User:Rjensen/sandbox/CivilWar

Economic history of the United States Civil War and Reconstruction

Food
In Southern Agriculture during the Civil War Era, 1860-1880 ( 1994) John Otto attributes the failure of the Confederacy to supply its troops (and civilians) adequately with food to the "uninspired" (p. 23) leadership of Confederate Commissary-General Lucius Northrop, who became "the most cussed and vilified man in the Confederacy." Otto notes that by 1864, "the Confederate soldier possessed first-class ordnance but had second-class accouterments and ate third-class rations" (p. 28)--when he ate, that is.

Economic history of American civil war

 * Economy of the Confederate States of America
 * Blockade runners of the American Civil War
 * Civil War token
 * Confederate railroads in the American Civil War
 * Confederate States dollar
 * Confederate war finance
 * Cotton diplomacy
 * King Cotton
 * Lancashire Cotton Famine
 * Market Revolution
 * Memphis and Charleston Railroad
 * Plantation era
 * Salt in the American Civil War

USA

 * Economic history of the United States
 * Gilded Age
 * Greenback (1860s money)
 * History of agriculture in the United States
 * History of banking in the United States
 * History of central banking in the United States
 * [[History of monetary policy in the United Statesv
 * [[Homestead Actsv
 * Jay Cooke & Company
 * List of oldest companies in the United States
 * Shoddy millionaires
 * Tariffs in United States history
 * Taxation history of the United States

Own copies

 * Andreano, ed. The Economic Impact of the American Civil War (1962)
 * Bacon, sinews of war technology industry and transportation won the Civil War
 * Curry, Leonard blueprint for modern America
 * Emerson David Fite, Social and industrial conditions in the North during the Civil War (1910) online edition
 * Emory Thomas the Confederate nation
 * Gallman Matthew the North fights the Civil War – the homefront
 * Gates Hall the farmers last frontier-- very limited
 * Goldin, Claudia, "The economics of emancipation." The Journal of Economic History 33#1 (1973): 66–85.
 * Kirkland industry comes of age business labor and public policy 1860-1897
 * Merk, Economic history of Wisconsin during the Civil War decade
 * Pauldan A People's contest – the union and Civil War
 * Richardson Heather Cox (1997). The Greatest Nation of the Earth: Republican Economic Policies During the Civil War. HRalpharvard University Press. pp. 9, 41, 52, 111, 116, 120, 182, 202.
 * Ritter questia . Leaders of the American Civil War: A Biographical and Historiographical Dictionary
 * Schweikart, Larry, ed. Banking and Finance to 1913 (1990); Banking and Finance, 1913-1989 (2 vol 1990),

