User:Rajofcanada/HREStates/Principality


 * User:Rajofcanada/HREStates

=Principality=

Principality of Anhalt

 * ?: Albert of Ballenstadt married the heiress of the count of Orlamunde
 * ?: Otto of Ballenstadt (d.1123) married a daughter of Magnus of Saxony inheriting many lands in Thuringia and Westphalia
 * Lines
 * Anhalt-Bernburg
 * Anhalt-Dessau
 * Anhalt-Kothen
 * Anhalt-Zerbst
 * 1792: In Council of Princes
 * References
 * Anhalt
 * House Laws of Anhalt

Principality of Ansbach

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Aschaffenburg

 * 1803: Principality
 * 10th century: Imperial Chancellor and Archbishop Willigis of Mainz acquired ownership of Aschaffenburg
 * 1803: Granted to the Chancellor, Karl Theodor von Dalberg
 * 1806: Annexed to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt
 * 1814: To Bavaria


 * References
 * History of Aschaffenburg

Principality of Auersperg

 * Title: HRE Prince of Auersperg, Duke of Gottschee, Princely Count of Thengen, Count of Wels, Lord of Schönberg & Seissenberg, etc.
 * 1550: HRE Barony
 * 1630: HRE County
 * 1653: HRE Prince
 * "Johann Weikart von Auersperg...was one of the imperial envoys on the negotiations on the Treaty of Westphalia that ended the Thirty Years’ War. For this and for his other merits he was promoted to rank of a prince (principes) of the Holy Roman Empire with hereditary title on September 17th, 1653, while on July 30th 1654 he received the investiture over the Duchies of Münsterberg and Frankenstein in Silesia."
 * 1654: Imperial Estate
 * 1654: HRE Council of Princes
 * 1654-1791: Non-immediate Dukes of Silesia-Munsterberg and Frankestein
 * 1663: Became immediate Lords of Thengen
 * 1664: HRE Princely County
 * 1664: To Swabian Circle, Princes' Bench
 * 1791: Non-immediate Dukes of Gottschee (in the Austrian hereditary lands)
 * Acquired non-immediate Princely County of Wels
 * Rulers
 * John Weikhard (1653-1677)
 * John Ferdinand Francis (1677-1707)
 * Francis Charles (1707- 1713)
 * Henry Joseph John (1713-1783)
 * John Adam Joseph (1746-1795)
 * Charles Joseph (1783-1800)
 * William I (1800-1806)


 * References:
 * Austrian and German Mediatized Houses, 1871-1919
 * The Auersperg – Herberstein Coat of Arms

Principality of Babenhausen

 * 1190: Babenhausen Castle built
 * 1236: 1st mention of Babenhausen Castle
 * 1237: 1st mention of Babenhausen
 * 1100s: Babenhausen and Schonegg part of Lordship of Kellmunz
 * 1200-1300s: To Lords of Schonegg
 * 1295: Babenhausen received municipal rights to hold markers, coin money and jurisdiction over assaults.
 * 1378: To Lords of Rechberg
 * 1458: By the marriage of Philip the Elder of Hanau to the 15-year old Anna of Lichtenberg, Babenhausen became a Hanau-Lichtenberg possession. Philip left the life of a religious, at a late age, to marry Anna and ensure continuity of the line of Counts of Hanau.  After Anna's death, her properties fell to her widower who came to be known as Philip I of Hanau-Lichtenberg
 * 1539: Anton Fugger bought Lordship of Babenhausen
 * 1803: Lordships of Babenhausen, Boos and Kettershausen erected into Principality of Babenhausen for Fugger family
 * 1806: To Bavaria
 * Area: 52 sq. km.; Pop. 11,000

Principality of Bayreuth

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Bremen

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Bretzenheim
Title: HRE Prince of Bretzenheim
 * 1769: Counts of Heydeck (in the Palatinate)
 * 1774: HRE Counts of Bretzenheim.
 * 1780: immediate Lords of Bretzenheim.
 * 1789: HRE Princes of Bretzenheim.
 * 1790: Imperial Estate)

Principality of Dietrichstein

 * Title: HRE Prince of Dietrichstein in Nikolsburg/Nicolsburg, Count of Proskau, Lord of Trasp
 * 984: 1st reference to the family without mentioning name
 * 1166: Castellans of Dietrichstein Castle owned by the Bishopric of Bamberg
 * 1506: Inherited from the Osterwitz family, which died out, the office of hereditary cupbearer (Schenk)
 * 1514: Emperor Maximilian I granted his counsellor, the hero of many battles and a statesman, Sigmund of Dietrichstein (d.1480), the title of Imperial Baron, granting him the lordships of Finkenstein and Hollenburg.
 * ?: Adam of Dietrichstein (1527-1590) appointed major-domo of the imperial household
 * 1612: Sigismund of Dietrichstein, Adam's son, received the title of Imperial Count, along with properties in Moravia
 * 1624: Franz of Dietricstein, Bishop of Olomouc, granted by the Emperor title of Prince, along with many properties, and asserted that the princely title was bound to the lordship of Mikulov (Nikolsburg)
 * 1635: Title of Prince of the Empire became hereditary in the Dietrichstein family
 * ?: Emperor Ferdinand I appointed Sigismund of Dietrichstein (d.1533) head of Styria provincial government and governor of Lower Austria
 * 1684: immediate Lords of Tarasp
 * 1769: Inherited by marriage the properties and arms of the Counts of Proskau
 * 1802: Inherited the properties and arms of the Counts of Leslie
 * Reference
 * The Counts and Princes of Dietrichstein

