User:Raydee331319/sandbox

=Adobe Photoshop Creative Suite, Version history=

CS
The first Photoshop CS was commercially released in October 2003. Photoshop CS increased user control with a reworked file browser augmenting search versatility, sorting and sharing capabilities and the Histogram Palette which monitors changes in the image as they are made to the document. Match Color was also introduced in CS, which reads color data to achieve a uniform expression throughout a series of pictures.

Photoshop CS integrated Camera Raw version 2.0 functionality, which enabled direct manipulation of raw media in an greater set of professional-grade digital cameras.

With the implementation of Layer Comps, it was easier to quickly capture design variants in a single file, then create alternates for clients to review.

Eye-catching typographic designs were possible thank to the new ability to manipulate fully editable text on any path or inside any closed path. Photoshop CS enabled photographers to work more closely with raw media from even more digital cameras and included extensive editing support for 16-bit color images. Color levels across images could be synchronized effortlessly with the new Match Color and Shadow/Highlight features, to cure exposure problems while maintaining mid-tones.

Photoshop CS is a tool that helps design sequences for videos and films by removing the guesswork for film and video professionals. The non-square pixels, typically found in videos, have been a reoccuring challenge when trying to accurately create imagery to display on screens since computer-genrated graphics tend to appear distorted. With non-square pixel support in Photoshop CS, videographers could see the image as it would appear on the destination device. The 16-bit support in Photoshop CS preserves the rich color palette of film and the product is closely integrated with Adobe's industry-leading video editing applications: Adobe Premiere Pro, Adobe Encore DVD and Adobe After Effects.

CS2
Photoshop CS2, released in May 2005, expanded on its predecessor with a new set of tools and features. One of whichs included an upgraded Spot Healing Brush, which is mainly used for handling common photographic problems such as blemishes, red-eye, noise, blurring and lens distortion. One of the most significant inclusions in CS2 was the implementation of Smart Objects, which allows users to scale and transform images and vector illustrations without losing image quality as well as create linked duplicates of embedded graphics so that a single edit updates across multiple iterations.

Adobe had also responded to feedback from the professional media industry by implementing non-destructive editing as well as the producing and modifying of 32-Bit High Dynamic Range (HDR) images, which are optimal for 3D rendering and advanced compositing. FireWire Previews could also be viewed on a monitor via a direct export feature.

Photoshop CS2 also brought the Vanishing Point and Image Warping tools. Vanishing Point makes tedious graphic and photo retouching endeavors much simpler by letting users to clone, paint and transform image objects while maintaining visual perspective. Image Warping makes it easy digitally distort an image into a shape by choosing on-demand presets or by dragging control points.

The File Browser had been upgraded to Adobe Bridge, which functioned as a hub for productivity, imagery and creativity, providing multi-view file browsing and smooth cross-product integration across Adobe Creative Suite 2 software. Adobe Bridge also provides access to Adobe Stock Photos, a new stock photography service that offers users one-stop shopping across five elite stock image providers to deliver high-quality, royalty-free images for layout and design (see separate press release).

Camera Raw version 3.0 was also a new addition to CS2, and it allowed settings for multiple raw files to be modified simultaneously. In addition, processing multiple raw files, to other formats including JPEG, TIFF, DNG or PSD, could be done in the background without executing the Photoshop itself.

Photoshop CS2 also brought a streamlined interface, making it easier to access features for specific instances. In CS2 users were also given the ability to create their own custom presets, which was meant to save time and increase productivity.

CS3
frame|right|Smart Objects display filters without altering the original image (here on Mac OS X)

CS3 improves on features from previous versions of Photoshop CS and introduces new tools. One of the most significant is the streamline interface which allows increased performance, speed, and efficiency. There is also improved support for Camera RAW files which allow users to process images with higher speed and conversion quality. CS3 supports over 150 RAW formats as well as JPEG, TIFF and PDF. Enhancements were made to the Black and White Conversion, Brightness and Contrast Adjustment and Vanishing Point Module tools. The Black and White adjustment option improves control over manual grayscale conversions with a dialog box similar to that of Channel Mixer. There is more control over print options and better management with Adobe Bridge. The Clone Source palette is introduced, adding more options to the clone stamp tool. Other features include the nondestructive Smart Filters, optimizing graphics for mobile devices, Fill Light and Dust Busting tools. Compositing is assisted with Photoshop's new Quick Selection and Refine Edge tools and improved image stitching technology.

CS3 Extended includes everything in CS3 and additional features. There are tools for 3D graphic file formats, video enhancement and animation, and comprehensive image measurement and analysis tools with DICOM file support. The 3D graphic formats allow 3D content to be incorporated into 2D compositions. As for video editing, CS3 supports layers and video formatting so users can edit video files per frame.

