User:Rincewind42/sandbox/Stuart period

The Stuart period of British history usually refers to the period between 1603 and 1714 and sometimes from 1371 in Scotland. This coincides with the rule of the House of Stuart, whose first monarch was James VI of Scotland. The period ended with the death of Queen Anne and the accession of George I from the House of Hanover. The Stuart period was plagued by internal and religious strife.

English civil war - War of the Three Kingdoms
The English Civil War(s) took place during the reign of Charles I, the second Stuart monarch. The war ended in victory for the Parliamentarians. Charles was executed in 1649.

After this conflict, the line of Stuart monarchs was temporarily displaced by the Commonwealth of England. Their rule lasted from 1649 to 1660. Oliver Cromwell ruled directly from 1653 to 1659. After Cromwell's death the Commonwealth fell apart. The Convention Parliament welcomed Charles II, son of Charles I, to return from exile and become king. This event was known as the English Restoration.

Anglo Dutch Wars
The Anglo-Dutch Wars were a series of three wars which took place between the English and the Dutch from 1652 to 1674. English defeats forced Charles II to sign for peace and led to Dutch domination of sea trading routes until 1713.

Popish Plot
The Popish Plot (1678) was an alleged Catholic conspiracy concerning a fictitious manuscript which accused the Roman Catholic Church of approving an assassination of Charles II. The plot led to anti-Catholic hysteria in England and the executions of approximately 35 innocent persons.

Timeline

 * 1603-1625:Jacobean Era


 * 1625-1642:Caroline Era


 * 1642-1651:English Civil War


 * 1651-1660:English Interregnum


 * 1660:Restoration of Charles II


 * 1688:Glorious revolution

Monarchs
 James I of England : Family Tree



England     King James I : 1533–1603     Scotland



James I was King of Scots as James VI from 1567 to 1625 King of England and Ireland as James I from 1603 to 1625. King of Scots as James VI in 1567 aged thirteen months succeeding his mother Mary, Queen of Scots. Anne of Denmark (1574–1619) was Queen Consort to King James VI and I.



Stuart Kings and Queens (1603-1714)



James I 'Charles I 'Charles II 'James II  Mary II  William III'Anne 

 Anne of Great Britain : Family Tree



England     Queen Anne : 1665-1714     Scotland



Anne was Queen regnant of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1702. When James II was deemed abdicated during the Glorious Revolution (1688-89). her sister and brother-in-law became joint monarchs William III and Mary II. After Mary's death in 1694, William was monarch until his death in 1702. Anne reigned until 1714 as last Stuart Queen of England and of the Scots.

The House of Stuart produced six English monarchs who ruled during this period.

The early Stuarts.
 * King James I (1603 to 1625).
 * King Charles I (1625 to 1649).

The late Stuarts.
 * King Charles II (1660 to 1685).
 * King James II (1685 to 1688).
 * Queen Mary II (1689 to 1702). Reigned with William III of House of Orange-Nassau.
 * Queen Anne (1702 to 1714)