Principality of East Frisia

 * East Friesland
 * Title: Prince and Lord of East Frisia, Lord of Esens, Stadesdorf and Wittmund
 * 1436: Cirksena family acquired Norden
 * 1454: Cirksenas acquired title of Count of East Frisia
 * 1455: Lordship of Esens recognized Ulrich Cirksena as its feudal lord
 * 1465: County
 * 1581/1600: East Frisia acquiredi Lordships of Esens and Wittmund
 * 1654: Enno Ludwig elevated to status of HRE Prince
 * 1662: Georg Christian is named to the Furstenstand, that is, East Frisia becomes a Principality
 * 1667: HRE Council of Princes
 * 1744: Inherited by Prussia
 * 1792: In Council of Princes
 * 1807: Ceded to France
 * 1807: Incorporated into Kingdom of Holland
 * 1810: French occupation
 * 1813: Russian occupation
 * 1813: To Prussia
 * 1815: To Hanover
 * Reference
 * Biographic encyclopedia for East Frisia
 * Cirksena Dynasty
 * Ruling Families and Lordships of East Friesland
 * History of East Frisia, c1200-1979

Princes Esterhazy

 * Title: Princes Esterházy von Galántha, Princely Counts of Edelstetten, Count of Forchtenstein


 * 1238: House of Esterhazy was first mentioned when the sons of Salamon of Estoras, Peter and Illyes, divided their inheritance into the Zerhazy line and the Illyeshazy line (extinct in the matle line in 1838)
 * 1527: Esterhazy family acquired Galantha in Slovakia
 * 1550: Benedict Esterhas died around this time.  He married in 1526 Helen Bessesyey de Galantha, an important heiress
 * ?: Ferenc Zerhazy (1563-1594), vice lord-lieutenant of the county of Pressburg, took the name of Esterhazy when he was created Baron of Galantha, an estate his family has held since 1421.
 * 1595: Three sons of Ferenc Esterhazy split into three lines: the Frakno or Forchtenstein (founded by Miklos), the Csesznek (founded by Daniel, died 1654) and Zolyom (founded by Pal, died 1641) lines.
 * Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha became Barom Pozsony
 * 1611: Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha (1582-1645) married Orsolya, the widow of the wealthy Ferencz Magocsy, thus coming into possession of her large estates.
 * 1612: Nikolaus Esterházy (1583-1645) petitioned Emperor Matthias II for ownership of the castle of Munkács (now: Munkachevo, Ukraine) and its estates which was granted shortly thereafter.
 * 1613: Emperor Matthias II made Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha a baron
 * 1617: Emperor Matthias II made Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha Count of Beregh
 * 1618: Emperor Matthias II made Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha lord-lieutenant of the county of Zolyom and magister curiae regiae.
 * 1622: Emperor Ferdinand II pledged the estates of Forchtenstein and Esenstadt to Count Nikolaus Esterhazy who was asked to give up the Munkacs Estate to Gabriel Bethlen
 * ?: Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha created a Hungarian count
 * 1625: Nikolaus Esterhazy was elected Palatine of Hungary
 * 1626: Emperoro Ferdinand II by deed of gift enabled the Esterházy to legally gain title to two properties in western Hungary: the castles of Fraknó (or Forchtenstein) and Kismarton (now: Eisenstadt, Austria) along with their estates.
 * 1626: Nikolaus Esterhazy de Galantha gained the title of hereditary Count of Forchtenstein (Frakno)
 * 1626: Count Nikolaus Esterhazy became a Hungarian Count
 * 1649: Count Ladislaus Esterhazy acquired the castle and estate of Forchtenstein (but without Eisenstadt which had become a free city in 1648) by paying off the lien
 * 1687: Pal Esterhazy, Baron Esterhazy de Galantha, Count of Forchtenstein and head of the Frakno (Forchtenstein) line, was made an HRE Prince (ad personam) as the 1st Prince Esterhazy de Galantha
 * 1695: Prince Pál Esterházy (1635-1713) created a fee tail, thereby ensuring the family's extensive properties and personal effects would pass on undivided to only direct heirs.
 * 1712: Mihaly Esterhazy (1671-1721), head of the older Forchtenstein line, was granted by Emperor Karl VI the title of hereditary HRE Prince which was extended to sons on a primogeniture basis
 * 1783: Emperor Joseph II granted the title of HRE Prince to all Esterhazy main line descendants (male and female)
 * 1804: Purchased Edelstetten from Ligne (College of Princes) and gained the title of Princely Count of Edelstetten


 * Possessions:
 * End of 1700's: The Esterhazys owned 10 million acres of Hungary, including over 100 villages, 40 towns and 30 castles.
 * Princely County of Edelstetten in Bavaria
 * Lordship of Gallingen in Baden
 * Several lordships in Lower Austria and Hungary


 * References
 * Austrian and German Mediatized Houses 1871-1919
 * Esterhazy: Magnate Family
 * Esterhazy de Galantha
 * Esterhazy von Galantha
 * The Landed Estates of the Esterhazy Princes
 * The Princes Esterházy: Magnates, Diplomatists, Patrons of Art
 * Schloss Esterhazy
 * Treasures of the Esterhazy Princes

Principality of Friedberg

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Furstenberg

 * Title: HRE Prince of Fürstenberg, Landgrave in the Baar & of Stühlingen, Count of Heiligenberg & Werdenberg, Baron of Gundelfingen, Lord of Hausen im Kinzinger Thal, Trochtelfingen, Möskirch, Hohenhöwen, Wildenstein, Jungnau, Waldsberg, Werenwag, Weitra & Püglitz


 * 1218: Inherited the possessions of the House of Zahringen
 * ?: Sons of Egino V of Urach founded 2 lines
 * Conrad the Elder inherited Breisgau & founded line of Counts of Freiburg
 * Henry (1215-1284) inherited territories in Kinzigthal and Baar.
 * 1250: Henry (1215-1284), Lord, then Count of Furstenberg
 * ?: Division of territory
 * ?: Reunited by Count Frederick III who married Anna, heiress of last count of Werdenberg
 * 1534: Inherited conty of Heiligenberg and lordships of Jungnau and Trochtelfingen
 * 1559: Territories divided upon death of Frederick III between his sons, Joachim (Heiligenberg line) & Christopher (Kinzigthal line)
 * 1614: Kinzigthal line divided between Wratislaw II (Moskirch line) amd Frederick (Stuhlingen line)