CS3 and CS3 Extended were released in April of 2007 to the United States and Canada. They were also made available through Adobe’s online store and Adobe Authorized Resellers. Both CS3 and CS3 Extended are offered as either a stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative Suite 3. The price for CS3 is US$649 and the extended version is US$999. Both products are compatible with Intel-based Macs and PowerPCs, supporting Windows XP and Windows Vista.

CS4
CS4 features smoother panning and zooming, allowing faster image editing at a high magnification. The interface is more simplified with its tab-based interface making it cleaner to work with. Photoshop CS4 features a new 3D engine allowing the conversion of gradient maps to 3D objects, adding depth to layers and text, and getting print-quality output with the new ray-tracing rendering engine. It supports common 3D formats; the new Adjustment and Mask Panels; Content-aware scaling (seam carving ); Fluid Canvas Rotation and File display options. The Content-aware scaling allows users to intelligently size and scale images, and the Canvas Rotation tool makes it easier to rotate and edit images from any angle.

Adobe released Photoshop CS4 Extended, which has the features of Adobe Photoshop CS4, plus capabilities for scientific imaging, 3D, motion graphics, accurate image analysis and high-end film and video users. The faster 3D engine allows users to paint directly on 3D models, wrap 2D images around 3D shapes and animate 3D objects. As the successor to Photoshop CS3, Photoshop CS4 is the first x64 edition of Photoshop on consumer computers for Windows. The colour correction tool has also been improved significantly.

CS4 and CS4 Extended were released on October 15, 2008. They were also made available through Adobe’s online store and Adobe Authorized Resellers. Both CS4 and CS4 Extended are offered as either a stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative Suite 4. The price for CS4 is US$699 and the extended version is US$999. Both products are compatible with Intel-based Mac OS X and PowerPCs, supporting Windows XP and Windows Vista.

CS5
Photoshop CS5 was launched on April 12, 2010. In a video posted on its official Facebook page, the development team revealed the new technologies under development, including three-dimensional brushes and warping tools.

In May 2011, Adobe Creative Suite 5.5 (CS5.5) was released, with new versions of some of the applications. Its version of Photoshop, 12.1, is identical to the concurrently released update for Photoshop CS5, version 12.0.4, except for support for the new subscription pricing that was introduced with CS5.5.

CS5 introduces new tools such as the Content-Aware Fill, Refine Edge, Mixer Brush, Bristle Tips and Puppet Warp. The community also had a hand in the additions made to CS5 as 30 new features and improvements were included by request. These include automatic image straightening, the Rule-of-Thirds cropping tool, colour pickup and saving an 16-bit image as a JPEG. Another feature includes the Adobe Mini Bridge which allows for efficient file browsing and management.

CS5 Extended includes everything in CS5 plus features in 3D and video editing. A new materials library was added, providing more options such as Chrome, Glass, and Cork. The new Shadow Catcher tool can be used to further enhance 3D objects. For motion graphics, the tools can be applied to over more than one frame in a video sequence.

CS5 and CS5 Extended were made available through Adobe's online store, Adobe Authorized Resellers and Adobe direct sales. Both CS5 and CS5 Extended are offered as either a stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative Suite 5. The price for CS5 is US$699 and the extended version is US$999. Both products are compatible with Intel-based Mac OS and Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7.

CS6
On March 21, 2012, Adobe released a beta version of Photoshop CS6. It adds new creative design tools and a redesigned interface with a focus on enhanced performance. CS6 Beta is available for free downloading in English and Japanese for Mac OS and Windows. New features have been added to the Content-Aware tool such as the Content-Aware Patch and Content-Aware Move.

Adobe Photoshop CS6 will also bring a suite of tools for video editing. Color and exposure adjustments, as well as layers are among a few things that will be featured in this new editor. Upon completion of editing, the user will be presented with a handful of options of exporting into a few popular formats.

CS6 brings the "straighten" tool to Photoshop, where a user simply draws a line anywhere on an image, and the canvas will reorient itself so that the line drawn becomes horizontal, and adjusts the media accordingly. This was created with the intention that users will draw a line parallel to a plane in the image, and reorient the image to that plane to easier achieve certain perspectives.

CS6 will allow background saving, which means that while another document is compiling and archiving itself, it will be possible to simultaneously edit an image. Also, CS6 will also feature a customizable auto-save feature, preventing any work from being lost.

All the tools and filters will be improved and optimized in CS6. Now, when a filter is applied, it will be applied to the current layer, as opposed all layers in older version of Adobe Photoshop.

Adobe has responded to feedback from the graphic design community, and has modified the User Interface accordingly. Now, it boasts a more unified, static look, and is easier to keep track of all the palettes and documents.

