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Lakhon Nok (ละครนอก)
Lakhon Nok wang or Lakhon Nok is a dramatic arts of Thailand which perform with a general story, and originated outside the royal residence in the early of Ayutthaya period.

Formerly, it was not called Lakhon nok until Lakhon Nai was generated in the royal residence, consequently the dramatic arts that operated without tradition and regulation, was called Lakhon Nok.

Lakhon Nok have a popular show in the drama which have 19 stories example like Suwannahong(สุวรรณหงษ์), Pikulthong (พิกุลทอง) and Kaithong (ไกรทอง) that still popular in present.

History of Lakhon Nok
Lakhon Nok is the show of the story that originated outside the palace. Lakhon Nok was created in early of Ayutthaya period by royal palace were given but therefore it doesn't name Lakhon Nok because of the organization of each pattern when there is a drama that doesn't happen according to strict rules and regulation so they must have naming to create mutual understading determined according to the form so it was name " Lakhon nok " which mean dramas performed outside the palace or outside the wang. Lakhon Nok is a type of dance drama, adapted from the drama Chatri (ชาตรี) is a central performance art developed since the 17th century. The origin of Lakhon nok were perform with only 3 actors, namely the monk and the clown the story can be shown in a limited scope, Therefore there are people who develop the show by adding character to make the drama more variety. In Ayuttha period Lakhon Nok has a lot of stories but it left only 19 stories example Karakate(การะเกด), Pikulthong(พิกุลทอง) and Manorah

(มโนรา) all of the stories can perform except Oonnarout(อุณรุท), Enau (อิเหนา) and Ramayana (รามเกียรติ์) that must perform in Lakhon nai only, the reason that 3 of the stories is except because It's intervene by the king.

Characteristics and Procedure for perfroming Lakhon Nok
Lakhon Nok are speedy, fancy, enteraining and sometimes maybe impolite because it perform by people and not sticking to the rules too much. The actor who plays the part of the King, is probably jocular with other player who act as an army or a court official. Dancing, making the script and performing must be active as the characteristic of folk, therefore a dialogue of Lakhon Nok is a simple word as the folk's conversation and no need to conserve the culture excessively.

The procedure for performing the drama in Ayutthaya era follow as


 * 1) Piphat(ปี่พาทย์) will play a cool prelude song to call the audience that the performance is about to begin and will then be played with a Sathu song(เพลงสาธุ) first and goodbye song is the last
 * 2) Start with Waa song(เพลงวา) an actor who is a master or a noble character will come out and sit on the bed with his courtiers and sena will sing a hymn
 * 3) Precentor will play slow pipe song first then follow by other songs ex; Romnok(โลมนอก) and Rainok(ร่ายนอก) song
 * 4) Piphat will accept all requests subsequently, they will sing songs that are appropriate for the role of the characters according to the story

In nowaday Fine Arts Department has developed Lakhon Nok procedure to make it more suitable for organizing to watch in public follow as

1. Piphat will sing Waa song an actor who is a master or a noble character will sit on the bed with courtiers and sena.

2. The singer will sing slow Pinok (ปี่นอก) song first then following by 2 tempo or Rainok song.

3. The singer will the song that suitable for the show.

Lakhon Nok dance style
Lakhon Nok dance style It consists of standard dance moves according to the basic posture of Thai dance a dance that mimics human nature.

and the so-called " Rum gum bae"(รำกำแบ) is the simple dance example raise your hand, pray and clapping not focusing on the beautiful dance style in the style of Thai dance.

Nature of Lakhon nok dance
Lakhon Nok dance must dance in powerful way which can express

The gestures and dances were more than the dramas in must make the gestures or postures look alive Lively and realistic role-playing characteristics of the dances that appear in theatrical performances as follows


 * 1) Dance with piphat song It is a dance to match the rhythm of the song by dancing using the main dance moves and the dances that directly show the action go straight according to the type of song in front of that piphat.
 * 2) Dance with song It is a dance to match the rhythm of the music and The chorus by the performers uses strangulation and uses the stanzas according to the lyrics to communicate meaning of lyrics.
 * 3) Dance with dialogue of Roi kaew(ร้อยแก้ว) and Roi krong (ร้อยกลอง) it is a dance to match the dialogue In the dance, the performers will use the strangulation according to the dialogue to convey the meaning without hitting every word spoken by the characters must show emotions to reach the role of the character.

Roi Kaew meaning
It is a form of language that uses regular grammatical structures and a natural flow of words. instead of the rhythmic structure as in poetry Despite the critical controversy over the creation of prose, But with its simplicity and loosely defined structure.

Roi krong meaning
Words arranged in order according to the law of prosody, with various regulations set out to create fun. and has a melody that is different from ordinary words In reading the verse, we learn more than "reading melody".

Song that used in Lakhon Nok
The performance of the music for the Lakhon Nok theater will be performed by the Pi Phat Nai(ปี่พาทใน) orchestra and music and chorus has a fast, concise tempo driving music

there are many songs that have specific melodies for non-drama songs as follows:


 * 1) Slow pi nok (ปี่นอกช้า) song used when opening the show by introduct the characters
 * 2) Rai nok song(เพลงร่ายนอก)  used during operation or need a firmness in the dance
 * 3) Opi nok(โอปี่นอก)used to describe suffering, sadness
 * 4) Supthai song (เพลงศัพท์ไทย)used to sing when angry, scolding each other.

In nowaday Lakhon Nok use the Piphat band that was given an example.

above, but if it is a foreign drama that has been inherited from a royal drama since the era

The reign of King Rama 2 (รัชกาลที่ 2) uses a band that is also called Piphat orchestra(วงปี่พาทย์), but is used as a band Piphat Mai Nuam (ปี่พาทย์ไม้นวม).

Piphat orchestra
Piphat ensemble is a ensemble consisting of percussion, blowing and rhythmic instruments. used in royal ceremonies and ceremonies, divided into 3 sizes


 * 1) The Pi Phat Krueng Ha ensemble is divided into 2 types: 1. Piyaphat, the fifth engine is hard. Will be used for playing in theatrical performances or ceremonies, which will consist of various musical instruments as follows: the big gong, flute, klong that, tapon and cymbals 2. Piyaphat, the five instruments lightly It consists of various musical instruments as follows: Chatri drums, double gongs, cymbals, pipes, and thap or tone.
 * 2) Piphat ensemble like a five-stringed pipe band Just add a xylophone and a small gong.
 * 3) Big Pi Phat Band Like a pair of Pi Phat bands Just add a steel xylophone and a steel xylophone.

Opportunity to show Lakhon Nok
In the past Lakhon Nok is perform by people with native play outside the palace that make the dance more frequent than Lakhon nai It is also a drama that is hired

make a living when you are hired to play If it's a big event, it will live there for a while

the shows both auspicious events example temple feast, annual event and unauspicious event like funeral at present, we can see outside theatrical performances in

national theater. The theater is a square shape that can be viewed from 3 sides (originally), blocking a single scene without changing the story. There are 2 entrances and exits. In front of the scene in the middle is a bed for the characters to sit on. Behind the scenes is where the characters rest or dress up.