the names backwards yourself, with a comma

Field url= URL of an online book. Cannot be used if you wikilinked title.

Field pages= pages: 5–7: first page and optional last page. This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not the total number of pages in the book.

Example:three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition

Don't mix templates
Don't mix Template:Citation with the templates that start with Cite such as Template:Cite journal or Template:Cite news. They shouldn't be mixed per WP:CITE.

Harvard
Many times authors use an edition of a book that was published after the original publication. In such cases, many people put the original date of publication in square brackets followed by the date of publication of the edition used by the author who is making the citation. For example, a citation might be

(Marx [1867] 1967)

Note: Harvard referencing is not complete without the full citation at the end of the page (article) in the References section, as described next.

Harvnb

 * You can use the "loc" parameter:, or with "nb" (no braces) form, you can just do this: , plate 22.

You can make a page number with a p, or without:. The second style uses a colon, as for example.

With P.

Three templates are currently available using this style:  ,   and   . Except for their different names, the and  templates are identical. The name of the former has been shortened, making it quicker and easier to type. The third template,, does not display the surrounding parentheses (brackets), so the "nb" in its name is an abbreviation for "no brackets." This style is very useful for placing more than one citation inside a single set of parentheses, which is often done when listing a number of related articles. An example of using a number of citations together inside parentheses might look like this:

 "Although most scholars accept the blahblah theory, a few have criticized its main points (e.g., , and )."

The actual text that you would write in order to display this on the page, including the wikitext of the templates, would look like this:  "Although most scholars accept the blahblah theory, a few have criticized its main points (e.g., , and )."

With colon

Three templates are currently available using this style:  ,   and   :
 * is identical in every way to and , except for the different page display style.
 * In the same way,  is identical  to  aside from page display.

is different in that it displays the name(s) or the author(s) outside the parentheses, with the publication year inside. There is currently no template of this sort which uses p. to display page numbers. An example of in use might look like this:

 "Moreover, rejected the blahblah theory on the grounds that it was not the topic of any Wikipedia article."

The actual text that you would write in order to display this on the page, including the wikitext of the templates, would look like this:  "Moreover, rejected the blahblah theory on the grounds that it was not the topic of any Wikipedia article."

Harvnb detail
As alternatives to Location, you may also use the following parameters: p = page pp = pages.

Notes:


 * The abbreviation Harvnb may be used.
 * The first parameter is the author's last name.
 * The second parameter is the year of publication.
 * The third parameter is the location of the cited material within the reference. This parameter is optional.
 * The parameter p is an optional page parameter (e.g., "" yields Smith 2006, p. 25.
 * The parameter pp is an optional page range parameter (e.g., "" yields Smith 2006, pp. 25-26.

If Ref=none, then no hyperlink is created.

Examples

Examples



yields:



If an author published two books in 2005, the year of the first (in the alphabetic order of the references) is cited and referenced as 2005a, the second as 2005b.

(From a talk page) How to reference websites. I believe the correct format is Surname, Initial. (Year). Title.  [Date Accessed].

Harvnb examples, tricky ones
OCLC

*.

Two authors

*.

Don't like the lack of a comma after the first Christian name

Three authors

*.

Chapter/introduction

*

Journal

*. (JSTOR subscription required for online access.)

*. (JSTOR subscription required for online access.)

Editor

*.

Chapter/article in edited work

*.

Chapter/article in work with multiple editors

*.

Edited work, author first

(Not sure if this is right)

*.

Complete citations in a "References" section
Complete citations, also called "references", are collected at the end of the article under a ==References== heading. Under this heading, list the comprehensive reference information as a bulleted ( * ) list, one bullet per reference work. Try to make sure that whichever citation system you choose is used consistently throughout the article.

Typical references would be:


 * McDougall, D. (2003). "Trauma of quake's shattered children". Guardian. Retrieved October 23, 2005.
 * Smith, J. How to cite your sources, Random House, 2005. ISBN 1-899235-74-4

or using a template:

*

which results in:



Citations for newspaper articles typically include the title of the article in quotes, the byline (author's name), the name of the newspaper in italics, date of publication, and the date you retrieved it if it's online.

