User:Randychai/长廊

长廊

坐标 ： 39°59′49.6″N 116°16′15″E ﻿ / ﻿ 39.997111°N 116.27083°E ﻿ 长廊（ 拼音 ：Cháng Láng ）是在中国北京颐和园的有盖行人道. 在18世纪中叶建造，它的长度（728米），以其丰富的装饰画（超过14,000画结合）而闻名. 内容 * 1 历史 * 2 布局 * 3 装饰画 o 3.1 桃花源 o 3.2 孙悟空战哪吒 o 3.3 张飞大战马超 o 3.4 朱仙镇之战 o 3.5 岳飞枪挑小梁王 o 3.6 竹林七贤 o 3.7 长坂坡 o 3.8 三英战吕布 * 4 外部链接

[ 编辑 ] 历史

The Long Corridor was first built in 1750, when the Qianlong Emperor commissioned work to convert the area into an imperial garden.该长廊始建于1750年，当乾隆皇帝委托工作转换的皇家园林， The corridor was constructed so that the emperor's mother could enjoy a walk through the gardens protected from the elements.使皇帝的母亲可以通过走廊在花园散步. Like most of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridor was severely damaged by fire which Anglo-French allied forces laid in 1860 during the Second Opium War 在1860年英法联军第二次鸦片战争中，长廊和颐和园其它部位一样遭到烧毁. It was rebuilt in 1886. 长廊于1886年重建. As a part of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridor was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List in December, 1998.作为颐和园的一部分， 1998年12月长廊被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录. [ edit ] Layout [ 编辑 ] 布局 Long Corridor长廊

The Long Corridor leads from the Gate for Greeting the Moon (Yao Yue Men) in the east westwards along the northern shore of Kunming Lake .长走廊导致从闸东向西沿港岛北岸的问候男子） 在月球尧吁厄（ 昆明湖. Along its entire length, it keeps to the transitional zone between the lake shore and the foot of the Longevity Hill, which is on the opposite side of the corridor.沿其整个长度，它不断向湖岸边之间和万寿山，于走廊的另一侧是脚的过渡地带. The Marble Boat, a famous lakeside pavilion, is located near the western end of the corridor.在石舫 ，著名湖畔凉亭，靠近走廊的西端. The middle section of the Long Corridor passes in a southward bend around the central building complex on the lake side of Longevity Hill, The main hall in this complex is the Cloud-Dispelling Hall (Pai Yun Dian), where the Empress Dowager Cixi used to celebrate her birthday.长走廊中段的复杂证在长寿一向南弯曲的湖边周围复杂的中央大楼山，在这大厅的主要是云，消解中心 （排恽低犴），其中慈禧太后用庆祝她的生日. The Long Corridor runs through the Cloud-Dispelling Gate (Pai Yun Men); the gate marks the center of the corridor.长走廊穿过云层和消解门 （排恽门）;门标志着走廊中心的地位.

The total length of the Long Corridor is 728 meters, with crossbeams under the roof dividing it into 273 sections.该长廊的总长度是根据屋顶七百二十八米与横梁，它分为273节. Along its course, there are four octagonal pavilions with double eaves, two on each side of the Cloud-Dispelling Gate.随着它的过程中，有四个重檐八角凉亭，两个每个云门侧的消解. The pavilions symbolize the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) and are named (from east to west): Liu Jia ( Chinese : 留 佳 ; pinyin : Liú Jiā, "retaining the goodness"), Ji Lan ( Chinese : 寄 澜 ; pinyin : Jì Lán , "living with the ripples"), Qiu Shui ( Chinese : 秋 水 ; pinyin : Qiū Shuǐ , "autumn water"), and Qing Yao ( Chinese : 清 遥 ; pinyin : Qīng Yáo , "clear and far").该亭象征四季（春，夏，秋，冬），并命名为东（从向西）：刘佳（ 中国 ： 留 佳 ; 拼音 ： 榴 嘉 ，“保留善”），姬兰（ 中国 ： 责任分数 澜 ; 拼音 ： 济 兰 ，“涟漪与生活”），邱水（ 中国 ： 秋 水 ; 拼音 ： 丘 水路 ，“秋水”），姚和清（ 中国 ： 清 遥 ; 拼音 ： 清 瑶 ，“明确和远“）. Midway between the two pavilions on either side of the Cloud-Dispelling Gate, pavilions on the lake shore can be reached through short southward extension of the Long Corridor: the Facing-the-Seagull Boat (Dui Ou Fang) Pavilion in the east and the Fish－and－Algae Pavilion (Yu Zhao Xuan）in the west. In the west, there is also a northward extension opposite of the Fish-and-Algae Pavilion, which leads to a three-storey octagonal observation tower.凉亭中途岛双方在任何肖尔锡德云，消解门湖，亭台上可以达到通过短期长廊向南扩展的：在面对-的-海鸥船 （水碓欧方）和东部的亭鱼类和藻类亭（于昭璇）在西部. 在西部，也有向北延伸对面的鱼和藻亭，这导致了三层八角形的了望塔. [ edit ] Artwork [ 编辑 ] 作品

