User:Rpsenka/Pelican eel/Bibliography

Gartner, J. V. (1983). Sexual Dimorphism in the Bathypelagic Gulper Eel Eurypharynx pelecanoides (Lyomeri: Eurypharyngidae), with Comments on Reproductive Strategy. Copeia, 1983(2), 560–563. https://doi.org/10.2307/1444413


 * 1) Link: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1444413?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
 * 2) This is an article that talks about sexual dimorphism in the gulper eels (something the wiki page says they do not exhibit) and refers to specific qualitative observations on the female and male pelican eels to prove this point.
 * 3) These observations were made from organisms that were removed from the deep sea (not in situ).
 * 4) These observations are centered around observed  key differences in the nasal rosette between male and female gulper eels in addition to commentary to the eye size differences between male and female gulper eels.For the eye differences, the authors hypothesize what these differences may mean for how the different genders rely on particular senses.
 * 5) This article also comments on male sexual reproductive organs and reproductive strategy.

Davis, A. L., Thomas, K. N., Goetz, F. E., Robison, B. H., Johnsen, S., & Osborn, K. J. (2020). Ultra-black Camouflage in Deep-Sea Fishes. Current Biology, 30(17), 3470-3476.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.044


 * 1) Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982220308605
 * 2) This article begins talking with the different defensive strategies and camouflage and segues into focusing on hyperpigmentation otherwise known as ultrablack camouflage (which has a reflectance of light that is less than 0.5%) in 18 different species.
 * 3) This study was based off of the coast of California and Gulf of Mexico and studies animals that had been collected (not viewed in situ).
 * 4) This article talks about the ultra-black camouflage that many deep species exhibit–including the gulper eel. It talks about data which reference the melanosome pigmenting and reflectance of the skin and offers quantitative data for the gulper eel in these measures. They used scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to assess the surfaces of the ultrablack fish and see the pigmentation of the melanocytes.
 * 5) They discuss these results in comparison to other species with melanosome geometry that does not correlate to ultrablack pigmentation/low reflectance to help show that this phenomenon is what causes the low reflectance.

Motani, R., Chen, X., Jiang, D., Cheng, L., Tintori, A., & Rieppel, O. (2015). Lunge feeding in early marine reptiles and fast evolution of marine tetrapod feeding guilds. Scientific Reports, 5(1), 8900. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08900


 * 1) Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/srep08900
 * 2) This article comares many different morphological differences of jaws in deep sea creatures with special references to the pelican eel. With these different observations about the jaws of the pelican eels, and to the creatures they are similar to, they are able to hypothesize about its lunge feeding style.
 * 3) It gives a diagram of the mandibles of the pelican eel in relationship to other deep sea fish with long and skinny mandibles. The mandible of the pelican eel is visually, and quantitatively, the smallest in size.
 * 4) The scientists theorize that in consideration of the small jaw and the flexibility of it, that these observations could point to lunge feeding.
 * 5) They further go on to explain that these eels, like pelican birds, feed by widening the jaw and pouch.

Inoue, J. G., Miya, M., Tsukamoto, K., & Nishida, M. (2003). Evolution of the Deep-Sea Gulper Eel Mitochondrial Genomes: Large-Scale Gene Rearrangements Originated Within the Eels. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 20(11), 1917–1924. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msg206


 * 1) Link: https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/20/11/1917/1040060?login=true
 * 2) In the abstract, it was noted that two species of gulper eels exhibited unique gene orders that were the same to one another. From this, they hypothesize the gene event that led to the two species being created from their common ancestor.
 * 3) In this project, the entire mitogenomes of 6 organisms from the Saccopharyngiformes family (which is the line of the gulper eels). These species were amplified with over 80 fish primers and were analyzed to observe the gene rearrangements in the mitogenome that may make the pelican eels different from their other closely related ancestors.
 * 4) The scientists found that the E.pelecanoides has the same noncoding regions as S. lavenbergi showing their shared ancestry.

Miller, M. J., Marohn, L., Wysujack, K., Freese, M., Pohlmann, J.-D., Westerberg, H., Tsukamoto, K., & Hanel, R. (2019). Morphology and gut contents of anguillid and marine eel larvae in the Sargasso Sea. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 279, 138–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2019.01.008


 * 1) Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044523119300166
 * 2) This research article delves into the specific types of prey found in the digestive tracts of the different premature eels found in the deep sea, including Eurypharynx pelecanoides. The research also has a picture of the actual gut x-ray taken of the different eels as well. It was found that the gut contents of the E.pelecanoides was most similar in size and other qualities to the class of thraustrotrychid (protists).
 * 3) In the data chart it shows that the following was found in the belly of the observed E.pelecanoides: amorphous material, thraustochytrids, and other objects which were taken with a digital camera.
 * 4) From these observations, the scientists made hypotheses on the feeding habits of these deep sea eels in the study.