 * Possessions
 * County of Heiligenberg
 * Landraviate in the Baar
 * Landgraviate of Stuhlingen
 * Lordship of Hausen
 * Lordship of Jungnau
 * Lordship of Moskirch
 * Lordship of Trochtelfingen


 * Furstenberg Lines
 * Furstenberg
 * 1283/84: Fürstenberg-Villingen-Urach-Haslach (Count, ext. 1386)
 * 1408: Fürstenberg-Wolfach (Count, ext. 1490)
 * 1441: Furstenberg-Geisingen (Count)
 * 1559: Furstenberg-Heiligenberg (Count) & Furstenberg-Kinzigthal
 * 1705: Furstenberg-Weitra
 * 1762: Furstenberg-Stuhlingen (Prince) & Fürstenberg-Pürglitz (Prince)
 * Furstenberg-Kinzigthal (Count)
 * 1599: Furstenberg-Blomberg (Count) & Furstenberg-Mohringen (Count, ext.1641)
 * Furstenberg-Blomberg (Count)
 * 1614: Furstenberg-Mosskirch (Count, Landgrave, Prince, ext. 1744) & Furstenberg-Stuhlingen
 * Furstenberg-Heiligenberg (Count, Landgrave, Prince, ext 1716)
 * 1617: Furstenberg-Donaueschingen (Count)
 * Furstenberg-Weitra (Count, Landgrave)
 * 1759: Furstenberg-Bohemia Line (Landgrave,) & Furstenberg-Moravia Line (Landgrave, ext. 1866)


 * References
 * Furstenberg
 * Sovereigns in Germany

Principality of Halberstadt

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Hanau

 * Titles: Count of Hanau, Rhineck and Zweibrücken, Lord of Münzenberg, Lichtenberg and Ochsenhausen


 * 1243: 1st mention of Hanau castle
 * 1255: Acquired Lordship of Munzenberg
 * 1429: HRE County
 * 1451: Division into Hanau-Munzenberg and Hanau-Lichtenberg on the death of Count Reinhard
 * 1458: Division into Hanau-Babenhausen, Hanau-Munzenberg and Hanau-Lichtenberg
 * 1480:Acquired Lordship of Lichtenberg
 * 1642: Hanau-Munzenberg and Hanau-Lichtenberg were reunited when the elder line became extinct
 * 1696: Hanau-Lichtenberg received the HRE Prince rank
 * 1736: Hanau-Lichtenberg line became extinct and passed to Hesse-Darmstadt
 * 1785: Hanau was united to Hesse-Kassel
 * 1803: HRE Principality of Hanau
 * 1803: To France
 * 1810: Grand Duchy of Frankfurt
 * 1815: To Hesse-Kassel
 * 1866: To Prussia


 * Hanau Lines
 * Hanau-Babenhausen
 * Hanau-Lichtenberg
 * Hanau-Munzenberg


 * References
 * History of Hanau

Principality of Hanau-Lichtenberg
1429: County 1642: Inherited extinct line of Hanau-Munzenberg 1696: HRE Principality 1736: Line extinct; divided between Hesse-Darmstadt and Mainz 1785: United to Hesse-Kassel

Principality of Hatzfeld

 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hatzfeld-Gleichen-Trachenberg, Baron of Wildenburg, Lord of Crottorf, Schönstein, Kranichfeld, Blankenhain, etc.

Chronology

 * 1138: 1st mention of Hatzfeld family
 * Lordship
 * 1380/1430: Acquired lordship of Wildenburg by marriage
 * B/w 1300s & 1500's?: Acquired lordship of Crottorf by marriage
 * 1418: Line extinct; territory passed to Hatzfeld by female succession
 * 1635: Melchior of Harzfeld (1593-1658), imperial general in the Thirty Years' War, was made an imperial count; HRE County of Hatzfeld
 * 1639: Acquired Gleichen
 * 1640: Imperial estate; immediate HRE Counts of Gleichen
 * 1641: Acquired the Silesian lordship of Trachenberg
 * 1741: Frederick II of Prussia raised Hatzfeld counts to non-immediate Princes of Trachenberg in Prussia
 * 1748: HRE Principality
 * 1806: To Grand Duchy of Berg
 * 1815: To Prussia


 * Hatfeld Lines
 * Hatzfeld-Trachenberg
 * 1748: HRE Prince
 * 1803: Prussian princely status confirmed
 * Hatzfeld-Wildenburg
 * 1870: Prussian prince


 * References
 * Hatzfeld Brothers Biographies
 * The Lords of Hatzfeld

Principality of Hersfeld

 * 769: Abbey founded
 * 1648: Abbey of Hersfeld secularized, given to Hesse-Kassel by Treaty of Wesphalia
 * 1648: Principality of Hersfeld
 * 1648: Secularized to Hesse-Kassel
 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Hohenlohe

 * 1764: HRE Principality
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Gleichen, Lord of Langenburg & Kranichfeld
 * Lines
 * Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Ingelfingen
 * Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Kirchberg
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Gleichen, Lord of Langenburg & Kranichfeld
 * Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Langenburg
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Gleichen, Lord of Langenburg & Kranichfeld
 * Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Gleichen, Lord of Langenburg & Kranichfeld
 * Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Waldenburg, Lord of Langenburg
 * Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Jagstberg
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Waldenburg, Lord of Langenburg
 * Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst
 * 1744: HRE Princes
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenlohe, Count of Waldenburg, Lord of Schillingsfürst & Langenburg