=Features=

Content-Aware
Content-awareness is a useful aspect of Photoshop where image editing is done automatically and intelligently. It comes in two forms which are content-aware scaling and content-aware filling, in which elements in a background automatically recompose according to the areas a user of the program decides to fill or scale. More specifically, content-aware scaling works by rescaling an image and causing its content to adapt to the new dimensions and preserving important areas of it. Content-aware filling functions by matching tone, colour, and noise of an area of the image that contained an object or detail in which the user decides to remove.

Healing Tools
With improvement retouching tools like the Clone Stamp tool and Healing Brush tool, imperfections of an image can easily be removed. These tools essentially function by locating a source point (or multiple source points) that can be scaled or rotated in order to cover an imperfection or unwanted detail in a specific area of an image.

Puppet Wrap
Similar to the content-aware tool, the puppet wrap reveals Photoshop’s intelligence by allowing a user to reposition an object in an image such as a flower or arm. This is done by using points that outline the structure of an object and easily repositioning in the wanted orientation.

Video Editing
In Adobe CS5 Extended edition, video editing is comprehensive and efficient with a broad compatibility of video file formats such as MOV, AVI, FLC, MPEG-4, and FLV formats and easy workflow. Using simple combination of keys video layers can easily be modified, with other features such as adding text and the creation of animations using single images.

3D
With the Extended version of Photoshop CS5, 2D elements of an artwork can easily become three-dimensional with the click of a button. Extrusions of texts, an available library of materials for three-dimensional, and even wrapping two-dimensional images around 3D geometry are all possible with this version of Photoshop. Realism can also be added to an image using the 3D features of Photoshop such as animating image-based lights and depth of field.

Mobile Integration
Third-party plugins have also been added to the most recent version of Photoshop where technologies such as the Apple iPad have integrated the software with different types of applications. Applications like the Adobe Eazel painting app allows the user to easily create paintings with their fingertips and use an array of different paint from dry to wet in order to create rich colour blending.

Camera Raw
With the Camera Raw plug-in, RAW images can be processed without the use of Adobe Lightroom, along with other image file formats such as JPEGs, TIFFs, or PNGs. The plug-in allows users to remove noise without the side-effect of over-sharpening, add grain, and even perform post-crop vignetting.

The Future of Photoshop Features (CS6+)
With the release of Photoshop CS6 just around the corner, the content-aware family of technologies in Photoshop have grown in the latest beta of Photoshop. These tools have extended into content-aware patch, move and extend tools. The content-aware patch tool is almost user-driven as it uses content-aware fill but it allows the user to choose another detail or part of an image to fill the desire patch in with. The content-aware move tool allows for the user to move an object or human being from one part of the image to another part of the image while neighbouring pixels fill in the spot where the object or human was removed. Finally, the content-aware extend tool allows for the user to extend an object in the image (such as a roof of the building) without the details of the object becoming stretched. The performance and interface of Photoshop CS6 has also increasingly become faster with a new Mercury Graphics Engine being used that gives instant results when using tools such as Liquefy or the Puppet Wrap.

= Photoshop and Social Media =

DeviantArt and its Resources
DeviantArt is a social networking community that is dedicated to fulfilling the needs of emerging artists such as exposure, inspiration, as well as resources. With a member base of over 19 million users and a range of art from a variety of traditional to digital mediums the website is the host to the largest art community on the World Wide Web. Within the online community, there is a “Resources & Stock Images” section that contains multiple Photoshop resources that are uploaded on a daily basis. These resources range from brushes, tips & tricks, tutorials, to even stock images used for graphic design and/or digital manipulations. Stock images are simply photographs that an artist allowed use of by other artists in their artwork which may or may not be used commercially (depending on the terms of use set by the original artist).

Graphic Design
Photoshop has been an useful tool for graphic designers to create artwork conveniently and aesthetically. For example, a studio based in Barcelona called Vasava use Photoshop in order to visualize their vision on an initial concept and then move onto different media to complete the concept. The studio takes traditional art and pushes the limits on the medium in order to create artwork for print and web. Some of the many other graphic design studios that use Photoshop are Zee Design and American Greetings.

Magazines
Before any type of print media is published, whether it is a magazine, newspaper, or even novel it is most likely the case Photoshop has been used to enhance and clean up the imagery and text on many if not all of the pages. Magazines like Fitness Magazine and Clear Magazine both use Photoshop and many of its tools in order to conveniently enhance the imagery in their magazines. Fitness Magazine employs many in-house designers in order to retouch the photos of models to enhance their beauty and add finishing touches to the imagery by using tools that balance colour and add drop shadows among other edits.