The Long Corridor is richly decorated with paintings on the beams and the ceiling.长走廊刻有画在横梁和天花板. In total there are more than 14,000 paintings, which depict episodes from Chinese classical literature, folk tales, both historical and legendary figures, and famous Chinese buildings and landscapes along with flowers, birds, fish, and insects.总共有超过14,000的画作，描绘从中国古典文学，民间故事，历史和传奇人物，著名的中国建筑和山水一起花，鸟，鱼集，和昆虫. In each of the four pavilions, there are two major paintings over the two doorways on the eastern and western sides.在4个展馆，每个有两个主要画了在东部和西部双方的两个门口. The topics of these paintings are described below (from east to west):这些画中的主题说明如下（从东到西）： [ edit ] The Tale of the Peach-Blossom Land [ 编辑 ] 土地故事的桃花，梅花 The Tale of the Peach-Blossom Land该桃姆土地的故事

The Tale of the Peach-Blossom Land ( Chinese : 桃花源記 ; pinyin : Tao Hua Yuan Ji ) is set during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty .在（故事的桃桃花源中 ： 桃花源记 ; 拼音 ： 陶华园吉 ）设置统治期间， 汉武帝在东晋. It tells the story of a fisherman who discovers a secluded valley (Shi Wai Tao Yuan) located on the other side of a narrow cave.它讲述了一个渔夫谁发现了一个僻静的山谷（施外陶淤谙）在一个狭窄的洞穴位于另一边的故事. The inhabitants of the valley were the descendants of war refugees from the times of the Qin Dynasty .山谷中的居民的是从时代的战争难民后裔秦. They had lived in this utopia untroubled by the further course of history in peace and harmony ever since.他们住在这个乌托邦的和平与和谐平静的历史过程中进一步至今. The fisherman returned home to tell the story, but the idyllic valley could never be found again.渔夫回家告诉这个故事，但田园诗般的山谷可能永远不会被发现了. [ edit ] Sun Wukong's Fight with Nezha [ 编辑 ] 孙悟空与哪吒扑灭

The painting depicts an episode from the Chinese classic Journey to the West .这幅画描绘了中国一个小插曲，从经典的 西游记. In the episode, the monkey king Sun Wukong is fighting the boy god Nezha, who was sent by the Jade Emperor to capture Sun Wukong.在情节，孙悟空孙悟空是神的战斗男孩哪吒 ，谁是发出玉皇大帝捕捉孙悟空. In the fight, both Nezha and Sun Wukong transform themselves into gods with three heads and six arms.在斗争中，既哪吒和孙悟空变成三头神六武器本身. In the painting, Nezha is depicted on a fire wheel, which is commonly associated with him as his way of transport.在绘画，哪吒是描绘一个火轮，这是因为通常与他有关他的运输方式. [ edit ] Zhang Fei's Fight with Ma Chao [ 编辑 ] 张飞扑灭与马超 Zhang Fei's Fight with Ma Chao张飞扑灭与马超

The subject of this painting is a fierce, stalemate battle between two of the future Five Tiger Generals of the Kingdom of Shu, Zhang Fei and Ma Chao .这幅画的课题，这是一个激烈的，未来的僵局战斗两个五虎将军的蜀王国 ， 张飞和马超. The story is taken from the 14th century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the Four Classical Novels of Chinese Literature.故事是从14世纪历史小说三国演义三国 ，一个对古典四大名著小说的中国文学. [ edit ] The Battle of Zhuxian County [ 编辑 ] 本县朱仙镇之战 Battle of Zhuxian County县朱仙镇之战

This painting shows scenes from a decisive battle in the war between the Jin and the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei, a Song Dynasty general, distinguished himself in combatting an invasion by the Jin army.这幅画显示了从战争场面之间的决定性的战役中金与宋. 岳飞 ，一个宋代一般，尊敬自己军队在打击一金入侵. In the Battle of Zhuxian County, the Song army came close to losing, but the courage of a total of eight generals was able to turn the near loss into a decisive victory.在朱仙镇县，宋代军队战役差点输掉比赛，但一共有8个将军的勇气能成为一个决定性的胜利不久的损失. [ edit ] Yue Fei Defeating Liang Gui with a Spear [ 编辑 击败梁贵的一矛 ] 岳飞