Principality of Hohenzollern

 * Titles: HRE Prince of Hohenzollern, Burgrave of Nuremberg [Nürnberg], Count of Sigmaringen & Vöringen, Count of Berg, Lord of Haigerloch & Werstein, etc.
 * 1623: HRE Principality


 * References
 * Regents of Hohenzollern

Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen

 * 1653: HRE Principality
 * References
 * 

Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

 * References
 * 

Principality of Isenburg

 * Title: HRE Prince of Isenburg
 * c1100: Division into Isenburg-Limburg and Isenburg-Kempenich
 * 1137: Partitioned into Isenburg-Isenburg and Isenburg-Limburg-Covern
 * 1442: County of Budingen and Isenburg
 * 1673: Division into Isenburg, Birstein, Isenburg-Marienborn, Isenburg-Meerholz, Isenburg-Wachtersbach
 * 1806: Joined Confederation of the Rhine

Principality of Isenburg-Birstein

 * 1511: County of Birstein
 * 1635-1643: Occupied by Hesse-Darmstadt
 * 1744: HRE Principality
 * 1806: Acquired the mediatized Isenburg-Budingen, Isenburg-Meerholz, Isenburg-Philippseich and Isenburg-Wachtersbach
 * 1806: Joined the Confederation of the Rhine
 * 1810: French occupation
 * 1813: Austrian administration
 * 1816: Annexed by Hesse-Darmstadt
 * ?: Sovereign Principality

Principality of Isenburg-Budingen

 * 1442: HRE Count
 * 1131: ist mention of Gerlach I as Lord of Budingen
 * 1219: 1st mention of Budingen castle
 * 1240: Line died out; territory jointly inherited by Lords of Breuberg and Isenburg
 * 1323: Breuberg lords died out; Isenburg inherited Budingen territory
 * 1442: HRE County
 * 1511: Partitioned into Isenburg-Budingen-Birstein and Isenburg-Ronneburg (extinct 1601) Partitioned into Isenburg-Budingen, Isenburg-Meerholz and Isenburg-Wachtersbach
 * 1806: Mediatized to Isenburg
 * 1816: To Hesse-Darmstadt
 * Area: 3.5 sq. mi.; Pop. (1600s): 10,000

Principality of Kammin

 * Kamin, Cammin
 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Leiningen

 * Titles: Prince of Leiningen, Count-Palatine of Mosbach, Lord of Miltenberg, Amorbach, Düren, Bischofsheim, Hardheim & Lauda, etc
 * Lines
 * Leiningen-Hardenburg/Hartenburg
 * 1779: HRE Prince


 * References
 * County & Counts of Leiningen
 * Divisions of Leiningen
 * Princes and Counts of Leiningen
 * The Principality of Leiningen Under New Rulers

Principality of Leyen-Hohengeroldseck

 * Titles: " HRE Prince of and at Leyen & Hohengeroldseck, Baron of Adendorf, Lord of Bliescastel, Burrweiler, Münchweiler,Orterbach, Niewern, Saffig, Ahrenfels, Bongard, Simpelfeld, etc)''
 * c1420: Partitioned into Neustadt and Saffig
 * 1653 HRE Barons
 * 1667 owners of immediate knightly possession of Burrweiler.
 * 1705 immediate Lords of Hohenheroldseck.
 * 1711 HRE Counts.
 * 1711 Imperial Estate.
 * 1806 Princes

Titles

 * Titles: Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein, Duke of Troppau & Jägerndorf, Count of Rietberg, etc
 * Titles: HRE Prince & Ruler of the House of & at Liechtenstein, Duke in Silesia at Troppau & Jägerndorf, Count of Rietberg

Chronology
<!---====List of Rulers==== COUNTY of VADUZ SCHELLENBERG Marquard I......................................fl. c. 1267 with... Henry I.........................................fl. c. 1267 Marquard II.....................................fl. c. 1300 Ulrich..........................................fl. c. 1300 Schwigger.......................................fl. c. 1303 with... Marquard III....................................fl. c. 1303 and... Henry II........................................fl. c. 1303 Henry III.......................................fl. c. 1318 with... Egilolf.........................................fl. c. 1318 Henry IV........................................... ? -1350 with... Albert............................................. ? -1350 WERDENBERG Hartmann III......................................1350-1354 Rudolph IV........................................1354-1367 with... Hartmann IV.......................................1354-1416 and... Henry VII.........................................1354-1397 BRANDIS Wolfhard I........................................1416-1456 Ulrich (II).......................................1456-1486 with... Wolfhard II.......................................1456- < 1486 and... Sigmund...........................................1456-1487 with... Louis.............................................1486-1507 and... Sigmund II........................................1486-1507 SULZ Rudolph V.........................................1507-1535 John Louis I......................................1535-1566 Alwig XI..........................................1566-1572 with... William...........................................1566-1569 Rudolph VIII......................................1572-1611 John III..........................................1611-1613 d. 1617 HOHENEMS Caspar............................................1613-1638 Jacob Hannibal II.................................1638-1646 Francis William I.................................1646-1662 Ferdinand Charles.................................1662-1686 with... Jacob Hannibal III Frederick......................1662-1712 d. 1730 and... Francis William II................................1662-1691 and then... Francis William Maximilian Charles Posthumous.....1691-1712 d. 1759 The title of Hohenems-Vaduz persisted in purely nominal form until the extinction of that branch of the family in 1766. PRINCIPALITY of LIECHTENSTEIN (from 1719) LIECHTENSTEIN John Adam I..................................1699/1712-1712 Anthony Florian............................(1712-)1719-1721 Joseph............................................1721-1732 John Charles......................................1732-1748 Wenceslaus........................................1748-1772 Francis Joseph I..................................1772-1781 Aloysius I........................................1781-1805 John I............................................1805-1836 Aloysius II.......................................1836-1858 John II...........................................1858-1929 Francis...........................................1929-1938 Francis Joseph II.................................1938-1989 John Adam II......................................1989--->
 * 1200's: Lines of Liechtenstein-Murau (ext.1619) and Liechtenstein-Nikolsburg
 * 1608/1623: HRE Princely rank for Liechtenstein family
 * 1613: non-immediate Dukes in Silesia at Troppau.
 * 1623: non-immediate Dukes in Silesia at Jägerndorf.
 * 1633: non-immediate Princes of Liechtenstein.
 * 1699: Purchased Lordship of Schellenberg
 * 1699: immediate Lords of Schellenberg.
 * 1707: Estate of the Swabia Imperial Circle (for Vaduz)/Admission to College of Princes of Swabia
 * 1712: Purchased County of Vaduz
 * 1712: immediate Lords of Vaduz
 * 1712: Principality of Liechtenstein
 * 1713: HRE Council of Princes
 * 1719: HRE Principality
 * 1719: Establishment of the Principality of Liechtenstein from Hohenems-Vaduz and Schellenberg Joined the Confederation of the Rhine
 * 1815: Joined the German Confederation
 * Area: 157 sq.km.

