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Le mouvement de renouveau intellectuel et culturel des Lumières reste, au sens strict, européen avant tout, et il découle presque exclusivement d’un contexte spécifique de maturation des idées héritées de la Renaissance. La pensée des Lumières s’est étendue à l’Europe, quoique la traduction de ce terme, dans les autres langues européennes, ait toujours privilégié l'idée d'une « illumination » provenant de l’extérieur, alors que le terme français privilégie le fait que les Lumières viennent de soi-même. De manière très générale, sur le plan scientifique et philosophique, les Lumières voient le triomphe de la raison sur la foi et la croyance ; sur le plan politique et économique, le triomphe de la bourgeoisie sur la noblesse et le clergé.

In this denomination, the movement of Enlightenment is a cultural, philosophical, literary, and intellectual movement that emerged in the second half of the seventeenth century with the work of philosophers like Spinoza, Locke, Bayle and Newton, before developing in all of Europe, notably in France in the eighteenth century. This period is called the Age of Enlightenment.

By their commitment against religious and political oppression, the members of the movement perceived themselves as progressive elites striving for world progress, fighting the irrational, arbitrary, obscurantist, and superstitious ways of past philosophers and rediscovered the ethics and aesthetics of their time. The influence of their writings was very influential in the events of the late eighteenth century, including the American and French Revolutions. .

The movement of renewed intellectual and cultural enlightenment was mostly European, stemming from the specific context of developing ideas developed during the Renaissance. The ideas of the Enlightenment

(translating from: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumières_(philosophie))