User:Quralayqyz/Кенесары хан

Kenesary Kasymovich (1802, Kokchetav region-1847, Kyrgyzstan, keklik-Sengir valley) - figure, military leader, leader of the National liberation movement of the Kazakh people of 1837-1847, the last Khan of the Kazakh khanate (1841-1847). Kenesary-27th generation of Genghis Khan, grandson of Abylai Khan.

Childhood

Abylai Khan in Kokshetau", sewed as a child, when the Promotion of thirty. Born the son of Abylay Khan, the son Caldina Serena, son of Kasim Sultan ICOM from Icandy (six brothers-Sarzhan, esengeldy, cats, Agati, Bopay), the second wife of the seminar. In accordance with the traditions of the nomadic military aristocracy Kenesary, as the other brothers, from an early age, he was brought up a racer, hardworking to the harsh environment of the steppes. Personal heroic qualities, unity,dedication and enduring forces on the way to achieving the goals early recognized his leadership abilities.

The formation of the political worldview of Kenesary is closely related to the nature of relations between Russia and the Kazakh khanate, which began during the reign of Peter the great in the Russian Empire. Due to the fact that the Russian Empire considered the cornerstone of the Kazakh khanate, all Asian countries and lands, it should be annexed to Russia. The forced annexation of the territory of the Kazakh khanate to the Empire was accompanied by its colonization. Russian colonialism is characterized by "the fact that a Russian man is accompanied by a Russian soldier, thereby trying to turn the conquered place into Russian land" (M. Shokai). This process, accelerated since the time of his grandfather Abylai Khan, forced the young Sultan Kenesary deeper understand the threat to the independence of the nation. "The Charter of the Imperial government" of 1822 "about the Siberian Kazakhs" was adopted in 1822 to destroy the formed Khan's structures, traditional images of the power and to impart the Kazakh country in the all-Russian system of management. For this purpose, Russian peasants began to move to the Kazakh steppe. Khan Uali (1781 – 1821), who came to power after Abylai Khan, gave the consent of the Royal administration to begin urban development in the Kokchetav valley. After the death of Wali Khan was not approved by the Government of Russia elected son Gubaidulla and destroyed the Khan's regime in middle Zhuz. He was arrested Gubaidulla who resisted, and were deported to Siberia. In this regard, Kenesary refused to terminate the written agreement concluded between Russia and Abylai Khan. His opinion: "Alla Kostas, we unite Kazakhs, and again we will achieve such level as at Abylay Khan" is supported from the father of Sultan Kasym, brothers, many Kazakh batyrs. They tried to fight against Russia, having allied with the Kokand Khan, but hopes were not justified. On the contrary, in 1836, On the instructions of the Kokand ruler, brother K. Sarzhan was killed. In 1840, father Kasim Torah died. Kenesary was not part of Russia, recreated the territorial integrity of the Kazakh khanate under Khan Abylay Khan.

Since 1827, the descendants of Abylay took an active part in the struggle for the liberation of the Kazakh khanate from tsarist Russia. Troops led by father Kenesary Kasym and his older brother, Sarzhan attacked Russian villages and caravans, freed of the Kazakh village from the colonial block.

And here its successor Kenesary Kasymovich, in national consciousness, told that it is very important business of independence of the state. He realized that in order to protect the interests of the state, overcome the enemy and achieve independence, the qualified management of the people will contribute. Kenesary Kasymovich managed to unite around himself the most faithful advisers and batyrs, among the people of the most authoritative, active citizens against colonial oppression. In 1838, an attack on the fortresses of Akmola, Aktau, Began. The rebels burned the fortresses. Kenesary expanded the scale of the war through Turgay towards the Land of the Younger Zhuz. In 1841 in September Kenesary was elected Khan of the Kazakh people at the gathering of representatives of the three zhuzes. In the same year, Kenesary's troops got Sozak, Zhanakorgan, of Americamay in the vicinity of the Kokand khanate. In 1843, the Russian Government organized an extensive military campaign against Kenesary. Kenesary's troops repeatedly captured Kazakh sultans, fighters with the Russian army and the Russian side. Sultan Kenesary, first of all, killed the troops of the cornet Rytov, guarding the caravan of merchants in 1837. The first major attempt of Kenesary began may 26, 1838 to protect Akmola fortress and anneal. The chief military Kamala foreman Karbyshev and senior Sultan of Akmola region Konyrkuldzha got rid of the death Divine. Kenesary is now headed towards Torgau. In his addresses to the Queen Kenesary Kasymovich explained that this is an attempt to bring closer the borders of Russia, thereby facilitating the negotiation process. In fact, the main goal Batyr 1836-38. the Revolt of the Junior Zhuz under the direction of Isatai Taimanuly was the uprising of the national liberation uprising. In 1840 Kenesary had to abandon the idea to make a trip to Tashkent. Because, soldiers, among which is a widespread infectious disease. On the night of 21 July 1844 in the night battle of Kenesary's troops turned the Ahmet Antonioli. 44 sultans who supported the tsarist government were killed in the battles.

