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Description Around 2000 species are within Euphorbiaceae family. E. milii is a perennial succulent subshrub or shrub growing to 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) tall, with densely spiny stems. The straight, slender spines, up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long, help it scramble over other plants. The leaves are found mainly on new growth,[2] and are up to 3.5 cm (1.4 in) long and 1.5 cm (0.59 in) broad. The flowers are small, subtended by a pair of conspicuous petal-like bracts, variably red, pink or white, up to 12 mm (0.47 in) broad.[3] Has a dual impact on the environment and human interaction.

Usages  Toxicity The sap is moderately poisonous, and causes irritation on contact with skin or eyes. If ingested, it causes severe stomach pain, irritation of the throat and mouth, and vomiting. The poisonous ingredients have been identified as phorbol esters.[4] Wat Phrik in Thailand claims to be the home of the world's tallest Christ thorn plant.[5] Euphorbia milii can be propagated from cuttings.[6] For certain animals (Horses, cats, etc) the plant is very toxic. Especially for humans where if honey was extracted, it will cause harm. Though it is important in the medicinal field.

Medicinal However toxic the plant may be, it has medicinal benefits. E. milii is used as herbal remedies for muscle aches. (Usage in China) Leaf extract has wound healing properties (CITE)

Pesticide Euphorbia milii have properties that may act as a molluscicide. Molluscicide, snail bait, is a pesticide that is against molluscs. There have been some research on using Euphorbia milii latex as a pesticide alternative. World Health Organization (WHO)...

World Health Organization for the control of schistosomiasis transmission and Euphorbia milii latex is effective against snails intermediate hosts.(CITE)

Bibliography:
 * https://www.britannica.com/plant/crown-of-thorns-plant
 * Delgado, I. F., et al. “Absence of Tumor Promoting Activity of Euphorbia Milii Latex on the Mouse Back Skin.” Toxicology Letters, vol. 145, no. 2, Nov. 2003, p. 175. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00303-5. (Medicine)
 * Chudasama, K., Bhatt, P., Chudasama, K., & Thaker, V. (2018). Molecular marker study in ornamental plant Euphorbia milii. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(3), 882-888. (Toxic)
 * Gong, Cui-Ping, et al. “Development of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Based Formulation for Treating Wounds during Nursing Care in Hospitals.” Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology B: Biology, vol. 183, June 2018, pp. 137–141. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.030. (Medicine)
 * de Carvalho Augusto, Ronaldo, et al. “Double Impact: Natural Molluscicide for Schistosomiasis Vector Control Also Impedes Development of Schistosoma Mansoni Cercariae into Adult Parasites.” PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol. 11, no. 7, July 2017, pp. 1–19. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005789.