User:Renayrz/sandbox

History
Onychocola canadensis is a species of non-dermatophyte fungus that occasionally causes oncychomycosis. It was first found by Sigler & Congly in 1990, based on 3 clinical reports in Canada.

Morphology and Ecology
It belongs to the family of Gymnoascaceae, the colonies usually have a yellowish-white or pale grey colour, and grow in a slow pace. In the aerial mycelium, arthroconidia are formed and the shape of cells will turn from cylindrical to round. Arthroconidia are usually single celled or two celled, range from 4-17 micrometers long. Studies suggest its originated from soil because the infected patients are mostly farmers.

Epidemiology
Onychocola canadensis was found in several clinical reports related to infected toenails, mostly in temporal areas such as Canada, Australia, an European countries, occurs more frequently in female elderly. Infected nails often appear thick and distorted in shape, and usually in a yellowish green colour, studies have found Griseofulvin and Itraconazole could be an effective treatment for onychomycosis, however a confirmed effective treatment is unclear. Even though O.canadensis are often found in infected nails, but not always as pathogen. Rare cases have been reported that O.canadensis also causes superficial dermatomycosis on palms and soles.