Two lots of numbered links
The new method of introducing footnotes is illustrated in action potential; you'll see ~5 notes scattered throughout and grouped at the bottom in an automatically numbered way, as you and Qp had asked? I made a version that did the numbering by letters, but Steve's solution was basically done and much better anyway, so that was adopted here. The trick is to use the &lt;ref&gt; and &lt;references&gt; tags as usual, but with the argument "group=note", as you may see in the action potential. Steve also has some examples in User:Sanbeg/ref test, which might be helpful. (talk) 13:15, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

Embedded citations
Embedded citations can be placed in an article by enclosing a URL with single square brackets — — which appears like this:  A full citation ought then be given in the References section like this:

*Google's website, which appears as:
 * Google's website

A newspaper article referenced in an article by using an embedded link might be — — which looks like this. The embedded link is placed after the period, or when placed within a sentence after a clause, then after the comma.

Then in the References section, a full citation is provided:

*"Sorrell accuses Murdoch of panic buying" by John Plunkett, The Guardian, October 27, 2005, retrieved October 27, 2005

which appears as:
 * "Sorrell accuses Murdoch of panic buying" by John Plunkett, The Guardian, October 27, 2005, retrieved October 27, 2005

It is particularly important in the case of online newspaper articles to include byline, headline, newspaper, and date of publication, because many newspapers keep stories online only for a certain period before transferring them to the archives. With a full citation, readers will be able to find the article easily even if the link doesn't work.

Here's an example of a reference with external link, used in Martin Luther:

The author comes out unlinked, and the title comes out linked. I did it the opposite way round with:

The authors needed to come after the title this time.

Sandy demonstrating how to do weblinks with templates:

Maintaining a separate "References" section in addition to "Notes"
It is helpful when footnotes are used that a References section also be maintained, in which the sources that were used are listed in alphabetical order. With articles that have lots of footnotes, it can become hard to see after a while exactly which sources have been used, particularly when the footnotes also contain explanatory text. A References section, which contains only citations, helps readers to see at a glance the quality of the references used.

= Citing a news article =

cite news


 * title is required, rest is optional.
 * author: Author
 * last works with first to produce
 * publisher: Publisher, if any.
 * accessdate: Date when item was accessed. Use ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD format.
 * work: If this item is part of a larger work, name of that work.
 * pages overrides page
 * See Template talk:Cite news for more help on using this template.

Note: news reference is now deprecated; please use cite news instead for new references, and gradually migrate existing references.

= Citing the web =

cite web

Notes and references
{The only trouble is that the 2 reference is marked below it.}

You may also use a smaller format if desired, like this:

Citing a footnote more than once
To give a footnote a unique identifier, use &lt;ref name="name"> ... &lt;/ref>. You can then refer to the same footnote again by using a ref tag with the same name. The name cannot be a number, or the extension will return an error.

The text in the first occurrence of a named ref is used, so text in the second and following occurrence will be ignored.. You can either copy the whole footnote, or you can use a terminated empty ref tag that looks like this:  .

In the following example, the same source is cited three times.

  This is an example of multiple references to the same footnote. &lt;ref name&#61;"multiple">Remember that when you refer to the same footnote multiple times, the text from the first reference is used.&lt;/ref> Such references are particularly useful when citing sources, if different statements come from the same source. &lt;ref name&#61;"multiple">This text is superfluous, and won't show up anywhere. We may as well just use an empty tag.&lt;/ref> A concise way to make multiple references is to use empty ref tags, which have a slash at the end. &lt;ref name&#61;"multiple"/>

&#61;= Notes == &lt;references/> 

The text above gives the following result in the article (see also Notes section below): This is an example of multiple references to the same footnote.

Such references are particularly useful when citing sources, when different statements come from the same source.

A concise way to make multiple references is to use empty ref tags, which have a slash at the end.

One should be particularly careful when deleting the first of multiple named references, because the footnote text will be deleted unless it is copied to the second (now first) ref tag.

Cite:php style: Multiple insertion of the same reference
On the Edit page, this is placed at the first insertion point of citation:



This is placed at the second insertion point of citation:



This is placed at the third insertion point of citation:


 *   ..... and so forth for further insertion points

Single insertion of a reference
For the single insertion of a reference, the "name" parameter is not needed. On the Edit page, this is placed at the insertion point of citation:



What is produced at the points of insertion
These are what is produced and note that the reference numbers in blue are automatically generated. Clicking on any one of the reference numbers causes the screen display to scroll down to that reference number in the Reference List section:


 * First text word referenced to Perry's Handbook


 * Second text word referenced to Perry's Handbook


 * Third text word referenced to Perry's Handbook


 * The only text word referenced to the Excel book.