cites Woodworth The American Civil War A Handbook of Literature and Research

 * Ball Douglas B. Financial Failure and Confederate Defeat. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1991.
 * Bateman Fred, and Thomas Weiss. A Deplorable Scarcity: The Failure of Industrialization in the Slave Economy. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1981.
 * Burdekin Richard C. K., and Farrokh K. Langdana. "War Finance in the Southern Confederacy, 1861-1865." Explorations in Economic History 30 ( 1993): 352- 376.
 * Craig Lee A., and Thomas Weiss. "Agricultural Productivity Growth during the Decade of the Civil War." Journal of Economic History 53 ( 1993): 527-548.
 * Davis George K., and Gary M. Pecquet. "Interest Rates in the Civil War South." Journal of Economic History 50 ( 1990): 133-148.
 * DeCanio Stephen, and Joel Mokyr. "Inflation and the Wage Lag during the American Civil War." Explorations in Economic History 14 ( 1977): 311-336.
 * Engerman Stanley. "The Economic Impact of the Civil War." Explorations in Economic History 3 ( 1966): 176-199.
 * Gallman Robert. "Commodity Output, 1839-99." In William Parker, ed. Trends in the American Economy in the Nineteenth Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1960.
 * Goldin Claudia D. "The Economics of Emancipation." Journal of Economic History 33 ( 1973): 66-85.
 * Goldin Claudia D., and Frank D. Lewis. "The Economic Cost of the American Civil War: Estimates and Implications." Journal of Economic History 35 ( 1975): 299- 326.
 * Gunderson Gerald. "The Origin of the American Civil War." Journal of Economic History 34 ( 1974): 915-950.
 * Kessel Reuben, and Armen Alchian. "Real Wages in the North during the Civil War: Mitchell's Data Reinterpreted." Journal of Law and Economics 2 ( 1959): 95- 113.
 * Lebergott Stanley. "Through the Blockade: The Profitability and Extent of Cotton Smuggling, 1861-1865." Journal of Economic History 41 ( 1981): 867-888.
 * Lerner Eugene. "The Monetary and Fiscal Programs of the Confederate Government, 1861-1865." Journal of Political Economy 62 ( 1954): 506-522.
 * Lerner -. "Money, Prices, and Wages in the Confederacy, 1861-1865." Journal of Political Economy 63 ( 1955): 20-40.
 * Meyer David R. "The Industrial Retardation of Southern Cities, 1860-1880." Explorations in Economic History 25 ( 1988): 366-386.
 * Olmstead Alan. "The Civil War as a Catalyst of Technological Change in Agriculture." Business and Economic History 5 ( 1976): 36-50.
 * Otto John Solomon. Southern Agriculture during the Civil War Era, 1860-1880. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1994.
 * Paludan Phillip S. A People's Contest: The Union and Civil War, 1861-1865. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.
 * Pecquet Gary M. "Money in the Trans-Mississippi Confederacy and the Confederate Currency Reform Act of 1864." Explorations in Economic History 24 ( 1987): 218-243.
 * Ransom Roger L. Conflict and Compromise: The Political Economy of Slavery, Emancipation, and the American Civil War. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
 * Rasmussen Wayne. "The Civil War: A Catalyst of Agricultural Revolution." Agricultural History 39 ( 1965): 187-195.
 * Roll Richard. "Interest Rates and Price Expectations during the Civil War." Journal of Economic History 32 ( 1972): 476-498.
 * Surdam David G. "Cotton's Potential as Economic Weapon: The Antebellum and Wartime Markets for Cotton Textiles." Agricultural History 68 ( 1994): 122-145.
 * Sylla Richard. "The United States, 1863-1913." In Rondo Cameron, ed. Banking and Economic Development: Some Lessons from History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.
 * Temin Peter. "The Post-Bellum Recovery of the South and the Cost of the Civil War." Journal of Economic History 36 ( 1976): 898-907.
 * Todd R. C. Confederate Finance. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1954.
 * Williamson Jeffrey G. "Watersheds and Turning Points: Conjectures on the Long-TermImpact of Civil War Financing."

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1. Confederate Political Economy: Creating and Managing a Southern Corporate Nation. Review

By: Olsen, Christopher J. Virginia Magazine of History & Biography. 2017, Vol. 125 Issue 3, p296-298. 3p. 1 Black and White Photograph. Historical Period: 1861 to 1865. (AN: 125091745), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Confederate States of America -- Economic conditions; American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; Nonfiction; Confederate Political Economy: Creating & Managing a Southern Corporatist Nation (Book); Bonner, Michael Brem

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2. "Destined to produce [a]... revolution": Michigan's Iron Ore Industry in the Civil War. Academic Journal

By: Reynolds, Terry. Michigan Historical Review. Fall2013, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p21-49. 29p. Historical Period: ca 1857 to ca 1867. Abstract: The article discusses the iron ore mining industry in Michigan's Upper Peninsula during the period of the U.S. Civil War. An overview of iron miners' strikes, including for increases in wages and fewer work hours, is provided. The relationship between the Civil War and the iron mining industry, including in regard to mine investments and labor shortages, is discussed. The role that railroads played in transporting iron ores to blast furnaces throughout the U.S. is also discussed. (AN: 93284092), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Iron mines & mining -- United States; Upper Peninsula (Mich.) -- History -- 19th century; Mineral industries -- United States -- History; Iron ores -- History -- 19th century; American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; Railroads -- United States -- History; Strikes & lockouts -- Iron mining -- History; Blast furnaces -- History -- 19th century

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3. From Old South to New South: Seeds of Industrialization for Chattanooga, Tennessee, 1863-1877. Academic Journal

By: Morgan, Danielle. Journal of East Tennessee History. 2014, Vol. 86, p18-40. 23p. Historical Period: 1863 to 1877. Abstract: The article focuses on the evolution of the town of Chattanooga, Tennessee from the center of American Civil War to its rebuilding as a focus of investment and industrialization during post-war Reconstruction. The key factor that contributed to his economic development include the use of the town as a supply and transportation center for Union troops, the role of northern entrepreneurs and the African American community, and the establishment of profitable enterprises by capitalists. (AN: 102445047), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Chattanooga (Tenn.) -- Economic conditions; Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877) -- Economic aspects; American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; African American history, 1863-1877; Capitalists & financiers -- History -- 19th century

