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** Dr. Obar the introductory paragraph below is a re-written introductory paragraph to replace what is currently on the existing article. I've also re-written and significantly added to the Reception section on the existing article, and amended it to include some of the criticism of both scholarly and mainstream reviews. Thanks!

The Age of Surveillance Capitalism (book)
The Age of Surveillance Capitalism is a non-fiction book written by Professor Shoshana Zuboff. The book outlines in detail the emergence and current dominance of a new strand of capitalism that Zuboff names “surveillance capitalism”. Her work is focused on some of the largest corporations of the twenty-first century and demonstrates how companies (like Google, Amazon, Microsoft, etc) owe their success to the discovery of profit built on what she refers to as “data exhaust”. The overarching project of the book is to demonstrate that what has previously been characterised as an ‘inevitable’ progression of technology and capitalism can in fact be traced to an intentional choice to profit from 'data exhaust' and their resale value in predictive analytics. The book has been praised among both general and specialised audiences. The first hardcover edition of the book was published by PublicAffairs on January 15th 2019. The paperback edition was later published in March 2020. The book is 704 pages in length. 167 of the 704 pages are notes that lay out the sources and materials referenced throughout.

Author
Shoshana Zuboff is a Professor Emerita of the Harvard Business School. The former Charles Edward Wilson Professor of Business Administration, she was one of the youngest women to receive an endowed chair. Zuboff, joined the faculty in 1981 and was among the first tenured women at Harvard Business School. Her academic background is in psychology and philosophy, having received her B.A from University of Chicago in Philosophy. Zuboff then went on to earn her PhD from Harvard in Social Psychology. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism is her third book. Her first book was published in 1988 titled In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power. Her second, The Support Economy: Why Corporations are Failing Individuals and the Next Episode of Capitalism, was published in 2002. Zuboff credits both books for establishing the foundation needed to write The Age of Surveillance Capitalism.

Definitions of Surveillance Capitalism
The book prefaces the introduction by eight definitions of surveillance capitalism. First, surveillance capitalism is “a new economic order that claims human experience as free raw material for hidden commercial practices of extraction, prediction, and sales.” Second, surveillance capitalism is “a parasitic economic logic in which the production of goods and services is subordinated to a new global architecture of behavioural modification.” Three, “a rogue mutation of capitalism marked by concentrations of wealth knowledge, and power unprecedented in human history.” Four, surveillance capitalism is “the foundational framework of a surveillance economy.” Five, that it is “as significant a threat to human nature in the twenty-first century as industrial capitalism was to the natural world in the nineteenth and twentieth.” Sixth, that surveillance capitalism is “the origin of a new instrumentarian power that asserts dominance over society and presents startling challenges to market democracy.” Surveillance capitalism in the seventh definition is characterized as “a movement that aims to impose a new and collective order based on total certainty.” Finally the eighth definition of surveillance capitalism is that it is “an expropriation of critical human rights that is best understood as a coup from above, an overthrow of the people’s sovereignty.” These definitions appear throughout the work and help to guide and blueprint the complex infrastructure and theory behind surveillance capitalism that Zuboff depicts.

