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= Pequot War =

Pequot raids[ edit]
In the aftermath, the English of Connecticut Colony had to deal with the anger of the Pequots. The Pequots attempted to get their allies to join their cause, some 36 tributary villages, but were only partly effective. The Western Niantic (Nehantic) joined them, but the Eastern Niantic (Nehantic) remained neutral. The traditional enemies of the Pequot, the Mohegan and the Narragansett, openly sided with the English. The Narragansetts had warred with and lost territory to the Pequots in 1622. Now their friend Roger Williams urged the Narragansetts to side with the English against the Pequots.

Through the autumn and winter, Fort Saybrook was effectively besieged. People who ventured outside were killed. As spring arrived in 1637, the Pequots stepped up their raids on Connecticut towns. On April 23, Wongunk chief Sequin attacked Wethersfield with Pequot help. They killed six men and three women, a number of cattle and horses, and took two young girls captive. (They were daughters of William Swaine and were later ransomed by Dutch traders.) In all, the towns lost about thirty settlers.

In May, leaders of Connecticut river towns met in Hartford, raised a militia, and placed Captain John Mason in command. Mason set out with ninety militia and seventy Mohegan warriors under Uncas; their orders were to directly attack the Pequot at their fort. At Fort Saybrook, Captain Mason was joined by John Underhill with another twenty men. Underhill and Mason then sailed from Fort Saybrook to Narragansett Bay, a tactic intended to mislead Pequot spies along the shoreline into thinking that the English were not intending an attack. After gaining the support of 200 Narragansetts, Mason and Underhill marched their forces with Uncas and Wequash Cooke approximately twenty miles towards Mistick Fort (present-day Mystic). They briefly camped at Porter's Rocks near the head of the Mystic River before mounting a surprise attack just before dawn. On the Pequot War about the view that the English were not protecting themselves by attacking the Pequot first.

Deleted previous and added English were not protecting themselves by attacking the Pequot.ents surrounding the Pequot War of 16371 came to be revised. In place of the view that the English were simply protecting themselves by preemptively attacking the Pequots,the revisionists argued that the Europeans used earlier, limited threats against them as cause to bring mass destruction on the Pequots.2 That assault is then taken to be a harbinger,a symbol of a larger, premeditated exterminatory intent that characterized the invasion of the New World. Katz, S. (1991). The Pequot War Reconsidered. The New England Quarterly, 64(2), 206-224. doi:10.2307/366121

Aftermath[ edit]
In September, the Mohegans and Narragansetts met at the General Court of Connecticut and agreed on the disposition of the Pequot survivors. The agreement is known as the first Treaty of Hartford and was signed on September 21, 1638. About 200 Pequots survived the war; they finally gave up and submitted themselves under the authority of the sachem of the Mohegans or Narragansetts:"There were then given to Onkos, Sachem of Monheag, Eighty; to Myan Tonimo, Sachem of Narragansett, Eighty; and to Nynigrett, Twenty, when he should satisfy for a Mare of Edward Pomroye's killed by his Men. The Pequots were then bound by Covenant, That none should inhabit their native Country, nor should any of them be called PEQUOTS any more, but Moheags and Narragansatts for ever."Other Pequots were enslaved and shipped to Bermuda or the West Indies, or were forced to become household slaves in English households in Connecticut and Massachusetts Bay. The Colonies essentially declared the Pequots extinct by prohibiting them from using the name any longer.

The colonists attributed their victory over the hostile Pequot tribe to an act of God:"Let the whole Earth be filled with his glory! Thus the lord was pleased to smite our Enemies in the hinder Parts, and to give us their Land for an Inheritance."This was the first instance wherein Algonquian peoples of southern New England encountered European-style warfare. After the Pequot War, there were no significant battles between Indians and southern New England colonists for about 38 years. This long period of peace came to an end in 1675 with King Philip's War. According to historian Andrew Lipman, the Pequot War introduced the practice of Colonists and Indians taking body parts as trophies of battle. Honor and monetary reimbursement was given to those who brought back heads and scalps of Pequots. '''Collision of cultures and break up of families. Women and children are enslaved.''' Deleted the previous and added on collusion of cultures and cultural control, most affected are women and children. This essay interrogates three key aspects of the Pequot War, when bodies became contested sites of cultural control that pivotally reshaped colonial New England.(FN6) First, the rhetoric and justifications of an offensive English war against the Pequots relied on the image of contested manhood in warfare, household, and husbandry. Second, after the defeat of the Pequots, male Pequot bodies continued to be treated as hostile and threatening; thus, they were physically removed from New England, which, in the minds of the conquerors, secured the cultural hegemony of Englishmen in their households. Third, Pequot women and children also became subjects of English cultural ideologies. Viewed as nonthreatening and domestic, they were also enslaved -- but within the boundaries of English plantations. This treatment revealed English gender ideologies: whereas Pequot men could not be governed and might well rematerialize as a military force, Pequot women and children would prove naturally submissive and servile to English authority. Thus the extent of English cultural blindness to Pequot autonomy and identity is revealed.Cremer AR. Possession: Indian Bodies, Cultural Control, and Colonialism in the Pequot War. Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal. 2008;6(2):295-345. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hft&AN=509868751&scope=site. .