User:Saltwolf/biotechnology acronyms

= Biotechnology Acronyms=

In modern biotechnology, abbreviations, anacronyms and jargon are created daily. Many lists of abbreviations are started but not updated. Here are some samples of common acronyms (and anacronyms). Please update them as appropriate:

A
A: Adenine ADC: antibody-drug conjugate

B
BamHI: (from Bacillus amyloli) is a type II restriction endonuclease, having the capacity for recognizing short sequences (6 b.p.) of DNA and specifically cleaving them at a target site.

C

 * CAP: [Collegium of American Pathologists]

D

 * Davidson's AFA: Davidson's Alcohol Formalin Acetic acid Fixative (a solution for fixing of proteins, DNA, etc. for study)


 * DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
 * Indented lineB-DNA: B-type DNA (relates to chemical structure)
 * Indented linecDNA: Complimentary DNA (DNA that is synthesized from mRNA)
 * Indented lineZ-DNA: Z-type DNA (relates to chemical structure)

F
FISH: Fluorescence in situ hybridization

FBLD/FBDD: Fragment-based lead discovery/Fragment-based drug discovery

G
GPCR Structure: Graphical Pipeline for Computational Genomics

H
HLA: Human leukocyte antigen

I
InterPro: A database made of 11 different ISC: Immunohistochemistry (use of primary antibodies to bind to the target protein) ISH: In situ hybridization (use of probes to bind to the target, in FISH, the probe is fluorescence)

M
MGB: Minor groove binder

N

 * NBF: neutral buffered formalin (a solution for fixing of proteins, DNA, etc. for study)

P
PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction PEGylation: The process of covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer chains to another molecule, normally a drug or therapeutic protein. Pfam: From "Protein family", a database of protein families that includes their annotations and multiple sequence alignments generated using hidden Markov models

R
RNA: ribonucleic acid mRNA: messenger ribonucleic acid hnRNA: heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleic acid pre-mRNA: precursor messenger ribonucleic acid RNA-seq: ribonucleic acid sequencing

S
SNP: single-nucleotide polymorphism <li>SNV:

T
<li>Taq or Taq_pol:  Taq Polymerase a thermostable DNA  - named after the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus from which it was originally isolated by Thomas D. Brock in 1965. Frequently used in polymerase chain reaction. <li>TaqMan:  Hydrolysis probes that are designed to increase the specificity of real-time PCR assays. These robes were named after the videogame PacMan (Taq Polymerase + PacMan = TaqMan)