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4. Houses Divided. Academic Journal

By: LUSKEY, BRIAN P. Journal of the Early Republic. Winter2016, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p637-657. 21p. 3 Illustrations. Historical Period: ca 1861 to ca 1865. Abstract: An essay is provided which discusses the impact of that cultural economy, created by the emancipation of slaves, had on the U.S. Northeastern states during the American Civil War. An overview of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society’s (PAS's) efforts gain freed African American slaves employment is provided. The merchant's wife Jane M. Cary's perspective on the alleged dominance that Irish immigrant domestic servant women had over the domestic labor market, including in regard to her correspondence Philadelphia, Pennsylvania resident Joseph M. Truman, is discussed. (AN: 120130188), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Economics & culture; Emancipation of slaves -- Social aspects; Northeastern States -- History -- 19th century; American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Social aspects; Freedmen -- Employment; Women household employees -- United States -- History; Employment of African Americans -- History; Labor -- United States -- History

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5. MAPPING THE SHORT-RUN IMPACT OF THE CIVIL WAR AND EMANCIPATION ON THE SOUTH CAROLINA ECONOMY. Academic Journal

By: LATZKO, DAVID A. South Carolina Historical Magazine. Oct2015, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p258-279. 22p. Historical Period: 1859 to 1882. (AN: 123767071), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: American Civil War, 1861-1865; Emancipation of slaves -- United States; South Carolina -- Economic conditions

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6. Perceptions of America and British Reform during the 1860s. Academic Journal

By: TURNER, MICHAEL J. Civil War History. Sep2013, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p320-357. 38p. 5 Black and White Photographs. Historical Period: ca 1861 to ca 1870. Abstract: The article examines how the U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction impacted political reform in Great Britain during the 1860s. It discusses liberalism in British politics, perceived messages about liberty, self-determination, and constitutional government sent from the U.S. to Great Britain, and radicalism in Great Britain. The article also discusses reaction to the U.S. Emancipation Proclamation issued by then-U.S. president Abraham Lincoln and economic conditions in Bradford, Yorkshire. (AN: 89592530), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: United States. President (1861-1865 : Lincoln). Emancipation Proclamation; Political reform -- History -- 19th century; Political change -- History; Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877); Liberalism -- Great Britain; Bradford (West Yorkshire, England) -- Economic conditions; Great Britain -- Politics & government -- 1837-1901; American Civil War, 1861-1865

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7. THE AMERICAN SYSTEM AND THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF BLACK COLONIZATION. Academic Journal

By: Magness, Phillip W. Journal of the History of Economic Thought (Cambridge University Press). Jun2015, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p187-202. 16p. Historical Period: 1816 to 1865. Abstract: From 1816 through to the end of the Civil War, the colonization of emancipated slaves in Africa and the American tropics occupied a prominent place in federal policy discussions. Although colonization has traditionally been interpreted as an aberration in anti-slavery thought on account of its dubious racial legacy and discounted for its impracticality, its political persistence remains a challenge for historians of the antebellum era. This article offers an explanation by identifying a distinctive economic strain of colonization in the moderate anti-slavery advocacy of Mathew Carey, Henry Clay, and Abraham Lincoln. From the nullification crisis until the Civil War, adherents of this strain effectively integrated colonization into the American System of political economy. Their efforts were undertaken to both reconcile their respective anti-slavery views with a raw-material-dependent domestic industrialization program, and to adapt American System insights to an intended program of gradual, compensated emancipation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] DOI: 10.1017/S1053837215000206. (AN: 102976176), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: American Civil War, 1861-1865; Colonization -- History -- 19th century; Antislavery movements -- United States -- History; Carey, Mathew, 1760-1839; Clay, Henry, 1777-1852; Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865

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8. The Extraterritorial United States to 1860. Academic Journal

