User:Ramberg090/chem E car rough

Chem-e-Car is an annual college competition for students majoring in Chemical Engineering. In this competition, students must design small-scale automobiles that operate by chemical means, along with a poster describing their research. During the competition, they must drive their car a fixed distance (judged on how close the car is to the finish line) down a wedge-shaped course in order to demonstrate its capabilities. In addition to driving a specified distance, they must also hold a payload of 0-500mL of water. The exact distance (15-30m) and payload is given one hour before the competition. The size of designed cars cannot exceed certain specifications and cars must operate using "green" methods, which do not release any pollution or waste in the form of a visible liquid or gas, such as exhaust. This competition is hosted in the USA by AIChE (American Institute of Chemical Engineers), and winners of the competitions receive various awards, depending on how they placed. The current rules for the competition may be found at ChemE Car Rules

Award
Regional competition awards(funded by AIChE)
 * 1st place - $200
 * 2nd place - $100

National competition awards(funded by Chevron)
 * 1st place - $2000
 * 2nd place - $1000
 * 3rd place - $500

Winners
The current National winners of the competition are
 * 1st - Northeastern University
 * 2nd - University of Puerto Rico
 * 3rd - Louisiana State University

National winners:


 * 2009 - Northeastern University
 * 2008 - Cornell University
 * 2007 - Cooper Union
 * 2006 - University of Puerto Rico
 * 2005 - Tennessee Tech University
 * 2004 - University of Tulsa
 * 2003 - University of Dayton
 * 2002 - University of Kentucky, Paducah
 * 2001 - Colorado State University
 * 2000 - University of Akron
 * 1999 - University of Michigan

Rules
The competition has a few basic rules (for specifics see AIChE's 2010 Chem-E-Car Competition rules):
 * No matter how your car runs, it must be friendly to the environment and have no visible gas/liquid emissions
 * The dimensions of the car must be no larger than 40cm x 30cm x 18cm (shoebox-sized)
 * The stopping mechanism has to be chemically controlled
 * No commercial batteries can directly power the car
 * The car can't exceed $2000 in construction

Poster
Each car is required to have a poster board explaining how the car runs (power source), some of its specific features, and how it's environmentally friendly. Judges score these posters on four different things : the description of the chemical reaction and power source (20%), the creativity of the design and its unique features (20%), environment and safety features (40%), and the overall quality of the poster, along with the team's presentation (20%). Only posters judged with a score of 70% or above may move on to the performance competition.

Example Reactions
Some ideas for chemical reactions have been using pressurized air(creating oxygen through a chemical reaction and allowing it to build pressure) or using electricity created by the dissolving of metals in certain acids(basic battery). One clever idea by Cooper Union Hall is to use a fuel cell (a cell that converts fuel to electricity via an electrochemical reaction) to power their car. Winners in this competition aren't determined by whether their car is faster or more powerful, but how accurate their chemical reaction to stop their vehicle is. This is quite difficult, especially when the weight of the car, and distance it has to travel are unknown until the day of the competition. So teams must find a method that is flexible enough to fit a range of payloads and distances, and reliable enough so it doesn't fail with real world variables (temperature, humidity, ect.). Winners in the past have had a variety of ways of dealing with this problem, such as an "iodine clock" reaction. This reaction works by using two clear solutions (many variations) that change color after a time delay (the exact time can be found experimentally). When applied to the car, the team used a simple photo sensor that could tell when the solutions changed color, at which point the cars power would shut off by cutting the circuit. While the process itself is somewhat simple, accounting for the unknown variables like the payload and distance would be quite difficult.