User:Ramu50/TEMP

= Major Solutions to AT Attachement; Discussion page = [size=8]Please Read[/size] This will answer more of your questions in the dicussion, understand that Wikipedia IS NOT A FAQ NOR IS IT A FORUM DISCUSSION AREA. Please provide facts, if you have doubts.

I suggested categorizing all of them together, it is getting way to messy.

ATA = IDE confusion - ATAPI != ATA IDE and ATA are the same thing? IDE != ATA?

PATA - EIDE=ATAPI? Parallel ATA Interface Parallel ATA cables transfer data 16 or 32 bits at a time." PATA vs. SATA use widespreadness

Master / Slave - master/slave terminology Six IDE units

Future - Future enhancements ATAPI 8

Answer is in Revolution - ATA standards table inconsistent

FAQ - What's the meaning of Ultra DMA/100, /133, etc... Compatibility	(DO NOT PUT "Improve this article" template, this is not a forum / FAQ)

SATA - comparing IDE/ATA speed with others

Totally irrelevant - ATA != UDMA Merge with Programmed input/output and WDMA (computer) -PIO and WDMA are totally different interface (they are in different stage of history, not appropriate)

Uncategorized Suggested fix for picture of cables HPA/DCO Show Proof -inconsistancy about int 13h extentions Questsions what is 40/80 physical connection? is cable select mandatory Three devices on a cable? "Maximum disk size" values wrong 2.5-inch drives? Missing in article ATA standards versions, transfer rates, and features Proposed that the "cable select" article be merged into this one Use of the phrase All but Apparent error in the "cable select" section. Inherent design flaws windows limitations Compatability between types size limits Passwords / security

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So I finally understand why is so much confusion and unanswer question and I have made some updates, please read the bottom paragraph before you continues. You'll understand why I decide to made the changes

The things are divided into the following
 * IDE & ATA confusion
 * The History (include IDE, EIDE, PATA)
 * The PC Age (the concept that you must understand)
 * Revolutionary changes (mobile influences, this is the part that 98% of the people in the university don't understand, I categorize them into 3 part for easier explanation)

Revolutionary Changes will include the following (it mainly is talking about how the ATAPI history is influence and what is actually happening now in the industry)
 * Peripherial Influences
 * HCI & other mobile interfaces influences including: USB, FireWire, eSATA...etc.
 * SSD influences

Note: There is 2 section where I introduce something that I think you should know as a common sense for involvement in the computing industry. Which


 * Short History (you must know this)
 * pre-Revolution Age (how ZIP drive, Media Drives is related to Multimedia industries and basic concept of why ATAPI didn't incldue this part)

IDE & ATA confusion - IDE (Integrated Device Electronics) Simply put it Integrated Device Electronics should only refer to add-ons hardware only. The reason why Hard Drive are considered as an IDE is because, Hard Drive itself intially is an essential part of PC that the computer MUST Have. However, since the solution to Storage, you can have a variety of options, instead pre-determined (meaning no options) therefore it is consider an "integrated." The term does seem quite self-contradictory, but it is not really not self-contradictory, becuase if you have no options, than it would be a very big problem for management, thus server wouldn't appear today at all.

Predetermined parts are like processors (where the design is limited, to architecture of the instruction such as Instruction Level Parallelism (aka Parallel Computing), Cluster Computing, Distributed computing...etc, but the changes are only in the internal parts, the external has really change, except for the material they use). The same go with RAM, only material have change.

Knowing what IDE are, let's move onto what is ATA. ATA is actually a 2 part word, AT (Advanced Technology) refer to the cable, Attachment meaning interface. ATAPI means (AT + API) or cable interface.

Now here the part where you HAVE TO FOCUS. IDE (refer to Hard Drive + any other mobile devices) ATAPI (cable interface) ATA (Advanced Technology = cable, Attachment = interface) ---usually in technology the virtual parts always come first before the hardware comes e.g. ATA + EIDE

The History - In the beginning of computer, they are no mobile devices at all, there is only mobile communications, use in the army. If you want to understand it works, you have to understand Telecommunications or you work for NASA space control communication, so its basically rocket science. As time progress PC got invented and thus gradually become a common household products thus mobile product pop-up.

PC Age IDE In the PC age, the only storage technology avaliable is Hard Drives (HDD), since they don't have the technology to build mobile devices yet, most ppl call the HDD an IDE product. Thus the cable interface was govern by ATAPI (Note Floppy Disks Drive (FDD) is considered a backup feature not a mobile devices, therefore you don't hear people calling a FDD an IDE product.) ---IDE Hard Drives (for BIOS interface uses LBA, ECHS) ---IDE transfer interface uses PIO, DMA Dominator: Western Digital, Iomgea ---Standard: IDE / ATA Standard

EIDE Then EIDE pop-up (it work exactly same as EISA), they just extended so it be backward compatible with previous IDE drives. Understand that the term EIDE, is an incorrect naming use by the people in the industry, it is definately not an extension to IDE, IDE only refer to mobile devices, the only reason that HDD is considered IDE, because we need a variety of management solutions. It would be more correctly to called it EATC (Extended Cable (AT) Connector). ---EIDE Hard Drives for BIOS (use primarily ECHS, Int 13h, Int 16) ---transfer interface: Ultra DMA Dominator: Seagate, Pheonix, Sony / Philips Minor: Toshiba, Hitachi --EIDE/ATA-2 Standard

PATA The term PATA, was not a popular term, not because of popularity. Because PATA (Parllel Cable (AT) Interface), means HDD that uses EIDE ONLY + Word DMA (Parallelism) interace. However, since EIDE was developed to be backward compatible, many manufactureres choose not to produce it, instead in the PATA age, most manufacturerers developed a built-in processor specifically for LBA & ECHS processing to promote the usage of prefetching, smart caching and other types of non-main memory as a way to promote the developement of virtualization beginning.