The United national liberation movement of the Kazakhs of the three zhuzes greatly worried Russia. July 27, 1843 Nicholas signed a decree that the Empire should not be another state that allows the most large-scale military movements against the Kazakh khanate.

Санат:Алфавит бойынша тұлғалар In 1841, when Kenesary sat on the throne of the Khan, the participants of the uprising intensified the hostilities that surrounded the fortress Zhulek, Akmeshit, Zhanakorgan, Sozak, fortified by significant forces of Kokand.

In foreign policy Kenesary established allied and military relations with the Central Asian khans.Father Kasym-tore maintained relations with the Kokand khanate.But my father and uncle were killed by Kokand men, and then he was arrested.Khan Kokand Muhammad Alikhan freed him from captivity and returned to his family and property.Kenesary started to rivnomu khanate.The Khan of Khiva Allakuli greeted him with respect and offered to create a social Union.But, accepting this offer, do not forget about yourself.Amhara Nasrullah Khan offered an Alliance against Khiva.Kenesary Khan offered him an Alliance against death.Thus, Kenesary sought to get help from the two khanates.After the collapse of the Khan's power, the tsarist government did not recognize him as Khan.Kenesary was negotiating with the Empire of the world.1841-1843. Kenesary and the Russian Empire reached a peaceful agreement.But, as the Governor of Orenburg, came Obruchev,was terminated the arrangement on the world, and began the attempt of punishment against Kenesary.In 1844, on behalf of the Orenburg Governor, a member of the border Commission Baymukhanbet zhamanshi Arrived as an Ambassador and handed a letter to the Khan Obruchev.Headed by Gern and Dolgov arrived Embassy of the Royal government.The purpose of the Embassy: subordination Kenesary Russia and the implementation of its requirements.Kenesary also indicated their demands.Due to the fact that both sides did not recognize each other's demands, this dialogue did not yield results.Kenesary forgot Kyrgyz.But he didn't want to create an Alliance with advisers of Khan Kenesary,sending their people to Romanskom Khan.Then Kenesary chose China.The Embassy has sent to the Emperor Daoguan.Daoguan promised to rebuild relations under Ablay Khan.

After the uprising Kenesary arrived on the land of the Middle juz.But before that, Russia has thought through decisive actions, and it is impossible to continue the fight in the middle Zhuz.Then the left decided to go to the Great Zhuz.At the brother of the great Zhuz Nauryzbay hundred guys sent them to resettlement of the nomad.Rustem Sultan promised to accept Nauryzbay,allocate land and support Kenesary.In 1846, Khan has gone out of the Middle Zhuz.He began negotiations with the Kyrgyz Manapov arriving in the territory of the Great juz.They promised to support the Khan, in principle, conducted a double policy.Calm between the two sides violated Kyrgyz, killing Saurik Batyr.In April 1847, in response to their actions Kenesary invaded Kyrgyzstan 15-thousand army.This attack was very tough, and the Kyrgyz began to prepare for war.In the city of Maitobe - Partridge-Singer was fighting with the Kyrgyz manapol under the direction of the forest.But during the battle the Sultan Rustem and Sypatai bought left and took most of his army.The battle lasted several days.Kenesary was detained in captivity for three months, as the Kyrgyz did not know what to do with him.Then it was decided to kill him.Earlier imbas asks permission to pray in the eyes of Kenesary.Since the beginning of the year in Russia.Its beginning Kyrgyz manab gave Governor-General of Western Siberia Gorchakov a letter written with a wax seal of Ormon, and wanted to show the loyalty of the Kyrgyz to the Russian Empire.