Famous Members

 * Ulrich of Liechtenstein (1200-1275) the Minnesanger (Troubadour)

Principality of Lippe

 * 1905, 146,000
 * 1789: Principality of Lippe
 * 1815-1866: Part of German Confederation
 * 1871: Joined German Empire


 * Reference
 * Lippe
 * Lippe Chronology
 * Principality of Lippe-Detmold

Princes Lobkowicz
<!--"Emperor Charles IV called his possessions in the Upper Palatinate “Neuböhmen” (the New Bohemia). Based in Neustadt an der  Waldnaab, a princely family which ruled for 250 years was one of the most important Bohemian noble families--the Lobkowitz. The Lobkowitz appeared in Neustadt an der Waldnaab and Waldthurn feudal lords and possesses to this very day an excellent reputation as its former rulers. The line of the Lobkowitz of Chlumetz came from the nobility of Bohemia and used these possessions in the Upper Palatinate and in the German Empire as the foundation for elevation into the imperial princely rank.  Great political importance was attached to these cities and villages because of their location in the border with Bohemia. The origin of the age-old Czech house of Lobkowitz is lost in the darkness of history.  It appeared only at the beginning 15th century under the name Lobkowitz, when Nikolaus of Ujezd, nicknamed Chudy (Arm), called himself from the castle of Lobkowitz that his father acquired. Under the Premyslid and the Luxemburg dynasties of Bohemia, the family received honours and fortune, including elevation to the rank of imperial barons. In 1418, King Wenceslaus IV pawned to his favourite, Nikolaus of Lobkowitz (d.1435), the castle of Hassenstein. When Nikolaus died Nikolaus II received Hassenstein while his other son Johann got Popel Lobkovic. These two are founders of the Lobkowits-Hassenstein and Popel Lobkowitz lines. The Hassenstein line died out during the 30 Years' War while the Popel line ivided into two branches later, the line ending with the death of Udalrich Felix Popel, Count of Lobkowitz, in 1722. In 1562: Emperor Ferdinand I gave Ladislaus II the Elder (born 1501), the Heideck possessions of Neustadt and Sternstein in fief. Thus new city came for the first time with the böhmischen aristocracy sex into contact. At this time Ladislaus II was the Kingdom of Bohemia's "Appelationspräsident" and highest court marshal. Since these new possessions were out of Bohemia, the Lobkowitz qualified later for a seat and voice in the Reichstag. 1584: Ladislaus II died and was succeeded by his son, Ladislaus IV, the Younger (d.1621). He also held high positions in the Bohemian royal court. He was succeeded by his son Ladislaus Jules. 1624: Emperor Ferdinand II elevated Zdenko Adalbert (d.1628) to HRE Prince. In 1599 Zdenko Adalbert was appointed Chancellor of Bohemia after a 31-year service in the royal court. ?: Zdenko Adalbert married Polyxena of Rosenberg, nee von Pernstein, who brought substantial possessions such as Raudnitz Castle and Nelahozeves, Lobkowitz Palace in Prager Castle and Schreckenstein Castle. It was it also, which saved and maintained the böhmischen aristocrats after the Prager Fenstersturz 1618 into its house. In addition the admiration of the “Prager Jesuleins” stands in a close relationship with it. This got it from its nut/mother with its first marriage, with William of Rosenberg, as gift. From the marriage of Zdenko Adalbert and Polyxena a son followed: Wenzel Eusebius, born 1609. It should ascend to the most powerful positions, which one Lobkowitzer each had reached. Wenzel Eusebius received a very good education, learned Spanish and to Italian and traveled much to Europe around. During the 30jährigen of war it served under Wallenstein and led successful campaigns. Due to its successes and its large diplomatic fate he became from the Colonel, over whom general field marshal to up promotes 1652 to president of the yard war council in the year. At the Austrian emperor yard in Vienna one estimated its numerous connections and he worked itself to an important councellor up. Among emperors Leopold I. ascended Wenzel Eusebius to the first secret advice and deputy of the emperor. The emperor trusted the böhmischen aristocracy man with his unverrückbaren resolutions and his loyalty. In this position Wenzel Eusebius had naturally also a great many envious people and opponents. Intriegen from lust for power were forged against it and 1674 it by the Hofe in Vienna after Raudnitz were referred. There it also 1677 died. In connection with Wenzel Eusebius is also the second marriage with Augusta Sophie, Pfalzgräfin of Sulzbach, in the year 1653 very important. The 30jährige war ended 1648, but was catholic and Evangelist the both bearings, nor for a long time does not ausgesöhnt. But why now married the Wenzel Eusebius, catholic and emperor-faithfully, active at the Viennese emperor yard, devoted and always to services of the Habsburger, an Evangelist one? In the today's time no sensation - nevertheless before 300 years this marriage must have other one, national political reasons. Augusta Sophie originated not only from an Evangelist parents' house, but in addition at the Hofe of the Swedish king Gustav Adolf was still educated. He was finally the large opponent of the catholic side. And now marries the deputy emperors this woman. National political considerations a role must have played and perhaps wanted the emperor with the marriage of Wenzel Eusebius with Augusta Sophie also an indication of the reconciliation to set. The wife of Wenzel Eusebius selected as residence Neustadt an der Waldnaab. On the one hand it was thereby not far from their family and in addition did not have to step it not into the services at the Hofe of the empress into Vienna. Augusta Sophie remained always faithful for its Protestant faith. It furnished itself a small chapel in the house beside the “old person lock” and by an Evangelist clergyman from raft was seelsorgerisch cared for. For the catholic clergyman in new city it stickte measuring garbs. Naturally their husband tried to convince it of the “right faith”. Jesuiten were sent after new city, around which princess umzustimmen. But Augusta Sophie remained faithful for the Evangelist faith and educated its children after the will of their husband catholic. Due to the high political offices Wenzel Eusebius very often stayed in Vienna and Prague. He came only rarely to new city over to that rights to see. Therefore Augusta Sophie became the actual Regentin of new city and Waldthurn. 1673 handed their Wenzel over Eusebius also officially the Regierungsgeschäfte. After the death of its husband 1677 them remained still some years in new city, pulled then after Nuremberg and deceased there 1682. Successor of Wenzel Eusebius its son Ferdinand August Leopold, born on 7 September 1655 in new city. It decided for a lock new building in new city, which also 1698 began. Unfortunately the fürstliche family from new city withdrew itself to its böhmischen goods in the year 1707. The new building went only slowly in front and at the end only one wing of the planned three was finished placed. Ferdinand Leopold August deceased 1715 in Raudnitz and its son Phillip Hyacinth began the follow-up. Phillip Hyacinth married the last one of the sex from the house Lobkowitz Bilin with 23 years Eleonore Karoline. Thus still further considerable goods were added to the already existing. The marriage remained childless, since its son Ferdinand deceased with his birth 1704. Also the princess had to die young with 35 years 1720. The Komtesse Anna Maria Wilhelmine, Gräfin von Althan, was the second wife of Phillip Hyacinth. This marriage was gesegnet with six children, under it also the later successor of the prince house, Wenzel Ferdinand, more. Phillip Hyacinth deceased with 54 years 1734 in Vienna. At this time its son Wenzel Ferdinand only 11 was years old. Thus its nut/mother had to take over the guardianship. Already five years later also he deceased. The still relatively young widow remained not for a long time alone and married themselves the count Joseph Gundacker to Althan. By it now the palace Lobkowitz comes into Vienna into the possession of the Lobkowitzer. The regency in the prince house Lobkowitz takes over for that young the deceased Wenzel Ferdinand its brother Ferdinand Phillip Joseph, born on 27 April 1724. Under empress Maria Theresia become of age, determines now he, what from now on happens. Also it visits its possessions in the Upper Palatinate more frequently. Ferdinand Phillip Joseph marries relatively late with 45 years Maria Gabriele, Herzogin von Savoyen Carignan. With 60 years, when its only son was straight 12 years old Franz Joseph Maximilian, it died. Unfortunately now the distance of the princes became Lobkowitz new city and Waldthurn ever more largely. Franz Joseph Maximilian lived in Vienna and was a large music lover. It supported Ludwig van Beethoven financially with its stay in Vienna. Beethoven dedicated some compositions to the prince, among them also the “Eroica” and a song circle. At the beginning of of June 1804 was played twice for a test the third Symphonie, the Eroica, in the festival room of the palace Lobkowitz in Vienna and specified at least once in private framework, thus still before the public premiere 1805. Naturally the influence of the emperor city Vienna, one of the centers of the world at that time was very large, also on the princes Lobkowitz and released it also not more. With the year 1806 the rule of the Lobkowitzer in the Upper Palatinate ended. Prince Franz Joseph Maximilian sold the rule new city breakdown stone to 1807 to the Kingdom of Bavaria. It died at the age of 44 years in December 1816."-->