Producing the reference or footnote list
On the Edit page, this is placed in the References or the Footnotes section:
 * ' instead of the space bar:   yields a non-breaking 19 kg''.
 * A hard space can also be produced by using the nowrap template:  produces a non-breaking 8 sq ft. This is especially useful for short constructions requiring two or more hard spaces, as in the preceding example.
 * In the main text, notes and citations, the abbreviations p. and pp. should be followed by a hard space (p. 42, pp. 409–13); similar instances of abbreviations and related numbers should be separated by a hard space (Vol. 1, No. 5, Fig. 2a).
 * In some older browsers, quotation marks separated by a hard space are still broken at the end of a line: ("She said 'Yes!' ").
 * Unlike normal spaces, multiple hard spaces are not compressed by browsers into a single space.

The advice for where a quotation within a quotation results in jostling single and double quotation marks:

use the, and  templates for this purpose: ...your right to say it. Do not use plain or non-breaking space characters, as this corrupts the semantic integrity of the article by mixing content and presentation.

Quoting Wikipedia edit pages in Talk
The one below does that without generating a number for the little book icon. It also shows how to make a text flow along smoothly while using such a link.

From the above work, I learn that. ..

Let me try one myself:

I have just looked at these edits to find out the truth.

How pleasing!

Quoting ref noting in Talk (also boxing a quote)
You put the nowiki things either side of each ref thing. Never mind about the actual words inside.

Disadvantages and future improvements

 * In the old Footnote3 system, links and auto-numbered footnotes pulled from the same counter, which made it difficult to keep the endnotes consistent. With the new Cite.php module, a different issue presents itself: a casual reader might not notice or understand the difference between an external link and an auto-numbered footnote and may be confused, thinking that the numbers are not in order. For this reason, some editors argue that auto-numbered external links are better not used on the same page with auto-numbered footnotes, which can be avoided, e.g., by making text links for the external references, like this: Kate's Tool, instead of: Kate's Tool. Other editors argue that both citation styles can be used in the same article, and that the disadvantage of using text links like  Kate's Tool is that it does not clearly signal to the reader that they are being directed off Wikipedia.

Strike-through
Looks like this and ends up like this.

Summary style
The convention when you have daughter articles (per WP:SS) is that you use the main template rather than the see also template, and that the parent article have only a summary (say, three paragrahs at most), rather than massive duplication between the two articles (a horror to keep both current, and synchronized).

Links
Hiding what's in parenthesis:

Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: kingdom.

Automatically hide namespace: Village Pump.

Blending/deblending links
microsecond

To suppress blending, use nowicki tag in between:

micro second

Links to parts of page
is a link to a section within another page.
 * Manual of Style


 * Wikipedia talk:Citing sources

to another section on the current page.
 * is a link


 * 


 * The part after the number sign (#) must match a section heading on the page. Matches must be exact in terms of spelling, case, and punctuation. Links to non-existent sections are not broken; they are treated as links to the top of the page.


 * Include "| Link title" to create a stylish link-title.


 * Amazing info here

Talk: List of Ukrainians

Pictures
(For "Wikipedesketch1.png", insert file title from Commons.)

When the picture is among the text, it's called "floating".


 * Plain :                                                                                      [[Image:Wikipedesketch1.png]] 


 * With placement (left or right) :  [[Image:Wikipedesketch1.png|right]] 


 * With caption (all captions have frames) :  [[Image:Wikipedesketch1.png|frame|right|Here is a really cool caption]] 


 * Combining different options :  [[Image:Wikipedesketch1.png|thumb|100px|right|The Wikipede]] 


 * Linking to pictures without displaying them :  This is the wikipede 

(Note colon at start; this method takes you to the image page rather than the image, which is smaller and more manageable.)


 * With caption :  This links directly to the Wikipede's image page 

The following stops pictures overlapping text or gallery below:
 *   

The image overlap problem is usually solvable by adding a

immediately before the image. The problem is, that may produce a very large amount of white space for some browsers/resolutions.

Double image

Unbunching
From:

When you have a long strip of right floated images together with a number of sections, it usually causes the section editing for the sections which start after the first image and on the screen start before the last image to bunch up to the left of the last image (see Example 1).

== Clearing the floats ==

This can be done if there is no problem adding extra whitespace before the next section (for instance, because the problem only shows in uncommon font sizes, or if the images are logically attached to sections). It consists of adding an element with the CSS property  or   before the next section. An easy way to do it is to use clear or {{subst:clear}}.

