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Geochemistry
To understand the geochemistry, we have to assume that all dissolved solids are at equilibrium. Hardly any geochemical analysis has been completed for the Lower Floridian Aquifer System. The most permeable layer within the Upper Floridian Aquifer System is made of limestone that is almost completely calcite. Other rocks found in the lower units are dolomite, gypsum, apatite, and peat. These inorganic/organic carbon materials affect the alkalinity and pH of the water throughout the aquifer. The ph of this system ranges from 7.16 - 8.10 though out the wells studied. Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels affect the geochemistry of this water throughout time due to the abundance of carbonate rocks. We see this change in the pH and Alkalinity.

A few ions that are important when understanding the ions that drive these reactions, are calcium(Ca+) and magnesium (Mg2+). Calcium is one of the largest constituents in this aquifer. Throughout the Upper Floridan Aquifer calcite is found both saturated and undersaturated, which is how well they are dissolving into the solution. This all depends on the permeability of the units above the water, and if a buffer is being precipitated from them. The mixture of salt water in areas throughout the aquifer impacts the saturation levels of the calcite. The dolomite causes there to be large amounts of magnesium dissolved throughout areas of freshwater. When there is mixing of freshwater and salt water, brackish areas, the system is oversaturated with regards to dolomite, this reaction controls the amount of magnesium in the water.

The hardness of the aquifer increases with depth for the Upper Aquifer, this is due to the increase of dissolved gypsum with increasing depth. The hardness of the aquifer is determined by the number of Ca+ and Mg2+ ions, which as we know, depends on the geology that is surrounding it.