 * Possessions of Princes Lobkowicz in Upper Palatinate
 * Neustadt an der Waldnaab
 * Störnstein
 * Waldthurn
 * Schönsee


 * Famous Members
 * Wenzel Eusebius of Lobkowitz
 * Augusta Sophie of Palatinate-Sulzbach
 * References
 * History of the Lobkowicz Family
 * Lobkowicz Family Chronology
 * Melnik Castle

Principality of Lowenstein

 * Titles: HRE Count of Löwenstein, Wertheim, Rochefort, Montaigu, Limpurg, Virneburg, Gaildorf, Supreme Prince of Chassepierre/Chaisepierre, Lord of Scharfeneck, Breuberg, Herbeumont/Herbimont, Neufchâteau


 * 1123: Lowenstein founded by the Counts of Calw
 * ?-1281: To a branch of the Counts of Calw
 * 1281: German King Rudolf I purchased Lowenstein from Counts of Calw
 * 1282: Rudolf I gave Lowenstein to his natural son Albert
 * 1441: Henry of Lowenstein-Habsburg sold it to the Elector Palatine Frederick I
 * 1476: Louis I (1463-1524) invested with Lowenstein (with Heilbronn)
 * ?: Louis III of Lowenstein (1530-1611)married Anna, heiress of the Counts of Stolberg-Konigstein-Wertheim and inherited the County of Wertheim and other lands
 * 1471: County of Lowenstein
 * 1494: Emperor Maximilian I raised Lowenstein to HRE County
 * 1580: Count of Lowenstein-Wertheim
 * ?: Marriage of Christoph Luwdig (1568-1618) to Elizabeth of Manderscheid-Virneburg
 * 1611: Division into Löwenstein Wertheim Virneburg & Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
 * 1711: Principality of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
 * 1712: HRE Principality
 * ?: Acquired Lordship of Haid in Bohemia
 * 1713: Seat and voice in the Imperial College of Princes
 * 1730: Prince Dominik Marquard bought the Lordship of Rosenberg from Cout Franz of Hatzfeld
 * 1803: Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, instead of Rochefort
 * 1803: Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg, instead of Virneburg
 * 1806: Mediatized
 * 1812: King of Bavaria elevated Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg to rank of prince in Bavaria
 * Area: 53 sq. mi.