The end of the PATA age markup a revolutionary change in the industry. Because mobile solutions are discoverd. The ATAPI was accelerated at a unforseen stage of period, from the industry and there was a lot of rising concerns about specifications, certifications and enormous amounts of dispute and arguements. Storage technologies became a huge topics of whether investment should be in processor capabilites, storage interface for management, more technologies implementation or speed?

Short History Speed in history has not been a major factor at all, since all industry knows that the stability and management of low speeds can overtop faster speed easily, proven in UltraSPARC T2 uses 8 core (parallelism) vs IBM Cell + HP (which uses thousand of cores, base on distributed computing). Cluster Computing are still in research.

Many of the companies want to invest in Parallel computing, but most of them failed due to insufficient money, Sun Microsystems & IBM and possibly HP are the only 3 companies who can still hold on after the majort failure that almost crush their companies in huge amount of debt.)

pre-Revolution Age (ZIP / Tape Drives) So as PATA age ended, there was a little tide before mobile went into a bloom of cherry blossom. You guess it, it was the zip drives, however, since they are one of the shortest age in the storage history, there wasn't a standard developed, it was more of a hype.

As it ended almost 100% the society forgot them, except the guys in filming and hollywood because following Zipe Drive age came Peripherials + Mobile Flash Memory / NOR memory which has dominated for quite a long time and didn't end until this year was HD-DVD & Blur-ray are considered junk.

Most people don't know that Media Drives actually derived from Zip Drives technology, since the devleopement is mainly in the multimedia industry. However, the subject usually require more than one field of studys, therefore most people didn't understand at all. (e.g. video & audio connector require understanding of Digital, Analog, Sound, VoIP and broadcasting network infrastructure & display (CRT, LCD, Plasma, OLED, touchscreen), display production technologies (Aperture Grille)

by broadcasting network infrastructure I refert to the OSI model. (OSI layer 4 doesn't uses TCP / UDP, OSI layer 2 (physical) they have their own packets, see ATA over Ethernet for details).

(Summary): In most cases, where the specification is more relevant to other industry than the formal industry intended the association usually give the authorities to the World Class Organization such as ISO, World Wide Web Consortium, then the ISO usually would direct it towards small association in the industry such as MPAA or RIAA OR they would work together with the association, but in general ISO is only involve in the authorities process and deals mainly with World Wide problems in engineering section. Ethics and morality are not their responsibilities to enforce it.

Revolutinoary Age (Main -  So when ZIP drive ended. ATAPI was fully recognized, because it contain mobile standards which is originally intended for. The Storage standards divided into 3 parts: Peripherial (or media drive bays) and Mobile Devices. The third part is SSD (but you have understand Peripherial and Mobile Devices first).

Since no mobile technology was developed, management become a concern, and there was a huge demand for mobile devices, many of the chipset manufacturerer and storage technologies try to formulated a solution, which was building Host Controller Interface as a of way of offloading stress on the Southbridge. However, since the mobile competition was at a very strong tension, everybody want to own the market, many association privatize the authorization to make their standard, and that is why OHCI (FireWire of IEEE) & UHCI + EHCI (USB of USB Alliance) have so many problems in their driver. (Remeber this part, it will be referred later)

In the Peripherial, referring to Optical Drives (excluding media cards). Optical Drives is named optical, refers to the lazer technology it has nothing got to do with Fiber Optics. ATAPI was a mess just like Mobile Devices problem. MPAA, RIAA wanted Digital Right Managements, when the technology doesn't exist. (some of you may recall rumors hearing that Japanese invented disc that can't be copied in the music industry). However, no evidence is proven that could work. Note: ATAPI did specific the mini-disc (I think it was called mini-DVD that can fit into your CD/DVD---ROM, R, R + RW, I don't the industry invented Blu-ray. Anyhow, ATAPI suggested that using the previous developed cable interface before going to far all at once, but because many of the companies wanted privatization of authorization of standards for their own industry (referring to multimedia). They develope their own standards which up till now is still very foregin to computer experts who want to understand about multimedia.

Enormous amount of people blamed on the US Hollywood and US Governments for not being repsonbile for world economy. Because the multimedia developement could of easily accelerated since 80% are computer based, however, since the multimedia industry mess up the entire specification, for now it is totally unsure how the specification is going to turn out, unless the Wireless Communication help draw the line.

Proceeding to the disaster of Periphierals, then SATA connector was invented, interesting it join Host Controller Interface (aka AHCI). No one knows why, but many people guessed it was because that SATA could hold infinite drive and not to have a management system would be a disaster. However, the periphieral also got the attention and there was a huge attempt at trying to develop it, though many didn't succeed because they didn't listen to ATAPI which cause a lot of interface problem, thus 98% of them never made it to the market or in any news section on internet nor magazine.

Finally in SSD industry much of the company wanted to develop fast speed hardware to promote the industry before the investement in the interface can be started. Luckily the SSD industry was smart to use media drives interface (e.g. CompactFlash) via the ATAPI DMA interface since, LBA, ECHS and PIO are way too old. For now ATAPI association is still under consideration, because using DRAM for SSD is not a smart idea at all. ATAPI and many other world leaders believe they should develop their own resources, rather than using the resources which is not intended for thus causing uncessary damages (e.g. see Dell notebook incident). However, since HD is gradually becoming a part of consumer demand, it would be very hard to predict the turn out.

I will add File System later, maybe next week.

power connectors for IDE, EIDE

ATAPI
 * LBA, ECHS (BIOS interface for IDE + EIDE)
 * Int 13h, for new
 * PIO, DMA
 * UDMA,