Summary
The book is organised into three parts: "The Foundations of Surveillance Capitalism", "The Advance of Surveillance Capitalism", and "Instrumentarian Power for A Third Modernity". Zuboff maps out the aims of each of these parts in the introduction. Part I is dedicated to exploring the early days of Google and its ‘tactical playbook’ and institutionalisation of ‘surveillance capitalist operations...as the dominant form of information capitalism.” Part II defines what Zuboff calls ‘the new reality business’ as the transformation of ‘all aspects of human experience are claimed as raw-material supplies and targeted for rendering into behavioural data.”Part III defines and tracks in depth the ‘rise of instrumentarian power’ a rise whose ‘materialisation’ Zuboff claims to  ‘signal the transformation of the market into a project of total certainty, an undertaking that is unimaginable outside the digital milieu.” These three parts are book-ended by an introduction, titled "Home or Exile in the Digital Future", and a conclusion titled, "A Coup from Above"''. ''Each part is further divided into chapters. Each chapter is prefaced with an excerpt relating to that chapter’s focus, from Sonnets from China written by author W. H. Auden. Zuboff included these excerpts as they are “a poignant exploration of humanity’s mythic history, the perennial struggle against violence and domination, and the transcendent power of the human spirit and its relentless claim on the future.” Part I and II each contain five chapters, and Part III contains six. Each chapter, including the introduction and conclusion, is further organised into various subsections that are subtitled according to the concept that Zuboff is illuminating for her readers. The heavily organised structuring of the sections aids helps keep track of the many complicated and interweaving concepts that Zuboff outlines. In the introduction Zuboff states that the question around which the entire book, and much of her professional work, orients around is “are we all going to be working for smart machines, or will we have smart people around the machine?”

Part I: "The Foundations of Surveillance Capitalism"
Part I begins with "Chapter Two: August 9, 2011 Setting The Stage For Surveillance Capitalism." The focus of this chapter revolves around this date of August 9, 2011 on which three separate events occurred each of which according to Zuboff represented the “bountiful prospects and gathering dangers of our emerging information system.” The first event is Apple “surpassed Exxon Mobile as the World’s most highly capitalised corporation.” The second was “a fatal police shooting in London” which “sparked extensive rioting across the city”. This event is also known as the 2011 England Riots. The third and final on this same day was that “Spanish citizens asserted their rights to a human future when they challenged Google by demanding “the right to be forgotten.” The case that came to be an example of this challenge, Zuboff discusses it in this chapter, is the Google Spain V AEPD and Mario Costeja Gonzalez. These events serve as case studies for Zuboff to demonstrate the shift toward surveillance capitalism and its ‘prospects’ and ‘dangers’. Chapter Two focuses predominantly on these three events and their indication of what Zuboff calls ‘The Two Modernities'. "Chapter Three: The Discovery of Behavioural Surplus" focuses on a detailed comparison between Google and the Ford Motor Company. Chapter Three introduces key terms that reappear throughout the book such as ‘behavioural surplus’ ‘data exhaust’ ‘behavioural value reinvestment cycle’ and ‘extraction imperative’. The introduction of these concepts during this chapter are tools Zuboff uses to  illustrate the fundamental change that Google underwent in the late 2000 amidst what is known as the dot com bubble. "Chapter Four: The Moat Around the Castle" illustrates the historic and contextual conditions that enabled companies, namely Google, to profit from the new modes of surveillance capitalism. Zuboff distils it down to a ‘convergence’ of three ‘circumstances and proactive strategies’. “The relentless pursuit and defence of the founders’ “freedom” through corporate control and an insistence on the right to lawless space.” The historical moment  that enabled this progression included ‘the emerging capabilities of behavioural surplus and prediction in the aftermath of the September 2001 terror attacks.” Zuboff calls a third condition ‘ the intentional construction of fortifications in the worlds of politics and culture’. This refers to the creation of close personal and professional ties between Google executives and national and international governing bodies. "Chapter Five: The Elaboration of Surveillance Capitalism; Kidnap Corner and Compete", expands on the concepts of ‘extraction imperative’ and ‘the dispossession cycle’ specifically as they apply to Google. "Chapter Six: Hijacked: The Division of Learning in Society" revolves around the ‘essential questions’ Zuboff suggests ‘define knowledge, authority, and power in our time: Who knows? Who decides?” This chapter explores the ‘dynamic of behavioural surplus accumulation’ and ‘inevitabilism’.

