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Antagonism (chemistry) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) In chemistry, antagonism is a phenomenon wherein two or more agents in combination have an overall effect that is less than the sum of their individual effects.

The word is most commonly used in this context in biochemistry and toxicology: interference in the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure. For instance, a receptor antagonist is an agent that reduces the response that a ligand produces when the receptor antagonist binds to a receptor on a cell. An example of this is the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. The opposite of antagonism is synergy. It is a negative type of synergism.

Experiments with different combinations show that binary mixtures of phenolics can lead to either a synergetic antioxidant effect or to an antagonistic effect.[1]

References[edit source] Jump up ^ Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidation: Synergistic and antagonistic effects. M. N. Peyrat-Maillard, M. E. Cuvelier and C. Berset, Journal Of The American Oil Chemists' Society, 2003, Volume 80, Number 10, pages 1007-1012, doi:10.1007/s11746-003-0812-z

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Appropriate /Reliable Reference There's only one reference listed here, but yet again there's only 3 paragraphs on the page.The link takes you to a partial research paper; partial in the sense that one must pay to view the remainder of the paper. So, it reliability is questionable since the review/research paper is not entirely visible.

Information Source No information on this is given. There is just a link to semi- review/research article and links to other Wikipedia articles.

Relevance Although the article is a chemistry related stub ( it even says so in the title) the page ends with Antagonism's use in toxicology as well as in biochemistry.

Future Additions ° Expand on History/Background of topic ° Usage ° Include more/ accessible references & citations ° Include a viewpoint that supports the chemistry behind Antagonists REDABE (talk) 02:17, 24 October 2016 (UTC)

REDABE (talk) 20:37, 19 October 2016 (UTC)

Chemical antagonist impede the normal function of a system. They function to invert the effects of other molecules. The effects of antagonists can be seen after they have encountered an Agonist, and as a result, the effects of the agonist is neutralized. Antagonists such as Dopamine Antagonist slow down movement in lab rats. Although they hinder the joining of enzymes to substrates, Antagonists can be beneficial. For example, not only do Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and  Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors work to lower blood pressure, but they also counter the effects of renal disease in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Cheating agents, such as Calcium Disodium Edetate, fall in the category of antagonists and operate to minimize the lethal effects of heavy metals such as Mercury or Lead.

In chemistry, antagonism is a phenomenon wherein two or more agents in combination have an overall effect that is less than the sum of their individual effects.In other words each agent is more effective by itself, than they would be if they were

The word is most commonly used in this context in biochemistry and toxicology: interference in the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure. For instance, a receptor antagonist is an agent that reduces the response that a ligand produces when the receptor antagonist binds to a receptor on a cell. An example of this is the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. The opposite of antagonism is synergy. It is a negative type of synergism.

Experiments with different combinations show that binary mixtures of phenolics can lead to either a synergetic antioxidant effect or to an antagonistic effect.[1]

REDABE (talk) 21:21, 5 November 2016 (UTC) REDABE (talk) 04:39, 7 November 2016 (UTC)