User:Renaud Fortuner/Helicotylenchus

Helicotylenchus Steiner, 1945

= Rotylenchoides Whitehead, 1958

= Zimmermannia Shamsi, 1973

Diagnosis
Hoplolaiminae. Female : Body vermiform, spiral to straight. Labial region continuous to slightly offset, rounded or anteriorly flattened, generally annulated but never longitudinally striated; anterior lip annulus generally not divided into sectors, with elongate amphid spertures (SEM). Rarely faint or marked lip sectors are present. Lateral field with four lines. Phasmids small, near anus; cephalids and caudalid present. Tail 1 to 2 1/2 body diameters long, typically more curved dorsally, with or without a terminal ventral process, sometimes rounded. Stylet and labial framework averagesized. DGO from 6 to 16 µm from stylet base. Median bulb rounded with average-sized valve. Glands overlap intestine dorsally and ventrally, all three glands of about the same length. Two genital branches, the posterior one sometimes degenerated or reduced to a PUS. Epiptygma present but folded inwards, into the vagina. Vulval flaps present, inconspicuous. Male : Slight secondary sexual dimorphism seen in smaller anterior end. Caudal alae enveloping tail end.

Type species :
Helicotylenchus dihystera (Cobb, 1893) Sher, 1961.

= Tylenchus olaae Cobb, 1906*

= T. spiralis Cassidy, 1930*

= Aphelenchus dubius peruensis Steiner, 1920

= H. nannus Steiner, 1945

= H. crenatus Das, 1960

= H. flatus Roman, 1965

= H. rotundicauda Sher, 1966

= H. punicae Swarup Sethi, 1968

= H. glissus Thorne & Malek, 1968

= H. dihysteroides Siddiqi, 1972

= H. teleductus Anderson, 1974

The original type species was H. nannus Steiner, 1945 but Sher (1961) proposed H. nannus as a younger synonym of H. dihystera.

Other species
See complete list in http://genisys.prd.fr/nemaid.html