“Photoshop Disasters”
Among the mass communication in printed and digital media, a popular website by the name of “Photoshop Disasters” was created in order to expose the mishaps (and even the best) of Photoshop designers and artists in these mediums. This is done by readers of the website who send emails to the administrator of the site who find these disasters. Many of the disasters range from missing limbs to incorrect composition to overdone photo retouching on fashion models among the many others presented on the website.

=Tools= Upon loading Photoshop, a sidebar with a variety of tools with multiple image-editing functions appears to the left of the screen. These tools typically fall under the categories of cropping and slicing; drawing; painting; measuring and navigation; selection; typing; and retouching. Some tools contain a small triangle in the bottom right of the toolbox icon. These can be expanded to reveal similar tools. While newer versions of Photoshop are updated to include new tools and features, several recurring tools that exist in most versions are discussed below.

Cropping and Slicing
The crop tool can be used to select a particular area of an image and discard the portions outside of the chosen section. This tool assists in creating a focus point on an image and excluding unnecessary or excess space.

The "slice" and slice select tools, like the crop tool, are used in isolating parts of images. The slice tool can be used to divide an image into different sections, and these separate parts can be used as pieces of a web page design once HTML and CSS are applied. The slice select tool allows sliced sections of an image to be adjusted and shifted.

Drawing
Photoshop includes a few versions of the pen tool. The pen tool creates precise paths that can be manipulated using anchor points. The freeform pen tool allows the user to draw paths freehand, and with the magnetic pen tool, the drawn path attaches closely to outlines of objects in an image, which is useful for isolating them from a background.

Painting
A few of the painting tools in Photoshop are the brush, pencil, gradient and paint bucket tools. These can be used to retouch images by altering and adding coloured pixels. Original paintings can be created using the brush tool, since it has many different default brush-tips, and brush strokes be easily adjusted in size, shape and texture. There is an option to create custom brushes to suit the user's needs, and original brushes and brush packages can be found on the web.

The pencil tool allows the user to paint rough strokes on the canvas, creating a similar effect to a real pencil on paper. The gradient, fill and paint bucket tools are similar to each other, as they each fill areas of the canvas with colour.

Measuring and Navigation
The eyedropper tool selects a colour from an area of the image that is clicked, and samples it for future use. The hand tool navigates an image by moving it in any direction, and the zoom tool enlarges the part of an image that is clicked on, allowing for a closer view.

Selection
The marquee tool can make selections that are single row, single column, rectangular and elliptical. Once an area of an image is highlighted, the move tool can be used to manually relocate the selected piece to anywhere on the canvas. The lasso tool is similar to the marquee tool, however, the user can make a custom selection by drawing it freehand. In addition, the lasso tool can make magnetic and polygonal selections.

Typing
Photoshop also provides tools for adding and editing text. The type tools create an area where text can be entered, and the type mask tools create a selection area that has the shape of text. The type tool creates vector-based text, so symbols, letters and numbers in various fonts and colours can be re-sized while maintaining the same resolution.

Retouching
There are several tools that are used for retouching, manipulating and adjusting photos, such as the clone stamp, eraser, burn, dodge, smudge and blur tools. The clone stamp tool samples a selected portion of an image, and duplicates it over another area using a brush that can be adjusted in size, flow and opacity. The smudge tool, when dragged across part of an image, stretches and smudges pixels as if they are real paint, and the blur tool softens portions of an image by lowering the amount of detail within the adjusted area. The eraser tool removes pixels from an image, and the magic eraser tool selects areas of solid colour and erases them. The burn and dodge tools, which are derived from traditional methods of adjusting the exposure on printed photos, have opposite effects; the burn tool darkens selected areas, and the dodge tool lightens them. =Photoshop Elements=

Photoshop Elements is a photo editing program that was developed and published by Adobe Systems Incorporated in March 2009. The most recent edition is Photoshop Elements 10.0. Since Photoshop Elements is a program that is targeted more towards home users and hobbyists, there is more of an emphasis on editing digital photos and web graphics. Thus, Photoshop Elements has fewer features that are advantageous for printing, but it costs less than the retail price of Photoshop.

Features

 * Guided Edits are quick effects that can be applied to a photo (for example, Picture Stack Edit makes a photo look as though it is made up of many other photos.
 * Smart Brushes can be applied to different parts of a photo to create enhancing effects. (ex. The Pencil Sketch brush can make parts of a photo look as if it were drawn by hand with a pencil with a single stroke.
 * The Organizer arranges photos in a convenient way so that users can search for them by colour, visual similarities and through tagged keywords. The Organizer can also find duplicate photos.
 * Users can now upload pictures directly to Facebook.

Missing Features

 * Vector tools are path and pen tools that are useful for creating illustrations and drawings.
 * Colour modes such as CMYK are usually the format used for print publishing.
 * Layer styles can apply certain effects for each layer of a photo.

=References=