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= Cognitive and Metacognitive Theories in the K to 12 Curriculum Guide = Indicators of Cognitive and Metacognitive Theories in the K to 12 Curriculum Guide

Introduction

The rationale of the program anchors on the ultimate development of empowered individuals who are responsible and who live productive lives. The goal of the K to 12 Curriculum, it is expected that the curriculum focuses on the development of [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-2243-8_5#:~:text=Cognitive%20skills%20include%20instructional%20objectives,interest%2C%20selfefficacy%2C%20and%20attributions. cognitive and metacognitive skills.]

K to 12 Curriculum
The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 or R.A. 10533 also known as  the  K  to  12  Curriculum, is one  of  the  many  components,  yet  a  very  important  one,  of  the  total package of Philippine education reform. It provides for basic education of 13 years: Kindergarten (1 year), Elementary (Grades 1-6), Junior High School (Grades 7-10), and Senior High School (Grades 11-12).

The Department  of  Education  prescribed  a  curriculum  template  to  serve  as  a  guide  to  all  teachers teaching in the public and private schools in the country. The template defines the spiral progression of the different courses’ content, content standard, performance standard, learning competencies as well as the codes starting from the kindergarten level up to Grade 12. Teachers are encouraged to implement this in the context of their given situations considering availability of any of the resources, materials or support systems.

The goals of the K to 12 curriculum, in fact requires the development of higher-thinking skills and effective social skills so as to realize the goals to fruition.

Cognitive and Metacognitive Skills in Learning Objectives
This learning material looks into the K to 12 Curriculum to determine if there are indications that skills of cognition and metacognition are developed and considered in the teaching-learning process. The set of learning competencies serve as guide for the teacher as to what directions to take in teaching particularly, on methodologies that will help achieve such competencies.

The Cognition refers to skills required for daily living like, comprehension, memory, perceiving, and similar skills. While, The Metacognition refers to knowledge that people have about their cognitive processes, and the deliberate use these cognitive processes to improve learning.