By: SHOEMAKER, NANCY. Diplomatic History. Jan2018, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p36-54. 19p. 1 Chart, 2 Maps. Historical Period: 1841 to 1865. Abstract: The article explores the extraterritorial U.S. as a separate territorial sphere of American activity but interconnected in myriad ways. It discusses five maritime geographies used as examples of American foreign activities as their larget demographic and geographic reach and visibility, but just few of the motivations driving Americans to work or live outside the country's borders. It looks into how individuals maintained a sense of themselves as Americans and how their initiatives and movements had larger impact on the national economy and on the design and growth of the federal government. It also examines the U.S. historiography's emphasis on territorial consolidation as the major theme of the nineteenth-century obscures early Americans' global awareness. (AN: 126988625), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Exterritoriality -- History; Foreign relations of the United States -- History; International relations -- History -- 17th century; American Civil War, 1861-1865; United States -- Boundaries; Federal government -- United States; Economic conditions in the United States -- History; Americans; Historiography

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9. The Impact of War on Resource Allocation: "Creative Destruction," Patenting, and the American Civil War. Academic Journal

By: Khan, B. Zorina. Journal of Interdisciplinary History. Winter2016, Vol. 46 Issue 3, p315-353. 39p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 8 Charts, 4 Graphs. Historical Period: 1855 to 1870. Abstract: The large exogenous shock to labor and capital markets, aggregate demand, the distribution of expenditures, and the rate and direction of technological innovation that war often causes can lead to substantial changes in the allocation of resources. Empirical evidence reveals a significant misallocation of resources during the American Civil War, as a result of reduced geographical mobility, greater incentives for individuals with high opportunity cost to switch into the market for military technologies, and decreased financial returns to inventors. However, the rapid economic recovery that ensued after the end of the war suggests that the misallocation was only temporary, not long inhibiting the capacity for future technological progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1162/JINH_a_00867. (AN: 110709989), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Technology; American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; Technological innovations; Inventors -- United States -- History; Patents; Inventions -- History -- 19th century; Social mobility; Capital market

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10. THE POLITICAL ECONOMIES OF SECESSION. Academic Journal

By: Schoen, Brian. Journal of the History of Economic Thought (Cambridge University Press). Jun2015, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p203-219. 17p. Historical Period: ca 1820 to 1865. Abstract: Economic analyses of American Civil War causation typically focus on longue durée structural arguments neglecting specific context and contemporary observers’ predictions about disunion’s effects. This article suggests secession heightened concern about government solvency and intensified a conversation about the nature of American inter- and intra-national trade, one hinging on ideas about relative dependence and positioning within the world economy. Deep South secessionists rested their claims on a cotton-centric economic worldview, trusting that their coveted commodity could finance independence and attract foreign partners. Pro-compromise northerners greatly feared that possibility. Less compromising Republican political economists countered that secession would reveal northern economic superiority and the South’s underlying weakness, eventually leading to voluntary reunion. Though competing sides envisioned peaceful pathways towards their ends, the actions of insolvent central governments—who feared that any compromise on contested forts and revenue ports would undermine the confidence of underwriters—militated against these imagined peaceful ends. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] DOI: 10.1017/S105383721500005X. (AN: 102976161), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Secession -- Southern States -- History; American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; Economic history -- 1750-1918; Economic conditions in the United States -- 19th century; Cotton trade -- United States -- History

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11. THE U.S. MERCHANT MARINE. Academic Journal

By: McMahon, Christopher J. Naval War College Review. Winter2016, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p86-108. 23p. Historical Period: 1800 to 2014. Abstract: The article focuses on the history of U.S. commercial shipping and the reasons for the decline in international trade by U.S. Merchant Marine. It discusses the need to support U.S.-flag merchant marine for economic prosperity of the country. Topics include U.S.-flag shipping industry restrictions, Cabotage laws and tariff, and the history of U.S. shipbuilding industry. Impacts of the American Civil War is discussed. (AN: 112530621), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: Merchant marine -- United States -- History; Maritime law -- United States; Flags -- United States; International trade -- History; American Civil War, 1861-1865; Cabotage -- Law & legislation

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12. Trading with the Enemy: The Covert Economy During the American Civil War. Review

By: KOONS, KENNETH E. Journal of Southern History. Nov2015, Vol. 81 Issue 4, p989-990. 2p. Historical Period: 1861 to 1865. (AN: 110844900), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; Nonfiction; Trading With the Enemy: The Covert Economy During the American Civil War (Book); Leigh, Philip