Like in the Battle of Zhuxian County, a story about the Song Dynasty hero Yue Fei is the subject of this painting.象在飞朱仙镇战役县 ，乐一故事，主人公是宋代的绘画主题这一点. It shows Yue Fei engaged in a fight with Liang Gui, scion of a wealthy family, who wanted to bribe himself through a military exam.这表明岳飞从事与梁轨，一个富有的家庭的后裔，谁想要通过军事考试贿赂自己的斗争. In the painting, Yue Fei kills Liang Gui, who is falling from his horse in the scene, by thrusting a spear at his heart.在绘画，岳飞杀死梁归，谁是他在现场马下降，冲在他的心一矛. [ edit ] The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove [ 编辑 ] 竹林七贤的 The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove竹林七贤

This painting is located on the western side of Qiu Shui Pavilion.这幅画是位于裘水馆西侧. It shows seven passionate literati of the 3rd century, known as the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove .它显示7个热情的文人已知，第三世纪竹林七贤的. The scholars, Ruan Ji, Ji Kang , Ruan Xian , Shan Tao , Xiang Xiu , Wang Rong and Liu Ling , held progressive political views but were unable to realize their ambitions.学者， 阮籍 ， 嵇康 ， 阮咸 ， 山涛 ， 项嗅 ， 汪蓉和刘伶举行进步的政治观点，但无法实现自己的野心. As a reaction, they refused to seek fame and wealth and took to entertaining themselves in a bamboo wood with composing poetry, food, music, and chess play instead.作为一个反应，他们拒绝寻求名声和财富，并走上了娱乐与创作诗歌，美食，音乐，和国际象棋游戏，而不是竹材本身. [ edit ] Zhao Yun's Fight at Changban [ 编辑 ] 赵迂嗯扑灭在湴 Zhao Yun's Fight at Changban赵与嗯扑灭在湴

This painting shows another battle scene from The Romance of the Three Kingdom .这幅画显示了三国演义的另一个战场情景. In the Battle of Changban, the general Zhao Yun was severely outnumbered by the enemy army led by Cao Cao , who overthrew the Han Dynasty royals and founded the Kingdom of Wei .在长坂坡战役 ，一般照淤嗯寡不敌众被敌军造成严重的领导由曹操 ，谁推翻了汉代王室，建立了卫王国. In addition, Zhao Yun had to find the wife of Liu Bei, the founder of the Kingdom of Shu , and her child ( Liu Shan ).此外，赵云必须找到妻子刘备 ，该公司的创始人， 蜀汉的 ，和她的孩子（ 刘山 ）. When he found them, Liu Bei's wife committed suicide in order not to be a burden on Zhao, who then went into battle protecting the child.当他发现，为了他们，刘备的妻子自杀不是一个赵，谁然后将保护儿童上阵的负担. The painting shows Zhao, dressed in white, surrounded by enemy soldiers and holding Liu Bei's son.这幅画表现的赵，身穿白衣，被敌人包围，士兵举行刘备的儿子. In the end, he managed to inflict great harm on the enemy and save the child.最后，他成功地对敌人造成巨大伤害并保存孩子. [ edit ] Lü Bu's Fight with Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei [ 编辑 ] 吕布扑灭与刘备，关羽，张飞

This painting is located on the western side of Qing Yao Pavilion.这幅画是位于姚青亭西侧. The subject is the Battle of Hulao Pass, once again a battle from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms novel.这个题目是通行证虎牢之战 ，再次一战从小说三国演义. On one side of this battle stood Lü Bu, who was at the time loyal to his adopted father Dong Zhuo , a tyrant who had gained control over the emperor of the Later Han Dynasty .战端一本站在吕布 ，向谁当时忠于他的养父董卓 ，一个暴君谁控制了皇帝的上涨在后汉. On the other side where the Three Sworn Brothers, Liu Bei , future founder of the Kingdom of Shu , Guan Yu , and Zhang Fei , two of his top generals and both counted among the Five Tiger Generals later in the novel.在另一边的三位宣誓兄弟 ， 刘备 ，未来的创始人蜀王国 ， 关羽和张飞 ，他的两个高级将领以及各都算五虎将军后来在小说中. The painting shows Zhang Fei with a black face wielding a spear, Guan Yu with a red face and a guandao, and Liu Bei with a double-edged sword.这幅画显示了一个矛与张飞挥舞着一个黑色的脸，关羽有一个红色的脸， 关刀 ，并与刘备一把双刃剑. [ edit ] External links [ 编辑 ] 外部链接 搜索维基共享资源 	Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Long Corridor维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源： 长走廊

* CCTV 中央电视台