User:Ruiyao Wan/sandbox

Deterioration of Drainage Channels
The damage of drains in Karachi, called nalas (such as Gujjar Nala) has been severe in recent years. Residents buy solid waste and compact it along nalas to protect their homes and this move reduces the width of the nala. In addition, since the only two landfills in Karachi are far from the eastern city, more and more non-recyclable materials are thrown in to nalas. As the development plan of Karachi was not implemented, the pressure of insufficient space for commercial activities forced the government to build bazaars over the nalas.

Vast Population Increase and Lack of Development in Sewers
As the population of Karachi increases and the city expands, the construction of various sectors is becoming far away from the gutter garden, which is one part of Karachi’s sewage system. A planned sewage treatment plant was never built.

Real Estate Development
Due to the large-scale real estate development, many natural drainage channels and water collection depressions have been dismantled in the hilly formations north of the city. When it rains, the south of the area is completely flooded.

Serious Institutional Issues
The central and provincial governments of Karachi are controlled by different political parties and their views cannot be unified, making it is struggled to solve the infrastructure problems of Karachi and even unable to get sufficient investment to deal with drainage trouble.

Urban Infrastructure Construction
Strengthening the construction of urban infrastructure is particularly important for preventing natural disasters. The serious consequences are mainly due to the weak urban drainage system. It reveals that in order to tackle the problem caused by flood, Karachi needs to improve unban infrastructure. In addition, Pakistan should advance its aviation system to deal with flood disasters.

Healthcare Activities
Health-related activities should be undertaken during and after natural disasters. Such as mobile medical camps, which can offer disease treatment and prevention services as well as health science education for local people to reduce the risk of morbidity after disasters.