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13. WITHIN U.S. TRADE AND THE LONG SHADOW OF THE AMERICAN SECESSION. Academic Journal

By: FELBERMAYR, GABRIEL; GRÖSCHL, JASMIN. Economic Inquiry. Jan2014, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p382-404. 23p. 2 Black and White Photographs, 13 Charts, 1 Graph. Historical Period: 1993 to 2007. Abstract: Using data from U.S. commodity flow survey, we show that the historical Union-Confederacy border lowers contemporaneous trade between U.S. states by about 13%. The finding is robust over econometric models, survey waves, or aggregation levels. Including contemporaneous controls, such as network or institutional variables, lowers the estimate only slightly. Historical variables, such as slavery, do not explain the effect. Adding U.S. states unaffected by the Civil War, we argue that the friction is not merely reflecting unmeasured North-South differences. Finally, the border effect is larger for differentiated than for homogeneous goods, stressing the potential role for cultural factors and trust. (JEL F15, N72, N92, Z10 ) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-7295.2012.00510.x. (AN: 92017011), Database: America: History and Life with Full Text Subjects: American Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Economic aspects; Secession -- Southern States -- History; Slavery -- United States -- Economic aspects; Border trade -- Economic aspects; Market surveys -- United States

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Civil War

 * Andreano, Ralph, ed. % the Economic Impact of the American Civil War% (1967)
 * Boritt, Gabor. Lincoln and the Economics of the American Dream (1978)
 * Coulter, E. Merton. The Confederate States of America, 1861–1865. (1950).


 * Current, Richard N., et al. eds. Encyclopedia of the Confederacy (1993) (4 Volume set; also 1 vol abridged version)
 * Curry, Leonard P. %Blueprint for Modern America: Nonmilitary Legislation of the First Civil War Congress % (1968)
 * Davis, William C. and Robertson, James I., Jr., eds. Virginia at War, 1861. (2005).
 * Fite, Emerson David. Social and industrial conditions in the North during the Civil War (1910) online edition, old but still quite useful
 * Friedman, Milton. "The Role of War in American Economic Development: Price, Income, and Monetary Changes in the Three Wartime Periods." %American Economic Review % (1951) 42:612-25.
 * Eaton, Clement. A History of the Southern Confederacy, (1954)
 * Knight, H. Jackson. Confederate Invention: The Story of the Confederate States Patent Office and Its Inventors. Louisiana State University Press, 2011.
 * Massey, Mary Elizabeth. Ersatz in the Confederacy: Shortages and Substitutions on the Southern Homefront. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1994.
 * Nevins, Allan. Ordeal of the Union (1970), vol 5. The Improvised War, 1861-1862; vol 6. War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863; vol 7. The Organized War, 1863-1864; vol 8. The Organized War to Victory, 1864-1865. Very wide ranging scholarly coverage.
 * Paludan, Philip S. The Presidency of Abraham Lincoln. 1994.
 * Resch, John P. et al., Americans at War: Society, Culture and the Homefront vol 2: 1816-1900 (2005)
 * Richardson, Heather Cox. The Greatest Nation of the Earth: Republican Economic Policies during the Civil War. (1997).
 * Rubin, Anne Sarah. A Shattered Nation: The Rise and Fall of the Confederacy, 1861-1868. (2005).
 * Snodgrass, Mary Ellen. The Civil War Era and Reconstruction: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural and Economic History (2 vol. 2011)
 * Thomas, Emory M. Confederate Nation: 1861-1865. (1979).
 * Thomas, Emory M. The Confederacy as a Revolutionary Experience, (1992).
 * Thornton, Mark and Ekelund, Robert B., Jr. Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation: The Economics of the Civil War. (2004).
 * Wallenstein, Peter and Wyatt-Brown, Bertram, eds. Virginia's Civil War. University Press of Virginia, 2005.
 * Wilson, Mark R. The Business of Civil War: Military Mobilization and the State, 1861-1865. (2006).
 * Yearns, W. Buck, ed. The Confederate Governors. (1986).

