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Pervez Musharraf From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Parvaiz Musharaf) Jump to: navigation, search Pervez Musharraf Pervez Musharraf 2004.jpg Musharraf in November 2004 10th President of Pakistan In office 20 June 2001 – 18 August 2008 Prime Minister 	Zafarullah Khan Jamali Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain Shaukat Aziz Muhammad Mian Soomro Yousaf Raza Gillani Preceded by 	Muhammad Rafiq Tarar Succeeded by 	Muhammad Mian Soomro (Acting) Chief Executive of Pakistan In office 12 October 1999 – 21 November 2002 President 	Muhammad Rafiq Tarar Preceded by 	Nawaz Sharif (Prime Minister) Succeeded by 	Zafarullah Khan Jamali (Prime Minister) Minister of Defence In office 12 October 1999 – 23 October 2002 Preceded by 	Nawaz Sharif Succeeded by 	Rao Sikandar Iqbal Chief of Army Staff In office 6 October 1998 – 28 November 2007 Preceded by 	Jehangir Karamat Succeeded by 	Ashfaq Parvez Kayani Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee In office 8 October 1997 – 7 October 2001 Preceded by 	Jehangir Karamat Succeeded by 	Aziz Khan Personal details Born 	11 August 1943 (age 70) Delhi, British India (now in India) Political party 	Pakistan Muslim League- Quaid (Before 2010) All Pakistan Muslim League (2010–present) Spouse(s) 	Sehba Musharraf Children 	Ayla Bilal Alma mater 	Forman Christian College Pakistan Military Academy Command and Staff College National Defence University Royal College of Defence Studies Religion 	Islam Military service Nickname(s) 	"Cowboy", "Mush" Allegiance 	 Pakistan Service/branch 	 Pakistan Army Years of service 	1964–2007 Rank 	US-O10 insignia.svg General Unit 	Army Regiment of Artillery Commands 	I Corps Special Services Group XII Corps Battles/wars 	Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Siachen conflict Kargil War Civil war in Afghanistan (1996–2001) 1999 Pakistani coup d'état 2001–2002 India-Pakistan standoff War in North-West Pakistan Awards 	Order of Excellence Nishan-e-Imtiaz.png Nishan-e-Imtiaz Medal of Good Conduct Tamgha-e-Basalat.png Tamgha-e-Basalat Star of Good Conduct Sitara-e-Basalat.png Imtiazi Sanad Ordine del Re Abd al-Aziz.png Order of al-Saud This article contains Urdu text, written from right to left with most of the letters joined in a cursive way. Without proper rendering support, you may see unjoined letters running left to right or other symbols instead of Urdu script.

Pervez Musharraf (Urdu: پرویز مشرف‎; born 11 August 1943) is a retired four-star general and a politician who was brought to power through a military coup d'état in 1999. He served as the tenth President of Pakistan from 2001 until 2008. Prior to that, he was the 13th Chief of Army Staff from October 1998 till November 2007, and was also the tenth Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee of Pakistan Armed Forces from 1998 until 2001. Commissioned from the Pakistan Army in 1964, Musharraf rose to national prominence after being appointed a four-star general in October 1998 by then-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. Musharraf was the mastermind and strategic field commander behind the Kargil infiltration. Previously, Musharraf played a vital role in the Afghan civil war, both assisting the peace negotiations and attempting to end the bloodshed in the country. After months of contentious relations with Prime Minister Sharif, Musharraf was brought to power through a military coup d'état in 1999, subsequently placing the Prime minister under a strict house-arrest before moving him to Adiala Jail in Punjab Province.

With Shaukat Aziz having completed his term as Prime Minister and the suspension of the Chief Justice in 2007, Musharraf dramatically fell from power in 2008, tendering his resignation of the presidency after facing potential impeachment, led by the elected opposition parties. Musharraf then lived in self-imposed exile in London for four years, returning to Pakistan on 24 March 2013, in order to participate in the upcoming general elections, despite receiving death threats from the Taliban. Whilst absent from Pakistan, the country's courts issued arrest warrants for both Musharraf and Aziz, for their alleged involvement in the assassination of Benazir Bhutto and Akbar Bugti. He was disqualified from taking part in the 2013 election by High Court judges in April 2013.[1] Contents

1 Early life 1.1 British India 1.2 Pakistan and Turkey 2 Initial military career 2.1 Indo-Pakistani conflicts (1965–1971) 2.2 Professorship and military assignments (1972–1990) 2.3 Command and staff appointments (1991–1995) 3 Four-star appointments (1998–2007) 3.1 Chief of army staff and Chairman Joint Chiefs 3.2 Kargil Conflict 4 Chief Executive 4.1 1999 coup 4.2 First days 4.3 Sharif trial and exile 4.4 Constitutional changes 4.4.1 2002 general elections 5 Presidency 5.1 Support for the War on Terror 5.2 Relations with India 5.3 Relations with Saudi Arabia 5.4 Nuclear scandals 5.5 Corruption issues 5.6 Domestic politics 5.7 Women's rights 5.8 Assassination attempts 6 Fall from the presidency 6.1 Suspension and reinstatement of the Chief Justice 6.2 Lal Masjid siege 6.3 Return of Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif 6.4 Resignation from the Military 6.5 2007 presidential elections 6.6 2007 state of emergency 6.7 2008 general elections 6.8 Impeachment movement and resignation 7 Exile 7.1 Academia and lectureship 7.2 Return to politics and formation of All Pakistan Muslim League 7.3 Legal threats 7.4 Views on Pakistani police commandos 7.5 Views on the blasphemy laws in Pakistan 8 Return to Pakistan 8.1 Electoral disqualification 8.2 House arrest 8.3 Court arrest orders 8.4 Murder cases investigations 9 Personal life 10 See also 11 Notes 12 External links

