User:RKhalaf1999/Water pollution in the United States

4.5 Air Pollution as a Cause of Water Pollution

Air pollution is also a major contributor to "Surface Water Pollution". The type of pollutants in the air caused by industrial waste, auto emissions, smog, factories, and agricultural industries bio-waste released every day in the atmosphere are affecting the quality of our ocean water and fresh-water, thus affecting marine life, plants, animals, and ultimately human survival. Air pollution can also affect global warming, in turn can change rainfall patterns causing the destruction of plant life, consequently alter human beings way of life. The waste from industrial sectors and auto emissions releases gas, including nitrogen oxide when interacted with water vapor in air forms a phenomena called acid rain that falls down to oceans, lakes, streams, reservoirs, and as well as soil used in agricultural farms. The acid rain drains all the important nutrients, such as oxygen from the water and soil causing harm to marine life, detrimental to animals and humans and it reduces the ability of plants to reproduce. There are some measures that local and federal governments introduce intermittently that can help air and water safety. Under CWA (Clean Water Act), dumping pollutants into bodies of water from a point source is unlawful unless a permit has been obtained.Since the air and water pollutants are tightly connected, any measure to reduce one will have an impact on the other. On September 21st, 2021, California Air Resources Board (CARB) proposed a plan to upgrade all engines in cars, trucks, and boats tier 3 by the end of 2024 and tier 4, which is much less pollutant, by 2035. One problem with tier 4 engines was that the technology does not exist yet, the idea to use Diesel Particulate Filters will theoretically lower emissions but since the technology has not yet been developed it was this proposal was more theoretical than practical. On September 28th Sportfishing Association of California (SAC) and Golden Gate Fishermen’s Association (GGFA) protested against this proposal on the basis on the upgrades to their boats would be economically disastrous and would lead to charging their customers higher ticket cost which in turn would cause the reduction of the number they can service and they won't be able to cover the new upgrades and stay in business. The two sides reached a compromise to upgrade to tier 3 and delay the tier 4 update for when the technology is available and cost effective. The upgrade of the engines, wherever in boats, trucks, airplanes, or cars, tier 3 would be an example of how to reduce the pollution in the air that directly affects the water pollution in the United States.