 * County of Lowenstein-Habsburg


 * Lowenstein possesions, when mediatized in 1806, located in Bavaria, Wurttemberg. Baden, & Hesse, consisted of:
 * County of Lowenstein
 * County of Wertheim
 * Lordship of Triefenstein (jointly owned)
 * Lordship of Limpurg-Sonhteim-Michelbach
 * County of Umpfenbach
 * Estates of Patzau & Lukawetz (Freudenberg line)
 * Lordship of Heubach (Rosenberg line)
 * Lordship of Rothenfels (Rosenberg line)
 * Lordship of Neustadt (Rosenberg line)
 * Lordship of Rosenberg (Rosenberg line)
 * Lordship of Habizheim (Rosenberg line)
 * Lordship of Nausess (Rosenberg line)
 * Lines
 * Lowenstein-Scharfeneck
 * Lowenstein-Wertheim
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Löwenstein and Wertheim, Count of Rochefort, Montaigu, Supreme Prince of Chassepierre/Chaisepierre, Lord of Scharfeneck, Breuberg, Herbeumont/Herbimont, Neufchâteau, Kerpen and Kasselburg
 * 1500: Franconian Circle
 * 1611: Division into Lowenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort and Lowenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg
 * 1803: HRE Pricipality
 * 1806: To the Prince-Primate Karl Theodor von Dalberg
 * Lowenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg
 * 1812: HRE Principality
 * Lowenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
 * Titles: HRE Prince of Löwenstein and Wertheim, Count of Rochefort, Montaigu, Supreme Prince of Chassepierre, Lord of Scharfeneck, Breuberg, Herbeumont, Neufchâteau, Kerpen & Kasselburg
 * 1712: HRE Principality
 * Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
 * HRE Principality
 * Lowenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg


 * References
 * Count of Lowenstein
 * Counts of Wertheim
 * The History of the County of Lowenstein and the Counts of Lowenstein-Habsburg
 * Lowenstein
 * Lowenstein-Wertheim
 * Regnal Chronologies


 * Pictures
 * Louis I of Lowenstein

Principality of Mors

 * 1707: Principality

Principality of Orange

 * Nassau-Orange
 * 1376: HRE Prince

Principality of Palatinate-Birkenfeld

 * 1444: Part of Zweibrucken
 * 1569: County
 * 1817: Principality
 * 1801: Annexed by France
 * 1816: Prussian rule
 * 1817: Principality of Birkenfeld in personal union with Oldenburg


 * References
 * History of Birkenfeld

Principlaity of Palatinate-Kaiserslauten

 * Palatinate-Lautern

Principality of Palatinate-Zweibrucken

 * Rulers
 * 1398-1410 Rupprecht
 * 1410-1444 Stephan
 * 1444-1489 Ludwig I
 * 1489-1514 Alexander
 * 1514-1532 Ludwig II
 * 1532-1569 Wolfgang
 * 1569-1604 Johann I
 * 1604-1635 Johann II
 * 1635-1661 Friedrich
 * 1661-1681 Friedrich Ludwig
 * 1681-1697 Karl XI
 * 1697-1718 Karl XII
 * 1718-1731 Gustav Samuel Leopold
 * 1731-1735 Christian III
 * 1735-1775 Christian IV
 * 1775-1795 Carl II August
 * 1795???? Maximilian I Joseph


 * References
 * History of Zweibrucken

Principality of Reuss

 * Reuß
 * 1673: Imperial County
 * References
 * Reuss Family Tree

Principality of Reuss-Gera

 * (Ger. Reuß-Gera or Reuß [jüngere Linie)
 * 1905--318 sq.mi.; 144,600
 * 1600s: Reuss-Gera divided into Reuss-Gera, Reuss-Schleiz and Reuss-Lobenstein
 * 1673: The Emperor elevated the heads of the 3 lines to "Reichsgraf," or Imperial Count
 * Reference
 * Principalities of Reuss - Elder and Junior Lines
 * (German) Gera Rulers List

Principality of Reuss-Greiz

 * (Ger. Reuß-Greiz or Reuß ältere Linie)
 * Title: Prince Reuss, Count and Lord of Plauen, Lord of Greiz, Kranichfeld, Gera, Schleiz & Lobenstein
 * 1905--122 sq.mi.; 70,600
 * 1625: Divided into Ober-Greiz & Unter-Greiz
 * 1768: Ober-Greiz & Unter-Greiz reunited
 * 1778: Elevated to Prince
 * Reference
 * Principalities of Reuss - Elder and Junior Lines

Principality of Reuss-Lobenstein

 * Title: Prince Reuss, Count and Lord of Plauen, Lord of Greiz, Kranichfeld, Gera, Schleiz & Lobenstein
 * 1673: County of Reuss
 * 1790: HRE Prince

Principality of Rheina-Wolbeck

 * To 1082: Part of Bishopric of Munster
 * 1802: Principality of Rheina-Wolbeck
 * 1806: To Grand Duchy of Berg
 * 1811: Annexed to France
 * 1815: To Prussia


 * Princes of Rheina-Wolbeck
 * 1802-1803: Wilhelm Joseph Alexander Herzog of Looz-Corswarem
 * 1803-1806: Joseph Arnold
 * Reference
 * German States
 * Rheina-Wolbeck