Railroads
Bacon, Benjamin (1997) Sinews of War: How Technology, Industry and Transportation Won the Civil War. Novato: Presidio Press. ISBN 0-89141-626-9. * Ramsdell, Charles W. "The Confederate Government and the Railroads" The American Historical Review (1917) 22#4 in JSTOR
 * Bailey, Joe R. "Union Lifeline in Tennessee: A Military History of the Nashville and Northwestern Railroad," Tennessee Historical Quarterly (2008) 67#2 pp. 106–123 in JSTOR
 * Black III, Robert C. "Railroads in the Confederacy." Civil War History (1961) 7#3 pp: 231-238. online
 * Black, III, Robert C. The Railroads of the Confederacy (1952) excerpt and text search
 * Clark, John Elwood. Railroads in the Civil War: The Impact of Management on Victory and Defeat (LSU Press, 2001)
 * Cotterill, R. S. "The Louisville and Nashville Railroad 1861-1865," American Historical Review (1924) 29#4 pp. 700–715 in JSTOR
 * Fish, Carl Russell. "The Northern Railroads, April, 1861," The American Historical Review, 22#4 (1917), pp. 778–793 ; old but still valuable
 * Lash, Jeffrey N. "Joseph E. Johnston and the Virginia Railways, 1861-62." Civil War History 35.1 (1989): 5-27. online
 * Lash, Jeffrey N. Destroyer of the Iron Horse: General Joseph E. Johnston and Confederate Rail Transport. 1861-65 (1991).
 * Leignadier, Victoria A. "Railroads in the Civil War: A Strategic Perspective' (Army War College 2001) online.
 * Lord, Francis Alfred. Lincoln's railroad man: Herman Haupt (1969).
 * Hodges, Robert R. Jr. (2009) American Civil War Railroad Tactics. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-452-7.
 * McGuire, Peter S. "The Railroads of Georgia, 1860-1880." The Georgia Historical Quarterly (1932): 179-213. in JSTOR
 * Middleton, William D. ed. %Encyclopedia of North American Railroads%. (2007).
 * Riegel, R.E. "Federal Operation of Southern Railroads during the Civil War." Mississippi Valley Historical Review (1922) 9#2 in JSTOR
 * Summers, Festus P. Baltimore and Ohio in the Civil War. (1939). ISBN 1-879664-13-5.
 * Sutton, Robert M. The Illinois Central Railroad in peace and war, 1858-1868 (1948).
 * Turner, George E. Victory Rode the Rails: The Strategic Place of the Railroads in the Civil War (1953), an often-cited survey
 * Weber, Thomas. The Northern Railroads in the Civil War, 1861-1865 (1999) online

Gilded Age

 * Arnesen, Eric, ed. Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-Class History (3 vol. 2006), essays by scholars
 * Buenker, John D. and Joseph Buenker, eds. Encyclopedia of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. (2005). 1256 pp. in three volumes. ISBN 0-7656-8051-3; 900 short essays by 200 scholars
 * Fink, Leon. The Long Gilded Age: American Capitalism and the Lessons of a New World Order (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015) excerpt
 * Folsom, Burton W., and Forrest McDonald. The Myth of the Robber Barons: A New Look at the Rise of Big Business in America (1991), by leading conservative scholars
 * Fraser, Steve (2015). The Age of Acquiescence: The Life and Death of American Resistance to Organized Wealth and Power. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0316185434.
 * Knight, Peter. Reading the Market: Genres of Financial Capitalism in Gilded Age America (2016). xiv, 315 pp
 * Morgan, H. Wayne ed. The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal Syracuse University Press 1970. interpretive essays  online
 * Nevins, Allan. The Emergence of Modern America, 1865–1878 (1933) ISBN 0-403-01127-2, social history
 * Rees, Jonathan. Industrialization and the Transformation of American Life: A Brief Introduction (M.E. Sharpe, 2013) 139 pp
 * ; Pulitzer prize.
 * 276 pp
 * Wagner, David. Ordinary People: In and Out of Poverty in the Gilded Age (2008); traces people who were at one time in a poor house
 * White, Richard. The Republic for Which It Stands: The United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896 (2017). 960pp; wide-ranging scholarly survey
 * ; Pulitzer prize.
 * 276 pp
 * Wagner, David. Ordinary People: In and Out of Poverty in the Gilded Age (2008); traces people who were at one time in a poor house
 * White, Richard. The Republic for Which It Stands: The United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896 (2017). 960pp; wide-ranging scholarly survey

Historiography

 * De Santis, Vincent P. "The Gilded Age In American History" Hayes Historical Journal 7#2 (1988) online
 * White, Richard. The Republic for Which It Stands: The United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896 (2017) pp 873-901