User:Ranwei/sandbox

Week 2
 * 1) Material: What are wattle and daub made of respectively? The construction part talks about the materials generally, but is there a significant difference among different regions in the world? If so, what are the factors that influence the materials?
 * 2) History: Is there any good examples of buildings that made of wattle and daub? It would be better if different regions can offer their own examples. Wattle and daub have been used since at least 6000 years ago. Is there any evidence about the exact time when it came into being? And since then, how it developed through time? What are the influences it has on modern architecture?
 * 3) Styles of panels: is there any other style?
 * 4) Acacias: I don't think it's necessary to make this one a separate item. I think it can be put into the construction part where materials of wattle and daub would be discussed.
 * 5) Variations: This part only introduces two variations generally. But what is the relationship between the variations and wattle and daub? Are they inspired by wattle and daub or did they evolve from wattle and daub, or they are just similar with wattle and daub coincidentally? Lath and plaster is mentioned in the beginning, it seems that this one is derived from wattle and daub. So can lath and plaster be put into this part as well?
 * 6) Possible source:
 * Cowan, Henry J. From Wattle & Daub to Concrete & Steel: The Engineering Heritage of Australia's Buildings. Carlton, Vic.: Melbourne University Press, 1998.
 * Forsyth, Michael, Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Pub., 2008.
 * Blokker, Laura Ewen, and Heather A. Knight. "Louisiana Bousillage: The Migration and Evolution of a French Building Technique in North America." Construction History 28, no. 1 (2013): 27-48.
 * Anirban Chatterjee, Sudip K Ghosh, Ken Jang, Esther Bullitt, Chatterjee, Anirban, Ghosh, Sudip K, Jang, Ken, et al. “Evidence for a ‘Wattle and Daub’ Model of the Cyst Wall of Entamoeba.” PLOS pathogens : a peer-reviewed open-access journal published by the Public Library of Science. 5, no. 7 (April 27, 2008).
 * Guerrero, Anuar Terán, Goguitchaichvili, Avto, Esparza López, Rodrigo, Morales, Juan, Elguera, José Rosas, Soler, Ana María, Cárdenas, Efraín, and Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime. “A detailed rock-magnetic and archaeomagnetic investigation on wattle and daub building (Bajareque) remains from Teuchitlán tradition (nw Mesoamerica).” Journal of archaeological science, reports. 5 (n.d.).
 * Matthew D. Gawryla, Otto van den Berg, Christoph Weder, and David A. Schiraldi. “Clay aerogel/cellulose whisker nanocomposites: a nanoscale wattle and daub.” Journal of Materials Chemistry 19, no. 15 (2009): 2118-2124.
 * Robert P. Kruger. “A burning question or, some half-baked ideas: patterns of sintered daub creation and dispersal in a modern wattle and daub structure and their implications for archaeological interpretation.” Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 22, no. 3 (2015): 883-912.

Week 3 Added information:
 * Construction:
 * 1) In different regions, the material of wattle can be different. For example, in Mitchell Site on the northern outskirts of the city of Mitchell, South Dakota, willow has been found as the wattle material of the walls of the house.
 * 2) Reeds and vines can also be used as wattle material.
 * Variations
 * 1) In some places or cultures, similar techniques with wattle and daub were used. Sometimes people use different names for the technique, including pug and pine, mud and stud (stud and mud), hourdis, rab and dab, rad and dab, pierrotage/bousillage (bouzillage) and columage.
 * 2) Pierrotage, columage: Pierratage is the infilling material used in French Vernacular architecture of the Southern United States to infill between half-timbering with diagonal braces, which is similar with daub. It is usually made of lime mortar clay mixed with small stones. It is also called bousillage or bouzillage, especially in French Vernacular architecture of Louisiana of the early 1700s. The materials of bousillage are Spanish moss or clay and grass. Bousillage also refers to the type of brick molded with the same materials and used as infilling between posts. Columbage refers to the timber-framed construction with diagonal bracing of the framework. Pierratage or bousillage is the material filled into the structural timbers.
 * 3) Lath and plaster: As mentioned before, lath and plaster derived from wattle and daub has been widely used in modern construction.
 * Application
 * 1) Wattle and daub are mostly used in half-timbered construction or timber-framed house. Bajarreque and jacal are two specific examples of the application of wattle and daub.
 * 2) Bajarreque: Bajarreque is a wall constructed with the technique of wattle and daub. The wattle here is made of bagasse, and the daub is the mix of clay and straw.
 * 3) Jacal: Jacal can refer to a type of crude house whose wall is built with wattle and daub in southwestern America. Closely spaced upright sticks or poles driven into the ground with small branches (wattle) interwoven between them make the structural frame of the wall. Mud or an adobe clay (daub) is covered outside. To provide additional weather protection, the wall is usually plastered.