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Termination factor draft
Mechanisms that regulate the transcript termination in E.coli

Rho-Independent termination is the most effective terminator that occurs in E.coli. Rho appears at Characteristic Sequences that have two features, U residues and rich region of GC. It starts its function by binding to a sequence called a rut site in the RNA. After that it translocate through the RNA to catch up with the RNA polymerase. When the RNA polymerase reach the rich GC region of the gene being transcribed, the transcribed RNA binds to itself which forming a stem-loop. This stem- loop interact with the RNA polymerase resulting in pausing the transcription. After stalling the transcript the base-paring between the U residues in RNA and the A nucleotides in the template DNA causes an unstable complementary that make the enzyme to fall off and release the new RNA transcription.

Rho-Dependent termination is depending on how fast Rho can moves during the transcription to catch up with the RNA polymerase to activate the termination process. Along with Rho movement there is a transcription stop point in the DNA that help Rho to catch up with the polymerase. To initiate, Rho bind to a specific sequence in the RNA and climbing up toward RNA polymerase. After catching up with polymerase Rho tears RNA and the template DNA strand apart, so the RNA released and the transcription stopped.

Rho Translocation

In order to work efficiently and accurately Rho factor needs a movement pathway. Tethered tracking is thought to be the main pathway for Rho factor translocation through the RNA. During the translocation, this mechanism ensures that the subset of subunits remain sequentially cross-linked to each other by the RNA chain running between the PBS sites.

Editing an Article (Termination Factor)
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Tethered tracking is the main mechanism that regulate the process of Rho factor translocation which result in RNA transcript termination. In order to start the termination Rho has to bind with the RNA which result in the decreasing of the extension and it decreasing more in the present of ATP.

- The stem-loop that structure in the self-complementary region of the RNA interact with the RNA polymerase to pause the transcription.