Principality of Rugen

 * 995-1025: Under Polish suzerainty
 * 1124-1227: County of Schlawe & Stolp under Pomeranian prince Ratibor I & his descendants
 * 1227: Swantopelk II of Pomerelia took Schlawe & Stolp after death of Ratibor II
 * 1270: "Principality" of Rugen acquired Schlawe & Stolp in pledge
 * 1277: Rugen sold Schlawe & Stolp to Brandenburg
 * 1307: Brandenburg inherited County of Schlawe, Stolp & Lauenburg when line of Prince Mestwin II of Pomeralia died out
 * 1317: Wartislaw IV of Pomerania acquired Schlawe & Stolp from Margrave Valdemar of Brandenburg
 * 1318-1341: Schlawe and Stolp pledged to Teutonic Knights


 * Reference
 * The History of Rugenwalde

Principality of Salm

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

States of Salm

 * County OF Salm (1019 - 1165)
 * County OF Lower Salm (1165 - 1416)
 * County OF Salm Reifferscheid (1416 - 1639)
 * County OF Salm Reifferscheid Bedbur (1639 - 1803)
 * County OF Salm Reifferscheid Dyck (1639 - 1806)
 * County OF Salm Reifferscheid Hainsbach (1734 - 1811)
 * County OF Salm Reifferscheid Krautheim (1803 - 1804)
 * Principality OF Salm Reifferscheid Krautheim (1804 - 1806)
 * County OF Salm Reifferscheid Raitz (1734 - 1790)
 * Principality OF Salm Reifferscheid Raitz (1790 - 1811)
 * County OF Upper Salm (1165 - 1499)
 * County OF Salm Badenweiler (1431 - 1600)
 * County OF Salm Blankenburg (1246 - 1506)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Dhaun (1499 - 1748)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Grumbach (1561 - 1803)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Hoogstraten (1696 - 1739)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Horstmar (1803 - 1813)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Kyrburg (1499 - 1681)
 * Principality OF Salm Kyrburg (1743 - 1813)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Leuze (1696 - 1742)
 * Principality OF Salm Leuze (1742 - 1743)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate Salm Mörchingen (1607 - 1688)
 * County OF Salm Neuburg (1520 - 1784) (Titular from the 16th Century)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Neuweiler (1608 - 1696)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Puttlingen (1697 - 1750)
 * Wild and Rhinegraviate OF Salm Salm (1574 - 1738)
 * Principality OF Salm Salm (1739 - 1813)


 * References
 * Count of Salm and States of Salm

Principality of Salm-Horstmar

 * Forest and Rhine Count of Salm in Horstmar
 * 1269: Part of Bishopric of Munster
 * Acquired County of Horstmar in Prussia and part of the County of Limpurg in Wurttemberg
 * 1806: Annexed to Berg
 * 1810: Annexed by France
 * 1815: To Prussia
 * 1816: Prince of Salm-Horstmar in Prussia
 * Reference
 * Principality of Salm-Horstmar

Principality of Saxe-Meiningen

 * Reference
 * Saxe-Meiningen Rulers' Biography

Principality of Sayn

 * References
 * History of the House of Sayn
 * Sayn Web Site

Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe

 * 1905-131 sq.mi.; 45,000
 * 1807: Joined Confederation of the Rhine


 * References
 * Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
 * Schaumburg-Lippe

Principality of Schonburg (Schönburg)

 * Titles:
 * Princes of Schonburg-Hartenstein
 * Prince of Schonburg, Count and Lord of Schönburg, Count and Lord of Glauchau and Waldenburg, etc.


 * Schönburg Lines
 * Schönburg-Waldenburg
 * Schönburg-Hartenstein


 * "Mediate possessions included several lordships in Saxony, the most important being those of Glauchau, Hartenstein and Waldenburg and several lordships and lands in Bavaria, Moravia and Prussia."

1100's: First mention of Schoburg 1569: Divided into Lower Schonburg and Upper Schonburg 1700: Head of Upper Schonburg was made an Imperial Count 1700: Upper Schonburg divided into Schonburg-Hartenstein and Schonburg-Waldenburg 1790: HRE Prince


 * References
 * Schönburg Genealogy

Principality of Schwarzburg

 * 1792: In Council of Princes


 * Refereces
 * Genealogy of Counts of Warzburg
 * House Laws of Schwarzburg
 * Schwarzburg

Principality of Schwarzenberg

 * Titles:
 * HRE Prince of Schwarzenberg, Princely Landgrave of Klettgau, Count of Sulz, Duke of Krummau, Lord of Gimborn
 * 1782: HRE Prince of Schwarzenberg, Princely Landgrave of Klettgau, Count of Sulz, Duke of Krummau


 * Mediate possessions included: the Princely County of Schwarzenberg and several other lordships in Bavaria;  the Duchy of Krumau, several lordships and lands in Bohemia; several lordships, lands and castles in Hungary, Lower and Upper Austria and in Styria; and the County of Sulz in Wurttemberg.


 * 1100's: First mention of Schwarzenberg
 * ?: Immediate Lords of Seinsheim and Schwarzenberg
 * 1429: HRE Barons
 * 1599: HRE Count
 * 1631-1782: Immediate Lords of Neustadt and Gimborn
 * 1670 or 1671: HRE Prince
 * 1674: Estate of the Franconian Imperial Circle in the bench of Princes
 * 1682: Estate of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian Imperial Circle (for Neustadt & Gimborn)
 * 1702: the College of the Counts of Swabia (for Neustadt & Gimborn)
 * 1723: non-immediate Dukes of Krummau (in Moravia) )

Principality of Schwerin

 * 1792: In Council of Princes

Principality of Waldeck-Pyrmont

 * 1910--433 sq.mi. (Pyrmont-26 sq.mi); 61,723
 * 1625: Union of Waldck & Pyrmont
 * 1815: Waldeck joined German Confederation
 * 1866: Waldeck joined North German Confederation
 * References
 *