Early life British India

Pervez Musharraf was born on 11 August 1943 to an Urdu-speaking family in Delhi, India, four years before the partition of India.[2][3][4] He is the son of Syed and Zarin Musharraf.[5][6] Syed graduated from Aligarh Muslim University, in Aligarh, India and was a civil servant for the Government Of India.[7] Zarin was born in the early 1920s, who was also an academic educated and graduated from Aligarh Muslim University.[3]

Musharraf's first childhood home was called neharwali haveli, literally "mansion by the canal".[8] The house, located at the epicenter of India's ruling Mughal elite, is so large that in 2001 it housed eight different families.[8] Syed Ahmed Khan's family lived adjacent to the home.[8] The home's title deeds were written entirely in Urdu except for his father's English signature.[8] Pakistan and Turkey

Musharraf and his family left for Pakistan on one of the last safe trains in August 1947, a few days before the partition of India took effect.[5][8][9] His father joined the Pakistan Civil Services and began to work for the new Pakistan government; eventually his father joined the Foreign Ministry, first taking the assignment in Turkey.[5] In his autobiography In the Line of Fire: A Memoir, Musharraf elaborates on his first experience with death, after falling off a mango tree.[10]

Musharraf's family moved to Ankara in 1949, when his father became part of a diplomatic deputation from Pakistan to Turkey.[7][11] He learned to speak Turkish.[12][13] He had a dog named Whiskey that gave him a "lifelong love for dogs".[7] He often played sports in his youth.[5][14] In 1956 he left Turkey[7][11] and returned to Pakistan in 1957[12] where he attended Saint Patrick's School in Karachi and was accepted at the Forman Christian College University in Lahore.[7][15][16] At Forman, Musharraf declared his major in mathematics and performed extremely well in his collegiate mathematics,[17] but later developed interest in Economics.[18] Initial military career

In 1961, at age of 18,[19] Musharraf entered the prestigious Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul.[14][20] During his college years in PMA and initial joint military testings, Musharraf shared a room with PQ Mehdi of PAF and Abdul Aziz Mirza of Navy (both reached to four-star assignments and served with Musharraf later on) and after giving the exams and entrance interviews, all three cadets went to watch a world-acclaimed Urdu film, Savera (lit. Dawn), with his inter-services and college friends, Musharraf recalls, "In the Line of Fire" published in 2006.[19] With his friends, Musharraf passed the standardise, physical, psychological, and officer-training exams, he also took discussions involving the socioeconomics issues; all three were interviewed by joint military officers who were designated as Commandants.[19] The next day, Musharraf along with PQ Mehdi and Mirza, reported to PMA and thay were selected for their respective training in their arms of commission.[19]

Finally in 1964, Musharraf graduated with a Bachelor's degree in his class of 29th PMA Long Course together with Ali Kuli Khan and his life-long friend Abdul Aziz Mirza.[21] He was commissioned in the artillery regiment as second lieutenant and posted near the Indo-Pakistan border.[21][22] During this time in the artillery regiment, Musharraf maintained his close friendship and contact with Mirza through letters and telephones even in difficult times when Mirza, after joining the Navy Special Service Group, was stationed in East-Pakistan as a military advisor to East Pakistan Army.[19] Indo-Pakistani conflicts (1965–1971) Further information: Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts

His first battlefield experience was with an artillery regiment in the intense fighting for Khemkaran sector in the Second Kashmir War.[23] He also participated in the Lahore and Sialkot war zones during the conflict.[13] During the war, Musharraf developed a reputation for sticking to his post under shellfire.[9] He received the Imtiazi Sanad medal for gallantry.[11][14]

Shortly after the end of the War of 1965, he was selected to join the special force school by recommendation of his commanding officer in Sialkot.[citation needed] After passing the rigorous exams and physically tough training, he joined the elite Special Service Group (SSG) and then trained together with then-lieutenant Shahid Karimullah (also a four-star admiral) for the joint operations.[12][21] He served in the SSG from 1966–1972.[12][24] He was promoted to army captain and to major during this period.[12] During the 1971 war with India, he was a company commander of a SSG commando battalion.[13] During the 1971 war, he was scheduled to depart to East-Pakistan to join the army-navy joint military operations, but instead his deployment did not materialize after Indian Army advances towards Southern Pakistan.[19]