Using a floated div
This method has the advantage of not visibly changing anything in the article; the resulting appearance is almost identical to the original, with the only differences being that the section edit links flow naturally as expected, instead of ending bunched up to the left of the last image, slightly different spacing between the images, and a slightly different margin size. It also has the advantage of being possible to do mechanically (either with a bot or manually). However, it can only be used when the images have identical width (usually happens when all are either  or a fixed size in px, and all are more wide than tall; can also happen when thumbnails are not used).

To do this, first remove any  from the images, and add a   to them (this stops them from floating). Then wrap them in  (this makes them float together, and also puts them below any other right float instead of to the left of it; it's also what's normally used for the right-floated images). See Example 2 for an example.

Picture/photo copyright
If the depicted 2D original is still copyrighted, a photo will be subject to the copyright on the original anyway as it is a derivative work. If the depictd work is PD, then we only have to consider the copyright on the photo, and if that copyright (or its "photograph neighbouring right") has not expired yet, then the "quotation right" won't make the image free either. Quotation is a fair use. Lupo 08:41, 18 September 2007 (UTC)Bridgeman quite clearly does not apply world-wide. Bridgeman extended the "mere reproduction rule to photography in the U.S., but other countries do not subsume photographs automatically under the "mere reproduction" class.

Measurements
There should be a non-breaking space -  between a number and the unit of measurement. For example, instead of 18mm, use 18 mm, which when you are editing the page, should look like: 18 mm.

Keyboard Shortcuts
Ctrl + Alt + the following:


 * P Preview
 * V Version changes
 * S Save
 * T Talk
 * + (mid right end) Start a new discussion
 * E Edit this page
 * F Find/search
 * L List (watchlist)
 * N Natter (my talk)
 * J What joins (links) here
 * H History

Notes combined with refs
Kirill: I see nothing wrong with having notes that combine citations and discursive material; it's a style that's fully endorsed by at least the Chicago Manual of Style (and, indeed, pretty much the only style that makes sense if what's being annotated are the citatins themselves), and it helps avoid what would otherwise be an unreadable forest of little numbers in an article that's both heavily cited and heavily annotated

TOC
(From [Wikipedia:Manual of Style (headings)])

For each article with more than three headings, a table of contents (TOC) is automatically generated from the section headings, unless:
 * (for a user) preferences are set to turn it off
 * (for an article) in the edit box the code   is added

The TOC is put before the first section header unless it is placed manually with the code  . Thus there may be some introductory text before it, known as the "lead". See Guide to writing better articles for recommendations on the length of the lead section.

The TOC can, when an editor chooses, be floated either right or left using TOCright or TOCleft. It is not always a good idea to do this. For more on floating the TOC, including guidelines on when it is advisable, see Section.

For more on tables of contents see Section.

Vandals
If you see a vandal at work, slap on to the culprit's Talk page as the first action. Simply realising that they are being watched may be enough to put them off.

Vandal templates
Warn Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. Hello, I'm Qp10qp. An edit that you recently made seemed to be a test and has been removed. If you want more practice editing, please use the sandbox. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks! Please refrain from making test edits in Wikipedia pages, even if you intend to fix them later. Your edits have been reverted. If you would like to experiment again, please use the sandbox. Thank you. Please stop making test edits to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism, which, under Wikipedia policy, can lead to being blocked from editing. If you would like to experiment again, please use the sandbox. You may be blocked from editing without further warning the next time you vandalize Wikipedia. This is the only warning you will receive regarding your disruptive edits. If you vandalize Wikipedia again, you may be blocked from editing without further notice. Hello, I'm Qp10qp. I wanted to let you know that one or more external links you added have been removed because they seemed to be inappropriate for an encyclopedia. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page, or take a look at our guidelines about links. Thank you.

Welcome
Welcome Welcome

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages you might like to see:


 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

You are welcome to continue editing articles without logging in, but you may wish to  create an account . Doing so is free, requires no personal information, and provides several benefits. If you edit without a username, your IP address (Qp10qp) is used to identify you instead.

In any case, I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your comments on talk pages using four tildes ( ~ ); this will automatically produce your IP address (or username if you're logged in) and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question and then place  before the question on this page. Again, welcome! Hello, and thank you for lending your time to help improve Wikipedia! If you are interested in editing more often, I suggest you create an account to gain additional privileges. Happy editing!