User:Rock shoddy/sandbox

Criticism of the meme
It could be argued that the apparent neologism that is the non-apology apology is predicated on insufficient comprehension of the complexities of apology, and an automatic assumption that an effective apology is necessarily heartfelt, or that it “relieves the guilt of the offender”.

Typologies of apology note that apologies cover a range of situations and degrees of regret, remorse and contrition, and that success is to be gauged by the result of the apology rather than the degree of contrition involved. Deborah Levi offers the following possibilities


 * Tactical apology—when a person accused of wrongdoing offers an apology that is rhetorical and strategic—and not necessary heartfelt
 * Explanation apology—when a person accused of wrongdoing offers an apology that is merely a gesture that is meant to counter an accusation of wrongdoing. In fact, it may be used to defend the actions of the accused
 * Formalistic apology—when a person accused of wrongdoing offers an apology after being admonished to do so by an authority ﬁgure—who may also be the individual who suffered the wrongdoing
 * Happy ending apology—when a person accused of wrongdoing fully acknowledges responsibility for the wrongdoing and is genuinely remorseful

While the non-apology apology is clearly unsuited to situations where an expression of remorse, contrition and future change are clearly desirable (eg the “happy ending” apology), it may prove extremely useful in situations where little can be done to assuage the apparent offence or prevent its repetition, as when an airline apologises for a delay, in the full knowledge that a future repetition is inevitable. Such tactical apologies may have beneficial effects simply through the validation of the emotions of the offended party: they answer the basic human need for disagreeable emotions to be recognised and acknowledged as important, while protecting the apparently offending party from an expression of remorse. Negotiators often use this tactic to calm tense situations: “an apology can defuse emotions effectively, even when you do not acknowledge personal responsibility for the action or admit and intention to harm. An apology may be one of the least costly and most rewarding investments you can make.”