Part II: "The Advance of Surveillance Capitalism"
The opening chapter, "Chapter Seven: The Reality Business", maps the progression of surveillance capitalism into the material world from the ‘digital milieu’. This part demonstrates that as surveillance capitalism grows the extraction of data is no longer the end goal. But rather that the extraction of this data serves increasingly specific and targeted predictive purposes. This evolution comes as a result of increasingly invasive protocols. This evolution becomes the focus of "Chapter Eight: Rendition: From Experience to Data." "Chapter Nine: Rendition from The Depths" focuses on the use of the term “personalization” and turns its attention from Google to Facebook. Exploring the permission and privacy boundaries that are circumvented by stating the interest of a service be ‘personalization’. "Chapter Ten: Make Them Dance" shifts from the books explication of surveillance capital and its function and infrastructure to discuss the new kinds of ‘behavioural modifications’ and ‘economies of action’ that are arising by consequence. This chapter introduces work conducted by psychologist B. F Skinner, a former Harvard Colleague of Zuboff, who’s best known for his work in behavioural psychology. Zuboff credits her conversations with Skinner for leaving her with ‘an indelible fascination with a way of construing life’ she is credited with her intimate understanding of Skinner’s vision as giving her take on behavioural modifications, technology and surveillance capitalism. "Chapter Eleven: The Right to The Future Tense" revisits the transition of surveillance capitalism towards profit emerging from predictive analytics rather than just ‘data exhaust’. The chapter looks to answer the question that Zuboff poses ‘how did they get away with it’ referring to the implementation of surveillance capitalism and its new profit reliant on its ability to mold and predict consumer behaviour.

Part III: "Instrumentarian Power For A Third Modernity"
This section starts with "Chapter Twelve: Two Species of Power". This chapter begins to answer Zuboff’s question of the kind of society that will be brought about by the domination of capitalism by surveillance capitalism by identifying ‘instrumentarian power’ and ‘totalitarianism’ as equal but opposing alternatives. Chapter Twelve focuses on the nuances of ‘totalitarianism’. In this section of Zuboff defers to several of the foundational studies on the topic conducted by scholars such as Carl Friedrich and Hannah Arendt. In the following chapter, "Chapter Thirteen: Big Other and the Rise of Instrumentarian Power", Zuboff names the surveillance capitalism ‘puppet master’ ‘Big Other’, this ‘Big Other’s capabilities...reduces human experience to measurable observable behaviour while remaining steadfastly indifferent to the meaning of that experience. In this chapter Zuboff uses B.F Skinner’s Walden Two and the ‘social credit system described...as the core of China’s internet agenda’ as far fetched examples that are imaginable in the Big Other apparatus. "Chapter Fourteen: A Utopia of Certainty" looks in particular at Microsoft’s lofty societal ambitions and ‘instrumentarian society’. "Chapter Fifteen: The Instrumentarian Collective" numerates a list of five principles that make for an instrumentarian society. "Chapter Sixteen: Of life in the Hive" and "Chapter Seventeen: The Right to Sanctuary" are both examples of Zuboff imparting moralistic and pleading messages onto readers about the information that she’s delivered up to date. Both chapters refer back to the thematic question of the  introduction’s title, will humanity find "Home or Exile in the Digital Future"?

Reception & Criticism
Zuboff’s “part manifesto, part deeply researched modern history” has garnered attention both from the academic community and several larger scale media outlets. TIME magazine included The Age of Surveillance Capitalism amongst their “Must-Read Books of 2019”. The New Yorker put it at the top of its “Our Favourite Nonfiction Books of 2019”. The Guardian heralded The Age of Surveillance Capitalism as “ a striking and illuminating book." Adding that it is “the most ambitious attempt yet to paint the bigger picture and to explain how the effects of digitisation that we are now experiencing as individuals and citizens have come about.” Variety notes that Zuboff’s book made the top of former US President Barack Obama’s highly coveted must-read list of 2019. Zuboff additionally made the list of Indigo Booksellers “Heather’s Picks” list and “Best Books of 2019” collection. In “Heather’s Review” Zuboff’s book is called “ a weighty tome wrapped in a modest beige jacket...Zuboff’s  extensive research and flair for metaphor deftly show how we got to this point and creates a fascinating, infuriating and sobering mirror…” The attention that this sizeable read is getting from the general public is not without criticism. The most notable of which appears to be of the books length. Nicholas Carr for the LA Review of Books calls it “a long and sprawling book." In Carr’s review the length of the book comes across as a disservice to Zuboff’s larger argument. Carr states “Zuboff is prone to wordiness and hackneyed phrasing” and “at times delivers her criticism in overwrought prose that blunts its effect.”  The review goes on to suggest that the book is “overstuffed.” Carr attributes this to be a consequence of Zuboff’s writing stating that “Zuboff feels compelled to make the same point in a dozen different ways” adding that “stronger editorial discipline would have sharpened the message.” Carr is not alone in criticising the book’s length. Sam di Bella in a review for the London School of Economics in November of 2019, characterises The Age of Surveillance Capitalism as “a very long book.” In this review di Bella’s acknowledgement of the length is not as critical as Carr’s. However di Bella goes on to state that “the complicated interweaving narrative memoir and academic description is also not structured in a friendly manner for the reader.” (di Bella) Carr seems to attribute the length of Zuboff’s text to repetition, and di Bella appears to suggest that the style of writing is uninviting to readers, separate from length. Despite these critiques and “whatever its imperfections”, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism is heralded “an original and often brilliant work." Zuboff’s writing is mentioned again in Rafael Evangelista’s review featured in the journal Surveillance & Society. Evangelista points out that “Zuboff’s book is written from a certain political, philosophical and geographical position” and that “this positioning, which the author does not hide at any moment, seems to function as narrative motor that structures the main debate.” Evangelista’s review goes on to suggest that the benefit of Zuboff’s narrative approach is that it has a “necessary emotional weight” to entice her readers “to understand the current challenges surveillance capitalism poses.” Additionally on the point of Zuboff’s appeal as a writer, Evangelista observes that “ The Age of Surveillance Capitalism is written with the intensity of someone who wants to save a type of subjectivity, of individual, of society…” The overall project in Zuboff’s “large, ambitious and self-consciously summative book”  is praised for its comparative structure in particular its persistent comparison and contrast of Google to GM (General Motors) and Ford (Ford Motor Company). In a book review from the Journal of Cultural Economy by Paul Giles, Giles suggests that “the strongest aspects of her work turn on its detailed historical analysis how surveillance capitalism quickly endured after the incorporation of Google in ’98.” Giles goes on to say that “Zuboff has a good eye for ways in which the evolving technologies of capitalism intersected with social and political circumstances in the early years of the twenty-first century, and she achieves a kind of judicious perspective on these events that one would more naturally expect from a historian writing several decades later.” This effective praise of Zuboff’s ability to connect for her readers the nuances of the landscape in which, her Google case study in particular, digital corporations came out the winners and incidental creators of a new capitalism that was disguised as an evolution of technology they were selling in the old capitalism. Giles again praises that Zuboff “is especially good on the legal and political manoeuvres undertaken by Google and Facebook to defend their profitable supplies of information” adding that Zuboff lays out plainly that these companies succeeded in selling their services and by extension surveillance capitalism, by selling the technology that brought about these changes as ‘inevitable'. It is on the subject of Zuboff’s attention to Google that Giles raises an issue with the length of The Age of Surveillance Capitalism,  “a touch long-winded and repetitive at times. (The comparison between Google and General Motors is hammered home too often).” In his review, Giles most pointed critique of Zuboff’s work comes when he observes that her “link between contemporary surveillance capitalism and the shades of ‘totalitarianism’ in Nazi Germany seems like an unwarranted scare tactic.”  This comment reflects a theme in the criticism of The Age of Surveillance Capitalism asking whether the book's warning of the consequences of surveillance capitalism renders its readers into ‘paralysis' rather than 'praxis’ as another review suggests. In spite of this suggestion, Giles summarises his review by stating that “...as comprehensive summa charting ways in which technological, legal and financial forces have converged with one another during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, Zuboff’s book serves to position the recent past within a discrete historical context and this makes it a very informative and illuminating work.”